专题20-Unit2写作与阅读（教师版）-2021-2022学年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版2020）

Unit2写作与阅读建议信.建议信是向收信人对某事提出写信人的建议或忠告，可以是写给个人的也可以是写给单位或机构的。.建议信要写出提建议的理由、建议的内容以及如果被采纳可能会出现的积极结果。建议信的写作要简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。.建议信的写作步骤：首段：表明写作意图，陈述事由。主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，展望建议被采纳后的良好结果并表达希望。常用表达：I'msorrytohearthatyouaregoingthrough...Itisnaturalthatmanyteenagers...Firstly,you'dbettercommunicatewithotherstudentsmoreoften.Secondly,joininactivitiesanddiscussionsheldinyourclass.Lastly,it'sagoodideaforyoutodo...Ihopetheadvicewillbeofgreathelptoyou.I'msurethatyouwillcheerupandsolvetheproblem...写作模板Dear（收信人），Iunderstandyourfeelings.（陈述事由）.Butdon'tbeunhappy.Trythesepiecesofadviceandseeiftheyhelp.First,（第一条建议）.（第一条建议的理由）.Second,（第二条建议），forexample（第二条建议的理由）.Besides,（第三条建议）.Ihopeyouwillfindmyadvicehelpful.Iwishyouall（hebest（祝愿）.Yours,（写信人）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Mary因搬家换了一所新学校，因不知如何结交新朋友而感到苦恼。请你根据下面的提示写一封建议信。.表示理解与同情；.提出建议；.表达祝愿。注意：1.开头和结尾已给出；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步审题谋篇［审题］写作要求是写一封建议信，写作时应注意下面几点：.确定文体：这是一封建议信。写作时应注意建议信的写作特点。.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。.主体人称：由于是写一封建议信，所以人称应该以第二人称和第三人称为主。［谋篇］第一段：开门见山，引入主题。第二段：具体提出建议。第三段：进行总结，表示祝愿。第二步遣词造句［核心词汇］.做某事有困难havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth..没有必要做某事Thereisnoneedtodosth..和交流communicatewilh.接受某人的建议takesb.'sadvice［连词成句］.没有必要担心结交新朋友。Thereisnoneedlobeanxiousabouimakingnewfriends..许多青少年发现他们在新的环境中遇到同样的情况。Manyteenagersfindtheymeetthesamesituationwheninanewenvironment..你最好接受我的建议。You'dbettertakemyadvice..这个问题很容易解决。Theproblemiseasylosolve.第三步句式升级.用原因状语从句合并句1、2Thereisnoneedtobeanxiousaboutmakingnewfriends,becausemany【eenagersfind【heymeelihesamesituationwheninanewenvironment..用条件状语从句合并句3、4Theproblemiseasylosolve,ifyoulakemyadvice.第四步组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。【答案】DearMary,I'msorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublemakingnewfriendsinyournewschool.Thereisnoneedtobeanxiousaboutmakingnewfriends,becausemanyteenagersfindtheymeetthesamesituationwheninanewcnvironincnt.Theproblemiseasytosolve,ifyoutakemyadvice.Firstofalbcommunicatewithyourclassmatesmoreoften.Asitmayhelpyoudevelopacloserelationshipwiththem.Besides»whynotjoininactivitiesanddicussionsheldinyourclass?IfyoudoIhis,youcanmakefriendseasily.Lastbutnotleast»itisagoodideatohelpotherswheneverpossible.Hopemyadvicewillbeofgreathelptoyou.Yours，LiHua阅读天天练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASunriseHikeSaturday,October21,6:45am—7:45amEnjoysunrisefromthehilltopasyoulearnaboutwildlife,plants,historyandforest.Ages8andup；under18withanadult.Toregister（报名）byphone,call630-933-7248.Meetin（heparkinglotonthewestsideofGreeneRoadsouthof79thStreet.Dressfortheweather,wearcomfortableshoesandbringwater.TrickOrTreatSaturday,October28,9:00am—11I30amYouandyourfamilyareinvitedtojointheYMCAforaHalloweenhikeupBadgerMountain!MakesuretowearyourHalloweencosiumes（戏装）！Freeshirtsforthefirst200kidsregistered.Remembertotakeawayyourshirtby11:30amoritwillbegivenaway.Cost：TrickOrTreatisaFREEevent.DiscoveryHikeThursday,October26,1:00pm—4:00pm;Ages3—8Fallispumpkintime.Listentoapumpkinstoryandlearnhowpumpkinsgrow.Thenwewillheadoutonthepathinsearchofalittlepumpkinjustforyouandmaybe,wewillfindthegreatpumpkinalongtheway.Cost：$7perchild.HarvestDayCampMonday,October31,8:00am—5*00pmHarvestCampisanopportunityforchildrenaged5-13tofindthewonderofautumnatKeystoneScienceSchoolandenjoyallthefuntheHalloweenseasonoffers.We'llexplorethewaysournaturalenvironmenthaschangedfromsummertofall.Asalways,ourprogrammingisfocusedonbuildingskills,knowledgeandconfidcnce.Cost：S0.00.语篇解读这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了在秋季，为孩子们准备的一些有趣的活■布Whatdotheseactivitieshaveincommon?Theyaredesignedonlyforchildren.Theyarcheldinamountain.TheyaretocelebrateHalloween.Theyalltakeplaceinautumn.D【解析】细节理解题。由“Saturday,October21；Saturday,October28；Thursday,October26：Monday,October31”可知，这些活动有一个共同点，就是都在秋天举行，故选D。Inwhichactivitymightchildrengetfreeclothes?SunriseHike.DiscoveryHike.HarvestDayCamp.TrickOrTreat.D(解析】细节理解题。由TrickOrTreat中的“Freeshirtsforthefirst200kidsregistered.“可知，在TrickOrTreat活动中，孩子们可能会获得免费的衣服，故选D。WhatcanchildrendoonthelastdayofOctober?Listentoapumpkinstory.Hikewiththeirparents.Enjoythebeautyofautumn.Learnaboutwildlifeandforest.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后的“Monday,October3l,,^Ut4We,llexplorethewaysournaturalenvironmenthaschangedfromsummertofall”可知，我们将探索自然环境从夏季到秋季的变化。由此可知，在10月的最后一天，孩子们可以欣赏秋天的美丽，故选C。BHaveyoueverthoughtoftakingatrainandhavinganadventure?Ridingthetraincanbearealadventure.ThatishowIfeeleverytimeI(akeAmtrak.Ioften(akeafbur-hourtriptovisitmychildren.EverylimeItakethistripIneverknowwhatwillhappen.LastweekwhenIwasonthetrainandoveranhourintothetrainride,therewasamansittingbyhimselfinthebackofthetraincarryingonamobilephoneconversation—inanotherlanguage.ltwasloudanddisturbedmostofthepeopleonthetrain.!thinkitwasannoying.Fortunately,Isatnexttoawonderfuloldladywhowastakingatwo-daytripbytrain.Shesaidhertwodaughtersweredistraughtatthethoughtofherdrivingforthreedaystoreachherhome,althoughshehadnotroubledriving.Thetrainridewastheonlychoiceforher.Shelovedtolookoutofthewindowandwatchtheworldgobyon(hetrain.Shewasfuntotalktoandaskedmewhenmychildrenstartedbeingparents.Thatisaverygoodquestion.Bothofusareoldandhavechildren.Sheaskedthatsamequestionfromtimetotime.Therearealwaysmanypeopleonthetrainfromallwalksoflife,differentcountries,andmanylanguages.Ridingthetrainisagreatwaytoincreaseyourknowledgeandtakeinallkindsofcultures.Ifyougethungry,youcanbuyfoodin(hefoodcaratanytime.Ifyouneedtousetherestroomthereisalwaysoneavailable.Itsurebeatsdrivingthecar,whichhastostopforfoodandrestrooms.Anditisbetterthantakingthebus.语篇解读作者在本文中介绍了乘坐火车时的经历，认为乘坐火车是一次很好的文化体验。Accordingto(hepassage,thepurposeoftheauthor^trainridewas.todobusinesstoseeherchildrentovisitplacesofinteresttoseeheroldfriendsB【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句"Ioftentakeafour-hourtriptovisitmychildren.”可知，作者坐火车去看望孩子们。故选B。Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“distraughi"inParagraph3?A.Disappointed.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.D.Pleased.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，此处句意为：虽然老太太开车没有问题，但是两个女儿一想到她要开车三天才到家，就会感到。根据常识可知，此处意为“担心”。故选C。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheoldladysittingnexttotheauthor?Sheistoooldtodrivenow.Shedoesnotliketotaketrains.Althoughsheisold»shehasagoodmemory.Herdaughterslivefarawayfromherhome.D［解析］推理判断题。根据第三段中的“althethoughtofherdrivingforthreedaystoreachherhome”可推知，女儿们住得很远。故选D。Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?TrainRide—ACulturalExperienceAPainfulExperienceontheTrainTheHistoryofAmtrakAWonderfulLadyA【解析】标题归纳题。根据全文的介绍以及倒数第二段第二句"Ridingthetrainisagreatwaytoincreaseyourknowledgeandtakeinallkindsofcultures.”可知，本题答案为A。CYourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeoplearcoftenlessself-conscious（难为情）whenthey'reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytocatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy»peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit'stimetorepaint,goblue.Don'tforgettheclock-ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmcals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou'reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown>turnonrelaxingmusic.ltmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone»totalintake（摄入）jumpsby14pcrccnt.Andwe'llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatalkskinnyglass.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。当你在家里吃饭的时候，有没有担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看看吧，家里的环境，包括窗户和灯的亮度、墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等都可以影响你的饮食。也许使你肥胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里！Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulfor（hosewhocareabout.A.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydietsB【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首句“Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.”以及下面几个段落中提到的建议可知，本文是关于如何不变胖的，所以那些“关心自己体形的人”会觉得本文特别有帮助，故选B项。Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetitesB【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom”可知，人们在蓝色的房间里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的房间里少吃33%的食物，故B项“减少食物摄入量”正确。1（）.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.C［解析］细节理解题。根据最后•段中的“Whenwcchoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake（摄入）jumpsby14percent”可知，应使用较小的汤匙，故C项正确。11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?WaysofServingDinnerEffectsofSeif-ConsciousnessIsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?A【解析】标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接下来介绍了墙壁的颜色、房间的亮度、吃饭的速度以及吃饭时使用的器皿大小等都与一个人的身材有关。因此A项“你的房子正在让你发胖吗？”最适合作文章的标题。第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everybodygetsangry,butoui-of-controlangerisn'tgoodforyouor（hosearoundyou.Soherearefivesimplestrategiestohelpyoulearnhowtomanageyouranger：,Relax.Breathedeeply,fromyourstomach.1Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.Changethewayyouthink.Whenyou'reangry,yourthinkingcangetexaggeraled（夸大的）.2Forinstance,insteadoftellingyourself,“Oh,it'sterrible!Everything'sruined,tellyourself»"It'sunderstandablethatFmupsetaboutit,butit'snottheendoftheworld.^^3Statementslike“Thisneverworks."or"You'realwaysforgettingthings.,,willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustified（合乎情理的）andthere'snowaytosolvetheproblcm.Thcymightupsetpeoplewhomightbewillingtoworkwithyouonasolution.Haveabettercommunication.Angrypeopletendtojumptoconclusions.Ifyouareinaheateddiscussion,slowdown.4Andtakeyourtimebeforeanswering.Insteadofsayingthefirstthingthatcomesintoyourhead,thinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouwanttosay.,Usehumor.Psychologistssaythathighlyangrypeopletendtothink“thingsoughttogomyway!”“Sillyhumor”canhelpyougetamorebalancedperspective.So,whenyoufeelthatangercomingthenexttime,pictureyourselfasakingorqueen,walkingaround,admiredbyeverybody,andgettingyourownwayineverysituation.Thcmoredetailyoucangetintoyourimaginaryscenes,themorelikelyitistoputasmileonyourface.5A.Becarefulwithwordslike“never"or"always”.Listencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.Tryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableones.Avoidusingthesestrategieswhenyou'reinatensesituation.Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas"lakeiteasy”.Trychangingthetopicssoyourtalkswon'tturnintoarguments.Thatwillhelpyourealizethatthethingsyou'reangryaboutarcreallynotveryimportant.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章就如何管理自己的愤怒给出了五条建议。E【解析】E项(然后慢慢地重复一个词或一句话，例如“放轻松和下文“Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.”承接自然，该句的“it”指代E项中的“acalmwordorphrase”，且两句中的repeat属于原词复现。故选E项。C【解析】C下文的“举个例子来说，不要告诉你自己，太糟糕了！一切都毁了！\而要说，我对它感到失落是可以理解的，但这绝对不是世界末日。可知，C项(尝试用更合理的想法代替被夸大的想法)承接自然，故选C项。A【解析】A项(小心使用“从不”或“总是”这样的词)和下文“像，这是没用的，或者，你总是忘记事情，的说法会让你觉得你的愤怒是合乎情理的并且没有办法解决这个问题''承接自然，该句是对答案的进一步说明。故选A项。B【解析】B项(仔细听别人说了什么)和下文“在回答之前慢慢来”承接自然。先仔细听，然后再回答，符合事情的发展逻辑和语境。故选B项。G【解析】上文“你放入想象场景里的细节越多，你就越有可能面带微笑”和G项(这会帮你意识到你所生气的事其实并没有那么重要)承接自然，符合语境，G项中的that指代前文提到的幽默方式。故选G项。第三节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaheldameeting1.TuesdaymorningattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijingtopraiserolemodelsinthecountry'sfightagainsttheCOVID-19epidemic.TheMedaloftheRepublicwasconferredonafamousrespiratorydiseaseexpertZhongNanshan.Thc2.(nation)honoraryliile,“ihePeople'sHero,“wasconferredonZhangBoli,3-expertwhowasresponsiblefortheresearchoftheCOVID-19treatmentplan4.(combine)traditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,ZhangDingyu,headofWuhanJinyintanHospital>andChenWei,amilitarymedical