新概念英语第一册第89-90

Lesson89

Forsale本课内容单词学习课文讲解练习日常用语口语练习作业单词学习believe v.相信，认为may 可以howlong 多长since prep.自从why adv.为什么sell v.卖，出售because conj.因为retire v.退休cost v.花费pound n.英镑worth prep.值……钱penny n.便士★believev.相信，认为，想believesb相信某人的话believeinsb.信任某人我不相信你说的话。Idon’tbelieveyou.我们互相信任。Webelieveineachother.你应该信上帝。YoushouldbelieveinGod.believethat……我认为他是诚实的Ibelievethatheishonest.believeitornot(口语)Webelievethathewillsucceed.我们相信他会成功。Ibelievehimtobehonest.我认为他是诚实的。believe/believein/trustbelieve表示“相信”、“信以为真”（toacceptastrue）之意，它是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语。例：Doyoubelievehisreports？你相信他的报告吗？Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes．我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。Inancienttimesitwasbelievedthattheearthwasflat．古时候，人们认为地球是扁平的。believein则表示“信仰”、“信任”（tohavefaithinsomebodyorsomething）之意。其后的常用搭配语为：有关宗教、理论、原则、概念及可信任之人，如：areligion、ghosts、fairies、atheory、afriend等词；上例中的believe为不及物动词。如：Wedonotbelieveinghosts．我们不信鬼神。Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise．他相信多锻炼身体就会有好处。InthedaysoftheFrenchRevolution，peoplebelievedinliberty，equalityandfraternity．

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[ɪ'kwɒlɪtɪ][frə'tɜːnɪtɪ]法国大革命时代的人们信奉自由、平等及博爱。trustvt.&vi.相信，信任;多表示相信某人的品德，为人和能力，侧重人品Wehavealwaystrustedhim.我们一直都很相信他。现在试比较下列两语的不同涵义：Ibelievehim．（=Ibelievewhathesays）我相信他（的话）。Ibelieveinhim．（=Itrusthim）我相信他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他）在英美人的谈话中，经常可以听到这么一句口头禅——Believeme：这是一个用以表示希望对方相信自己谈话的口头语，它相当于Ibet或Takemywordforit。例：Believeme，youwillgetwellverysoon．你一定会很快就恢复健康的。Believeme可以根据不同的场合，译作“真的”、“我不骗你”、“一定会”或“请相信”。summarybelieve后跟人或话语，表示相信某人的话。侧重相信某人所说的话/所做的事believein信任宾语有能力，能带来福祉等。trust与believein意思差不多，但语气较重，表示“深信不疑”。belive为相信，偏重对某事，在某件事上“相信”什么。trust为信任，偏重对人，对某人的人品的“信任”★sellv.卖，出售我把我的车卖给了他。Isoldmycartohim.我把我的车以5000元卖给了他。Isoldmycartohimfor5000yuan.★sale[seil]n.卖，促销forsale待售，预售onsale打折salesman推销员salesmanager销售经理★retire①v.退休；离职不久他将退休，结束其航海生涯。He’sgoingtoretiresoonfromthesea.②v.退出；退隐他周末通常退隐到他那个乡间别墅生活Heoftenretirestohiscountryhouseatweekends.女士们离席退出，先生们则继续喝酒聊天。Theladiesretired,andthegentlemenwentondrinkingandchatting.★costv.花费（物体做主语）这件外套30美元Thecoatcosts$30.这个房子多少钱？Howmuchdoesthishousecost?payfor……我花了30美元买这件外套。Ipaid$30onthiscoat.spendon他花很多钱用于买书Hespendsalotofmoneyonbooks.★worth①prep.相当于……价值，值……钱这条项链值多少钱？Howmuchisthenecklaceworth?everypennyofit确实值得……钱这件外套确实值这些钱。Thiscoatiswortheverypennyofit.②prep.具有……价值；值得beworthdoing值得……这本书值得一读Tveone’sworth证明某人的价值★pennyTakecareofthepence,andthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.留意小钱,大钱自来;小事留意,大事自成Apennyforyourthoughts.你呆呆地在想些什么呢?Inforapenny,inforapound.既为一文钱,就为一贯钱;一旦开始做,就做到底;一不做,二不休pencefromheaven天上掉下来的钱,意外的好运retireV.退休

thepastform:

retired

retireda.退休的Mygrandpa__________________for25years.Hehasbeena________worker,hasbeenretiredretiredthepastparticiple

form:retiredHowtoremembertheword?Myfatheristootiredandhewantstoretire.句型转换：Theyretiredin1996.They___________since_____/for_________.haveretired199614yearsforsalen.待售1.Thecoatisforsale.2.Thehandbagisforsale.3.Theshoesareforsale.4.Thetrousersareforsale.Conclusion:(1)thesingularform(thecoat,thehandbag)+is+forsale(2)thepluralform(trousers,shoes)+are+forsalecostv.花费thepastform:costthepastparticiple

form:cost￥400￥

350￡68,500Howmuchisthishouse?Howmuchdoesthishousecost?Thehouseisforsale.Itcosts___.Theshoesareforsale.Theycost___.Thehandbagisforsale.Itcosts____.Doesthehousecost___?Dotheshoescost___?Doesthehandbagcost___?￡68,500It’swortheverypennyofit.prep.值……钱It’sworth￡68,500.It\They\Sthbeworth+price.1pound=pennies\pencepenny￡1≈￥9.8491pound100Exercise:1.that,be,worth,pairofshoes,￡322Thatpairofshoesisworth￡322.2.these,be,worth,shoes,￡322Theseshoesareworth￡322.Let’sfillintheblanks.Myfather-Ianhasjust______.Hewantstosellhishouse.Somyfather’shouseis___________.”Howmuchishishouse?”Ithas_____￡68,500.Butmyfatherbelievesthatit’s____every____ofit.retiredforsalecostworthpenny

NIGEL：Goodafternoon.Ibelieve

that

thisishouseisforsale.IAN:That'sright.beforsale有待出售Thishouseisforsale.beonsale打折Thedressesareonsale.动词：sell（sold,sold）联想：salesman,salesmanagerbelieve+that从句Ibelievethatthisnewsiswrong.2.believe+sb.Don’tbelievehim,Jimmywillhelpus.联想：believein=trust信任

NIGEL：MayIhavealookatit,

please？IAN：

Yes,ofcourse.Comein.MayI…?比较正式的提出请求。MayIcomein?（firsttime）较熟悉后就可说：CanIcomein？24

NIGEL：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere？IAN：

I'veliveherefortwentyyears.NIGEL：Twentyyear！

That'salongtime.用完成时来表示持续的动作或状态，常和for,since连用。HowlonghaveyoustudiedinNewIdeaSchool?—I’vestudiedthereforfouryears.可延续性动词有：live,be,study,teach,wait25

IAN：

Yes,

I'vebeenheresince1976.NIGEL：Thenwhydoyouwanttosellit？IAN：

BecauseI'vejustretired.Iwanttobuyasmallhouseinthecountry.26NIGEL：Howmuchdoesthishousecost？IAN：

$68,500.NIGEL：That’salotofmoney!IAN：It’swortheverypennyofit.=“Howmuchisthishouse?”cost：物作主语Thecoatdoesn’tcost50Yuan.2.spend：人作主语Ispent50Yuanonthiscoat.一分钱一分货。第一个“it”指“house”，第二个“it”指“money”。27NIGEL：Well,

Ilikethehouse.butIcan'tdecideyet.Mywifemustseeitfirst.IAN：

Womenalwayshavethelastword.decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.makeupone’smind下定决心课文讲解Ibelievethatthishouseisforsale.=Ithinkthat.../Isupposethat...宾语从句I’mafraidthat.../Ihopethat...我担心我要迟到了。I’mafraidthatIwillbelate.我认为到明年的这个时候我会升职的。IthinkthatIwillgetapromotionatthistimeofnextyear.forsale供出售，有待出售。onsale减价出售。MayIhavealookatit?havealookat=lookat看一看我想看一下那张地图。Iwanttohavealookatthatmap.正式提出请求：MayI...?我能进来吗？MayIcomein?较为随意的请求方法：CanI...?CanIcomein？-Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?-I’velivedherefortwentyyears.

现在完成时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在。“for+时间段”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语。你在那个学校多久了？我在那里学习了2年了。-Howlonghaveyoustudiedinthatschool?-I’vestudiedtherefortwoyears.Howmuchdoesthishousecost?询问价格的常用语。cost的主语是物（花费人多少钱）也可以说Howmuchisthishouse?这些书多少钱？Howmucharethesebooks?Howmuchdothesebookscost?你那条裙子多少钱？Howmuchisyourdress?Howmuchdoesyourdresscost?cost、pay、spend和take的区别spend，cost，take和pay的区别是历年中、高考试题的必考内容之一，虽然它们都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.

这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.

造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……。例：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.

他的钱用来买书了。cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱

某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.

买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋时间,

某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.

他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.

做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.

他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doingsth.takessb.＋时间

做某事花了某人多少时间。例：

Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.

他花了一下午修车。pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买……。例：Ihavetopay(them)20poundsforthisroom

eachmonth.

我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的钱。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.

我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替某人付钱。例：Don'tworry!

I'llpayforyou.

别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)paysb.付钱给某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.

他们每月给我们报酬。（5）paymoneyback还钱。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.

你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。（6）payoffone'smoney还清钱。Summary(1)spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：（sb）spendsomemoney/sometimeonsth.(sb)spendsomemoney/sometime(in)doingsth.例如：Ispentfiftyyuanonthecoat.=Ispentfiftyyuan(in)buyingthecoat.我花50元买了这件大衣。Hespentthreedaysonthework.=Hespendthreedays(in)doingthework.我干这项工作用了3天。(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是：Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth＝Sth.takessb.sometime.例如：Ittookmethreeyearstodrawthebeautifulhorses.画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。Theworkwilltakemetwodays.这项工作花了2天时间。(3)pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)

例如：Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.

我花50元买了这件大衣。Hehaspaidthedoctor50poundsforthemedicine.

他买药已付医生50英镑。Howmuchdidyoupayhim?

你付他多少钱？take一般用it做主语，

Ittakes+sb．+时间（或钱）todosth．

spend一般是人做主语，

sb.spend…onsth．/indoingsth．cost的主语必须是某物（doing）sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱/时间pay一般是人做主语，

往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth

或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)It’swortheverypennyofit.前一个it代指house，后一个it代指money。Ican’tdecideyet.这里yet也可以用于现在时否定句中，表示“迄今仍未”。下定决心decidetodosth.makeupone’sminddeterminetodosth.我决定要去云南旅行。Womenalwayshavethelastword.注意这里的word是“话”的意思，不要写成words。havethelastword=havethefinalsay最后说了算。老板总是最后说的算的。Bossalwayshasthelastword.Lesson90

Haveyou...yet?practice模仿例句提问，并做出否定回答。Hereadthisbooklastweek.Didhereadthisbooklastweek?Hedidn’treadthisbooklastweek.1.Thesunsetattwentypastseven.2.Heatehislunchatoneo’clock.3.Theydidtheirhomeworklastnight.2023/2/5Didthesunsetattwentypastseven?Itdidn’tsetattwentypastseven.Didheeathislunchatoneo’clock?Hedidn’teathislunchatoneo’clock.Didtheydotheirhomeworklastnight?Theydidn’tdotheirhomeworklastnight.4.Hecamebycarthismorning.5.Thesunroseathalfpastfive.6.Weswamacrosstheriveryesterday.模仿例句回答问题。Didyoureadthisbooklastweek?Yes,Ireadthisbooklastweek.WhataboutPenny?Hehasn’treadthisbookyet.2023/2/5Didhecomebycarthismorning?Hedidn’tcomebycarthismorning.Didthesunriseathalfpastfive?Thesundidn’triseathalfpastfive.Didyouswimacrosstheriveryesterday?Wedidn’tswimacrosstheriveryesterday.1.Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight?WhataboutTom?2.DidMrs.Jonesgotothebutcher’sthismorning?WhataboutMrs.Willams?2023/2/5Yes,Ididmyhomeworklastnight.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.Yes,shewenttothebutcher’thismorning.Shehasn’tbeenthereyet.3.Didyouspeaktohimyesterday?WhataboutSusan?4.DidGeorgeswimacrosstheriveranhourago?WhataboutSan?2023/2/5Yes,Ispoketohimyesterday.Shehasn’tspokentohimyet.Yes,heswamacrosstheriveranhourago.Hehasn’tswumacrosstheriveryet.5.Didyouseethatfilmyesterday?WhataboutSanandPenny?6.DidTomtakeoffhisshoesamomentago?WhataboutFrank?2023/2/5Yes,Isawthatfilmyesterday.Theyhaven’tseenthatfilmyet.Hehasn’ttakenhisshoesyet.Yes,hetookoffhisshoesamomentago.Homework:

1.听录音三十分钟2.朗读背诵课87—883.听写87—88，错词51114.完成87—88课的一课一练2023/2/5practice1Theyhavealreadyarrivedattheairport.2)ShehaslivedinBeijingsince2000.Theyhaven’tarrivedattheairportyet.Havetheyarrivedattheairportyet?Y