广州大学陆道夫老师美国文学课件rober frost

RobertFrostSchoolofForeignLanguagesGuangzhouUniversity

LuDaofu

RobertFrostHislifestory

☆Birthplace:SanFrancisco☆Family:HisfatherdiedofT.B.whenRobertwas11.☆Education:wrotepoemsinhighschool;wenttoDartmouthCollegein1893(at19);1897-1899HarvardCollegewithoutgettingadegree.☆WorkingExperiences:workedatvariousjobswhiletendinghissmallfarminNewHampshire.☆GettingrecognizedinLondonattheageof40withthehelpofEzraPound.FrostwasthemostpopularAmericanpoetfrom1914tohisdeath.

☆wasinvitedtoread“TheGiftOutright”attheinaugurationofPresidentJohnF.Kennedyin1961.Therepresentativepoems

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ABoy’sWill

□MendingWall

□TheRoadNotTaken

□StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningThethemeofhispoems

Hispoemsaregreatcombinationofwisdom,harmonyandserenity;rurallifeofNewEngland,fullofpeacefulnessandserenity;goodatexploringthecomplexityofhumanexistencethroughtrivialsubjects;Amomentarystayagainstconfusion;Styleofhispoemssimplelanguageandtraditionalformsofpoetry;aperfectcombinationofthetraditionalpoeticformsandmodernvocabularyandspeechrhythms;suggestsratherthanspeaks;leavingspacesforhisreaders;Theroadnottaken"Youhavetobecarefulofthatone;it'satrickypoem–verytricky.“-----Frostwarnedthepoemisinspirational,apromotingindividualismandnon-conformity;freewill,rationality,responsibility;Infaceofcriticalchoices,hemeasuresthesituation,makesarationaldecision

(heprefersaharderlife),andisreadytotakefullresponsibilityforhisdecisionforbetterorforworse.Appreciationofthepoemfourstanzasoffivelines.TherhymeschemeisABAAB.therhymesarestrictandmasculine,withnotableexceptionofthelastline.Therearefourstressedsyllableseachline,varyingoniambictetrameterbase.Inthefirststanza,thespeakerdescribeshisposition.AppreciationofthepoemSecondStanzaandthirdstanza,descriptionoftheroads;thepoetadmitsthatbothpathsmaybeequallywornandequallyleaf-covered,anditisonlyinhisfuturerecollectionthathewillcalloneroad"lesstraveledby".FourthStanza---“sighs”withlamentation,ponderingwhathemayhavemissedontheotherpathandthathedoesn’thaveopportunitiestoexperienceanotherkindoflife.StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningconsistsoffouridenticallyconstructedstanzas.Eachlineisiambic,withfourstressedsyllables;withinthefourlinesofeachstanza,thefirst,second,andfourthlinesrhyme.Thethirdlinedoesnot,butitsetsuptherhymesforthenextstanza.;inthethirdstanza,queer,near,andyearallrhyme,butlakerhymeswithshake,mistake,andflakeinthefollowingstanza.ToomanyquestionsinthepoemWhatdowoodsrepresent?Somethinggood?Somethingbad?Whydoestheownerliveinthevillage?Whenisthedarkesteveningoftheyear?Whathappenedbetweenthevillage(or"society,""civilization,""duty,""sensibility,""responsibility")andthewoods(thatwhichisbeyondthebordersofthevillageandallitrepresents)?TheanalysisofthepoemInthefirststanza,thepoetleadsustoapieceofbeautifulwoodsfilledupwithsnow.Asweallknowthatthewoodsareusuallylinkedwithmyth,theunknownworld,andtheutmosttranquillity.Wecanguessthat,inthispoem,thepoettakesthewoodsastheeternallife,thebliss,thatistosaytheHeaven.Heisfedupwiththeroutineduties,andwantstorestforever.Thewoodshappenstoprovideanidealplace.

Theanalysisofthepoem

Thenitcomestothesnowyevening.“Itisthedarkesteveningoftheyear.”Thesnowiscoldandtheeveningdark,allofwhichindicatethatthepoetisdepressedinside.Hissubconsciouswantshimtostop,buthis“littlehorse”withtheinspiringbells,whichisactuallyasymbolofvitality,urgeshimtogo.Inthesecondstanza,thepoetuses“frozenlake”todenotedeath.Whyhetransferstheembodimentofdeathfromthebeautiful“woods”tothedeadly“frozenlake”isbecausethepointofviewhaschangedfromthepoettothelittlehorse.

Theanalysisofthepoem

Inthethirdstanza,thelittlehorsewonderswhythepoetstopswhenheshouldhavegoon.Only“theeasywind”and“downyflake”answeritwithsoftsweep.Wecanimaginethescene:the“downyflake”issolightandgentlethatitfliesinthesoftwind.Thuswecangettheidea:thepoet’sanswerisasslightanduncertainastheflakes,becausehehimselfdoesn’tknowwhyhestopssuddenlyinthewoods.TheanalysisofthepoemTowardtheend,thepoetcomesbackfromtheillusion.Thoughthewoodsareattractive,hemustmoveon,becausehehaspromisetokeep.“Thepromise”couldbeanobligationoragoal.Onecannotdiebeforefulfillingone’sdream.Thepoetuses“sleep”torepresentdeath,justasweusuallydo.

useofimageryagreatdealofimagery,suchasdark,deepwoodsinlinethirteenthatarebeingfilledwithlargeamountsofsnowpouringfromtheskyinlinefour,andhouseinasmallvillage,againthesnowcomingdown,exceptthistimeontheroofthehouse,inlinethree.Also,afrozenlake,letitbebigorsmall,withtheskydarkeningfast,inlinessevenandeight.Inthethirdstanza,ahorseisshownshakingthebellsonhisreigns,asiftocalltheattentionofthespeaker,toinformhimthathemusthavemadeamistake.Theendof….上下文语境关系的补充（答案）战争期间(要是)碰到这样的年景，很多人肯定会死去，很多人会逃荒要饭，很多人会被迫卖儿卖女。(由于)受到了这样的鼓励，他们为第二年制定了一个更大胆的计划。介词的使用要是一个人不能一上任就看出谁支持他，谁反对他，那他就不配搞政治。连词的使用（答案）就在这期间，爱因斯坦开始进行了一项研究。经过这项研究，他创立了著名的相对论。几乎所有的物质都是热胀冷缩的。汉语四字格词语的使用绿草萋萋，白云冉冉，彩蝶翩翩，这日子是如此清新可爱；蜜蜂无言，春花不语，海波声歇。大地静谧，这日子是如此万籁俱寂。然而并非安静，因为万物各以其适宜的时刻，特有的节奏，或动，或摇，或振，或起，或伏。汉语四字格词语的使用Hewentonindulginginwishfulthinking．Chickenswouldbreedmorechickens．Sellingthemwouldbringhimmoney．Withthishecouldbuycows．ThecowswouldbreedtooandSellingoxenwouldmakemoremoneyforhim．Withthemoney．Hecouldbecomeamoneylender.Suchasuccessionofstepsforgettingrich，ofcourse,hadnothingatallwithproduction.形合与意合练习为什么如此众多的美国人不能如想象中那样幸福昵?我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之分。一般情感主义者喜欢用大字眼，称之为对于理想爱情的渴望。换言之，他们认为女人的情感平时只能零星发泄，必须有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起来有了归宿，自己才能得到满足。汉语松散句的翻译练习***Absorbedinhiswalking，OldShuanwasstartledwhenhesawthecrossroadlyingdistinctlyaheadofhim．Hewalkedbackafewstepstostandundertheeavesofashopinfrontofitscloseddoor．****

Theisolationoftheruralworldbecauseofdistanceandthelackoftransportfacilitiesiscompoundedbythepaucityoftheinformationmedia．物称与人称的翻译练习1.我突然想到了一个主意。2．她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。3．

他开始变得惊恐万状。4.一踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们就随时随地受到关怀与照顾。被动与主动的翻译练习

ItiswellknownthatthecompasswasinventedinChinamorethantwothousandyearsago．

KissingerwasalarmedbyChina’SfirstatomicblastinOctober，1964．名词动用的翻译(key)1.他能吃能睡。2.计算机比人检查得更细心、更勤快3．有人给他撑腰。

4．福特一开始就保证说：“总统先生，我支持您，并效忠于您。”英语省略，汉语重复的翻译(key)1.说一个人自私自利，并非因为他只图自己的利益，而是因为他不顾邻人的利益。2.野心不仅是罪恶的根源，也是毁灭的根源。

3．要顺应自然工作，不要违反自然工作。4.阅读训练人的眼睛，说话训练人的口齿，写作训练人的思维。汉语重复，英语省略的翻译Theroadwaspackedwithanoisycrowdofmenandwoman，whoweresellingandbuyingallkindsofthing