新视野第一册第八单元课文讲解

Directions:

Watchthevideoand

thendiscussthetopic

asfollows:Isgeniustheresultofnurtureortheresultofnature?keyI.Pre-readingActivities:Listen,Look&SayVideowatchingBack返回keyPathofthinking:DoyouagreewithEdison’ssaying“Geniusisonepercentinspirationand99percentperspiration”?Giveyourreasonsorexamples.Summary:Frommyangleofview,geniusistheresultofnurtureaswellasnature,withmorestressputontheformer,justasthesayingcoinedbyEdisongoes,“Geniusisonepercentinspirationand99percentperspiration.”Taketheinventionofbulbforexample.Thebigproblemwithitwasthefilamentgotburnedbecauseoftremendousheat.Edisonhaddonethousandsofexperimentsbeforehefinallyturnedoutabulbthatwouldglowforthreedays.Sothevideohasbornoutthetruththateveryinventionglowswithitsinventor’sgreateffortsaswellashiscreativity.>>>moreFromthevideo,therefore,wecanconcludethatanybrightideainyourmindhasalongwaytocoverbeforeitcanproveyourcreativity.Asisknowntoall,thelawofgravitywasatypicalproductofNewton’ssleeplikerelaxationunderanappletree.Butitwasthecountlessexperimentshemadelaterthatprovedittobetrueforthegravitationalforcebetweenanytwoobjectsintheuniverse.Ontheotherhand,anybrightideaaboutsomethingoccurstoyouonlywhenyouhavemadeasystematicstudyofit.Toachievethis,youneedtoworkhard,too.返回课文分析NewWords&Expressions课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEsatisfactorya.令人满意的flashvi.1.突然产生2.飞驰,掠过particularlyad.特别是;特别地glowvi.发光creationn.1.[U]创造2.[C]作品mysteryn.[C]谜;神秘的事物reasonablea.合理的;适当的psychologyn.[U]心理学psychologistn.[C]心理学家processn.[C]过程;进程NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEpersonalityn.1.[C]名人2.[C,U]性格intensifyv.

(使)增强,(使)加强

geniusn.1.[C]天才2.[U]天赋philosophyn.[U]哲学invention

n.1.[U]发明2.[C]发明物logicn.[U]逻辑推理signaln.[C]信号,暗号dramatica.1.引人注目的2.戏剧的composev./vt.创作/由···组成occupyvt.1.使忙于2.占用(时间,空间)NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEflingvt.

1.突然地移动2.猛扔;抛couchn.[C]长沙发miraclen.[C]奇迹mighty

a.强大的,巨大的orchestra

n.

[C]管弦乐队orchestral

a.管弦乐的;管弦乐队的contrastn.[C,U]对照;差异combinev.

(使)结合;(使)联合combinationn.[C,U]结合,合并;组合物surgevi.汹涌;涌现mathematiciann.[C]数学家NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEstable

a.稳定的existence

n.[U]存在observe

vt.观察;注意到

explosion

n.[C]1.爆发;爆炸2.激增exemplifyvt.举例说明certainty

n.[U]确定;确定性,必然性enthusiasm

n.[U]热情;积极性representative

a.典型的,有代表性的count

v.记数,点数目countless

a.无数的,不计其数的NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEsourcen.[C]源泉,来源instinctive

a.

(出于)本能的

responsiblea.

1.是···的原因2.有责任的disorganizevt.

使混乱,打乱disorganizeda.杂乱无章的;无计划的elementn.[C]元素;成分sleeponsth.

暂时不作决定

agiftfromthegods

天赐;走运的机会

dependon

依靠,依赖writedown

写下来NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCEbeoccupiedwith

忙于做,专心于seekfor

寻找asthough

好像takeshape

成形putinto

(以···方式)表达atwork

在起作用arriveat

达成(协议),得出(结论)searchfor

搜索,寻找fillsb.withsth.

使充满(感情)

RichardWagner

理查德·瓦格纳(作曲家)

NewWords&Expressions课文分析课文阅读随笔Back小结预习写作导入NHCERhinegold《莱茵河的黄金》Spezia斯佩齐亚(意大利的港市)HenriPoincare

亨利·庞加莱(法国数学家)

Fuchsianfunctions富克斯函数Descartes

笛卡尔(法国数学家)1.flashv.

①(ofanidea)comesuddenlyI.WordUsinge.g.

Agoodideaflashedintohermind.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing②tomoveveryfast;topasssuddenlyThecarflashedbysoquicklythatIcould

ensifyv.

tomakeorbecomestronger同根词intensityn.

laborintensityaminorearthquakewithamaximumintensityofthree最大强度为三度的轻微地震劳动强度ensivecareintensivetraining

重病特别护理强化训练WordsandExpressions—WordUsingWordsandExpressions—WordUsing3.dramatica.

veryobvious,sudden,exciting,ornotexpectede.g.Yourlifewillhaveadramaticchangewhenyouhaveababy.Tposev.

tocreateorproduceDuringhislife,Beethovenmainlycomposed9symphonies,32pianosonatasand17stringquartets.e.g.Couldyounamesomeof

Beethoven’scompositions?UseItWordsandExpressions—WordUsingTipsTipsWordsandExpressions—WordUsingSymphony9WordsandExpressions—WordUsingWordsandExpressions—WordUsing5.contrastn.anobviousdifferencebetweentwoormorethingse.g.Thecontrastbetweenthisyear’shighprofitsandlastyear’sbiglossesisreallyquitestriking.Translation黑色家具与白色墙壁形成很有意思的对比。KeyTheblackfurnishingsprovideaninterestingcontrasttothewhitewalls.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing5.contrastv.toshowadifferencewhencomparede.g.Ifyoucontrastsomeoftheearlywritingwithherlaterworkyoucanseejusthowmuchsheimproved.Phrasesin/bycontrastincontrastwith/toWordsandExpressions—WordUsing6.stablea.notlikelytomoveorchangee.g.Shewassaidtobeinastableconditionfollowingthehearttransplantoperation.同根词stabilitystabilizee.g.Hesufferedasecondheartattacktwodaysagobuthisconditionhasnowstabilized.7.observev.

Whatdoes“observe”meaninthefollowingsentences?Theroleofscientistsistoobserveanddescribetheworld,nottocontrolit.2.Didyou

observe

anythingstrangeinthat

student’sbehavior?3.Alltheserulesmustbestrictlyobserved.4.InAustralia,peopleobserveChristmasDay

insummer.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

8.explosionn.

asuddenburstingoutTheexplosionwasofsuchintensitythatitwasheardfivemilesaway.explorationexpansionexpectationexpense近形词

WordsandExpressions—WordUsingPractice

e.g.Amini-testIn1492,Columbussetoutonthevoyageof____whichledtohisdiscoveryoftheNewWorld.A)explorationB)expansionC)expectationD)expenseWordsandExpressions—WordUsing2.Consideringtheproblemshe’shadtherecanbelittle____ofhimwinningtherace.A)explorationB)expansionC)expectationD)expense9.representativea.

beinglikeorcommontoothersofthesameclasse.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsingIngeneral,anythingrepresentativeofa

nation’sglorioushistory,herbraveand

creativespirit,orheruniqueinsightsintotheworldisvaluedasthesymbolofherculture.Areyouropinionsrepresentativeofthoseofotherstudents?代表者，代理人；代表物，典型；(美）众议员9.representativen.Thefirmhastworepresentatives

ineveryEuropeancity.e.g.同根词

representWordsandExpressions—WordUsing9.representv.tobeasignorsymbolofsth.长城代表着我国古代人民的勤劳和智慧。TranslationTheGreatWallrepresentsthehard-workingspiritandwisdomofancientChinesepeople.KeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsingStructureSurveyReadthroughthetext,andfillintheblankswiththemissinginformation.I.UnderstandingIntextA,theauthorarguesthatinspirationscomefromtheunconscious.Tomakehisargumentconvincing,hecitedseveralexamples.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartOne(Paras.1–3):IntroductionAccordingtotheauthor,goodideascomefrom__________________,a______________termusedtodescribe________________thatremainunknowntotheindividual.Manygreatcreativepersonalitiesindifferentfieldexperienced___________________________inanintensifiedform.theunconsciouspsychologicalmentalprocessesthesuddenarrivalofanewideaTextStudy—UnderstandingSubject:________________________________Example1Example2Example3RichardWagnerHenriPoincareDescartesInspirationscomefromtheunconscious.1.StructureAnalysisofPartTwo(Paras.4–6)

Example1RichardWagner,thegreatGerman_________,

hadbeenoccupiedwiththeideaofcomposing

theopeningto“Rhinegold”forseveralyears.

composerTextStudy—UnderstandingWhenatlasttheorchestralopening,forwhichhis____________mindhadbeenseekingforsolong,tookshapewithinhim,his_________mindatthemomentofcreationknew________oftheactualprocessbywhichthesolutionwasfound.Anewideamay______intotheconsciousmind.unconsciousconsciousnothingflashTextStudy—UnderstandingExample2ThediscoveryofFuchsianFunctionsby

HenriPoincareshowsthatthe_________

mindmay_______the___________mindatwork.consciousobserve

unconsciousTextStudy—UnderstandingExample3Itwas_________thatDescartes,thefamousFrenchphilosopher,discoveredthekeypointinhis__________—cogitoergosum,whichmeans___________________inEnglish.inadreamphilosophyIthink;therefore,IexistTextStudy—UnderstandingPartThree(Para.7):ConclusionTheunconsciousisthe________oftheinstinctivethinkinganditis__________fornew_________concepts.sourceresponsibleorganizedTextStudy—Understanding2.Thewaytodevelopparagraphs:

contrastUsingcomparisonorcontrastisacommonwayinwritingparagraphs.Thephraseslike“asacontrast”,“by/incontrast”,“by/incomparison”,“onthecontrary”,“while”,“however”,“nevertheless”or“unlike”areoftenusedtomaketheparagraphscoherentandsmooth.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisAnalyzehowcontrastisusedbytheauthortodescribetheformingofWagner’sandHenriPoincar’sbrightideas.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPara.4Para.5Thesubject:Thesubject:AstoryaboutRichardWagner,acomposer.AstoryaboutHenriPoincareasacontrasttothatof

Wagner.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPara.4TextStudy—StructureAnalysisTheprocessofformingbigideas:Theprocessofformingbigideas:Para.5…couldnotsleep……atlastthemiraclehappened……buthearrivedatnoresult……contrarytohis……manyideas…Para.4Para.5Theresult:Theresult:Theconsciousmindknewnothingoftheactualprocessesbywhichthesolutionwasfound.Theconsciousmindobservedthenewcombinationsbeingformedintheunconscious.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisOfcourse,

all

ideas

don’t

occurlikethatbutsomanydo,particularlythemostimportantones.(L5)Note部分否定:代词all与not搭配使用时,表示部分否定,意为“并非都是,不是每个都是”等。(examples)1.33334441当然，并非所有的思想都是这样产生的，但许多思想的产生确实如此，尤其是那些最为重要的思想。

Allisnotgoldthatglitters.Allthatglittersisnotgold.发光的并非都是金子。②

Opportunitiescometoall,butallarenot

readyforthemwhentheycome.机会是均等的，人人都有，但不见得在机会到来时人人都能准备好去接受它。e.g.①Whichtranslationiscorrect?这两部电影我都不喜欢。Idon’tlikebothofthefilms.Ilikeneitherofthefilms.英语中表示全部否定时常用等词。no,none,nobody,nothing,neither,never,nowhereNote除了all之外,可与not搭配构成部分否定结构的代词还有:等,这种结构往往构成翻译陷阱。

Everybodycannotenjoysymphonies.并非每个人都能欣赏交响乐。e.g.both,every,everybody,everyone,many，everythingPractice:Idon’tknowbothofthem.Everybodywon’tlikethat.Idon’trememberallthesewords.Hedoesn’tknoweverythingaboutit.Allthenewsisnottrue.Neitherofthefilmisinteresting.2....itiseasiesttoexamineitinthegreat

creativepersonalities,

manyofwhom

experienceditinanintensifiedformand

havewrittenitdownintheirlifestoriesandletters.(L14)Many这在那些富有创造性的天才人物身上最显而易见。他们中的许多人对这种经历有着强烈的感受。名词(代词或数词)+of+whom结构(examples)Manyofthehighlycreativepersonshadexperiencesofthissortandfeltitseffectsstrongly,asyoucanfindintheirlifestoriesandletters,sotheircaseiseasiesttostudyandunderstand.介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词Shehadfivechildren,wholiveduptogrowupShehadfivechildren,threeofwhomlivedtogrowup

Thebookcontains50poems,

mostofwhich

werewrittenin1930’s.

Therearetwoleft,

oneofwhich

isalmost

finishedand

theotherofwhich

isnotquite.e.g.

Ourclassconsistsof50members,

15of

whom

arefemale.Translatethefollowingsentences篮子里有很多苹果，其中的一些坏了我们班有五十个学生，大多数都来自北京直到现在，他已经写了十部小说了，其中三部是关于乡村生活的。3.

Alltrulycreativeactivitiesdependinsome

degreeonthesesignalsfromtheunconscious,

and

themorehighlyinsightful

theperson,

thesharperandmoredramatic

thesignals

become.(L20)一切真正创造性的活动似乎都在某种程度上依赖于潜意识中的这些信号；一个人洞察力越强，这些信号就越鲜明、越富有戏剧性。Youmusthavebecomeinsomedegreeattachedtothehouse.Thebackwardnessofeducationinthisareais,insomedegree,duetolackofqualifiedteachersIneconomicmattersEuropeandAmericaweretosomeextentrivalsProductionoffruitandvegetableshasalsoriseninvaryingdegrees.Translation①你开始得越早，就完成得越快。②你认识的人越多，你能用于见他们的时间就越少。Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyou’llfinish.Themorepeopleyouknow,