自考高英上课件Lesson 3 the use of force

LessonthreeTheUseofForceSESSIONONE:PREVIEW2InMay1963,hewasposthumouslyawardedthePulitzerPrize

forPicturesfromBrueghelandOtherPoems(1962)andtheGoldMedalforPoetryoftheNationalInstituteofArtsandLetters.WilliamCarlosWilliamsDiscussWhatisthestoryabout?Doyouthinkthelittlegirlisspoiledornot?IsthereanydifferencebetweentheEastandtheWestwhenthegirl’sbehaviorisconcerned?4WordsandexpressionsApologetic:adj.道歉的认错的,辩护的

ApologeticMovementJesusApologetic耶稣会Apologeticshrug/speech/statementsApologize:v.道歉认错forsthtosbApology:n.道歉

apoorapologymake/acceptanapologyApologyacceptedApologist(辩护者，护教论者=defender,justifier)Apprehensionn.畏惧，忧虑,逮捕Beundertheapprehensionthat…唯恐，担心…Entertain/haveapprehension(s)of/for:对…担心Apprehendv.逮捕，抓获，领会，理解；对…疑虑/担心Apprehensive,apprehensibleComprehend:理解，包含Comprehensive:综合的广泛的有理解力的Comprehension:理解包含Listeningcomprehensionisanactiveandcomplicatedcognitiveprocess.ComprehensiontestCoax:哄劝、劝诱coaxsb.todosth.诱哄某人去干（某事）odoingsth.诱哄某人去干（某事）coaxsth.outofsb.哄骗某人东西Theproblemisnooneknowshowtocoaxkidsintosleepingmore.Onthefourthday,theysaidtoSamson’swife,“coaxyourhusbandintoexplainingtheriddleforus,orwewillburnyouandyourfather’shouseholdtodeath”.TrickTricksbintodoingsthPlayatrickonsb;TrickortreatDesist

；停止，终止，控制，打消念头Desistfromsth/doingTheMinistryofInternalSecurityurgesyoutodesistfromsendingorforwardinganySMSthatmaycausepublicunrest.Insist：坚持，坚决主张Insiston/uponsth/doingEvenifthehosttellsyounottobringanything,itispolitetoinsistonbringingwine,atleast,asagiftinexchangefortheirhospitality.Resist:抵抗抗拒忍耐-resistanceHysterical:歇斯底里的，发狂般的Hysterian.狂躁症。癔症crazyMadinsaneLunaticOutofone’smindInstinctively

本能Instinctn.本能，天性Naturen.自然本质Byinstinct出于本能Have

aninstinctfor有……的天分生来就Oninstinct本能凭直觉Maternalinstinct母性本能Wechooseourfriendsbyinstinct,butwekeepthembyjudgment.Theseanimalshaveaninstinctfor/ofprotectingthemselvesfrombeingextinct.IninsideInwardInternalintrovertedOutoutsideOutwardExternalextrovertedMusclen.肌肉Musculara.肌肉的Masculinea.男性的阳刚的男子气概的Masculinityn.男性气概Over-Over过度…的Overpower制服压服OvereatOverdrinkOverstayOverstayone’swelcomeProfusionn.大量，丰富Inprofusion：agreatamount/quantityofsthTherosesinthegardengrowinprofusion.Hemakespromisesinprofusion,butneverrealizesthem.Profuseadj.丰富.generous,lavish,abundant,plentiful,rich,Thecriticswereprofuseintheirpraiseofthenewnovel.Hewasprofuseinhisthanksforthehelp.Beprofusewithone'smoneyCulturen.文化V.细胞培养（cultivate）DepressorV.depressDepressionTheGreatDepression勇敢英勇ValiantBrave------braveryCourageous------courage胆量NerveGutHavethenervetodosthHavegutstodosth有勇气做某事HOMEWORKreadthetexttrytounderstandthetextasmuchasyoucananswerthequestionsinExerciseA18SESSIONTWO:TEXTDiscussWhywasn’tthesickgirlinbed?Whywerethegirl’sparentseyeingthedoctorupanddowndistrustfully?Whatmadethegirlrefusetoopenhermouthtothedoctor?Whydidthedoctorinsistonexaminingherthroat?Didthegirl’sphysicalbeautyhaveanythingtodowiththeoutcomeoftheincident?Explain.Canyoufindanyfaultwiththedoctor’sbehavior?19Textanalysisandlanguagestudy1.startlev.todisturbsuddenlyassurpriseThenoisestartledmeoutofmysleep.Startlingstarlingnews/startlingdiscovery(disturbing,frightening)StartledSurprise,astonish,amazedampwetmoisthumid"潮湿的"Damp----"轻度潮湿,使人感觉不舒服的",Idon'tlikedampweather.wet指"含水分或其他液体的"、"湿的",如:bewettotheskinmoist指"微湿的"、"湿润的",常含"不十分干,此湿度是令人愉快的"意思,Grassesweremoistwithdew.Humid:正式用语,"空气中湿度大的",如:Intheeast,theairishumidinsummer.humidity3.Eyesb.upanddown上下打量.Observe,watch,lookattentivelyatTheyeyedthestrangerupanddown.glare(at),stare(at),glance(at)4.Beuptosb.todosth.:beone'sresponsibilitytodosth.由......负责做.......It’smydutytodoIt'suptoyoutobreakthenewstohim.It'suptothemtomakethechange.It’suptosb.由…决定Take

ashotatsth/doing尝试做某事Letmehaveashotatit.He'shavingashotatcookingthedinner.Thewonderfulshotsofgoalsareusuallyshownagaininslowmotion.shotn.射击开枪；射手，（球）射门；投篮发射宇宙飞船/火箭机会；努力；Shotsth/sbShotatsth/sbbigshot大人物，要员7.inmybestprofessionalmanner:以我最好的职业方式manner:awayofdoingthings做事情的方式manner:courtesy礼貌goodmanner有礼貌It'sbadmannertospeakwithyourmouthfull.InafriendlymannerInatimelymannerInamoney-efficientmannerInatime-consumingmannerIfonlyVSonlyifIfonly:要是……就好了强烈感情，几乎不可能实现Ifonlyhearrivesintime.Onlyif:惟有……才Onlyifaseriouscrisisshouldarise,thepublicwouldhavetobeinformedofitsfullimplication.Getsomewhere略有进展He'sfinallytoldustheprice—nowwe'regettingsomewhere!Wecan’tgetanywhereifwekeeponquarrellinglikethis.Getthere成功9.onthechance:countingontheslightpossibility怀着希望,也许可能ontheoffchance:抱着微弱的希望。Sheappliedontheoffchance.Heofferedtheinformationonthechancethatitmightproveuseful.10.admonish:towarnorcautiongently,toreportmildly训诫.Admonishsb.againststh.

劝诫......提防......:Theteacheradmonishedusagainstbeinglate.(=usnottobelate.)AdmonishsbofsthHeadmonishedhimoftheneedforsincerity.BredofInsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.bred:P.Pof"breed",bethecauseof造成eg:1.Warbreedsmiseryandruin.战争造成苦难与灾害.2.Wastegasofcarsbreedsairpollution.汽车的尾气造成空气污染.13.a.agony:extremeandprolongedsuffering极大的痛苦inagony处于痛苦之中pileuptheagony苦上加苦inanagonyofjoy悲喜交加Letgo:放手放弃Rose:IpromiseJack:Neverletgo.Rose:Ipromise.Iwillneverletgo,Jack.I'llneverletgo.15.clench:closetightlyHeclenchedthecigarinhisteeth.他用牙齿紧紧夹住香烟。Heclenchedhisfistsinfrustrations.他沮丧地紧握拳头。withclenchedteeth咬紧牙关Itriedtoholdmyselfdown.holddown:control,keepdownorunder控制1.Wemustholdpricesdown.我们必须控制物价.2.Slaveownersheldslavesdownbeforetheemancipation.奴隶获得解放之前受奴隶主的压迫.b."should+不定式完成体"在这里所表示的是一种非真实情况,表达了作者一种遗憾的感情色彩.Ishouldhavecomeearlier.我本该早点来。Heshouldhavetakenmyadvice.他本应接受我的建议。17.neglect=negligence疏忽neglect:paynoattentionortoolittleattentionto不(够)重视,注意.Youshouldn'tneglectyourhealth.Benignneglect善意的疏忽totalneglect完全疏忽case:theactualstateofthingsIfthat'sthecase,you'dbettergiveitup.如果情况确实如此,你最好放弃。18.goat：assault;beginorproceedvigorously攻击,开始,进发Thetworoostersaregoingateachother.Thestudentstendtogoattheirstudiesbeforetheexamination.20.overpower:1)overcome(someoneorsomething)bysuperiorforce压倒,制服2)affectorimpressdeeplyorpowerfully使......无法忍受.beoverpoweredbyheat(grief)炎热(悲痛)难忍Overwhelm:压倒，淹没，受打击，击溃be/actonthedefensive采取守势Inthisway,whiletheenemyisonexteriorlinesandontheoffensiveinstrategicoperations,hewillbeforcedtofightoninteriorlinesandonthedefensiveincampaignsandbattles.于是敌之战略作战上的外线和进攻，在战役和战斗的作战上，就不得不变成内线和防御。.这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，用冷漠的目光死死地盯着我，象要把我吃掉似的。Thechildwasfairlyeatingmeupanddownwithhercold,steadyeyes,andnoexpressiononherfacewhatever.2.这个女孩由于对我的恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的程度。Shesurelyrosetomagnificentheightsofinsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.3.在这个时候,谁都会叮嘱自己,无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。Thedamnedlittlebratmustbeprotectedagainstherownidiocy,onesaystoone’sselfatsuchtimes.4.那种想释放体能的渴望产生出一种非理智的、无法控制的愤怒与成人受辱的感觉。

Ablindfury,afeelingofadultshame,bredofalongingformuscularreleasearetheoperatives.

真题再现27.ButIhaveseenatleasttwochildrenlyingdeadinbedof______insuchcases,andfeelingthatImustgetadiagnosisnoworneverIwentatitagain.(200701)20070176．她的脸色通红、呼吸急促，我意识到她发高烧了。42.Summonedbytheteacher,heapproachedhisofficefullof______.（200710）A.apprehension B.distrust20081036.Thechildstrikeshisheadinthebathandfallsunconscious.Themansitsdownandwatcheshim______.37.Hertonguewascutandshewasscreaminginwild______shrieks.

SESSIONTHREE:EXERCISEExerciseB1.WhenIarrivedIwasmetbythemother，abigstartledlookingwoman，verycleanandapologeticwhomerelysaid，Isthisthedoctor？Andletmein.当我到达时，孩子的母亲迎接了我，这是一位看上去惊恐不安的妇人，衣着整洁却一脸忧伤的神色她只是说，这位就是医生吗？然后带我进了屋。ExerciseB2.Hetriedtogetup，butImotionedforhimnottobother，tookoffmyovercoatandstartedtolookthingsover.他父亲试图站起来，但我向他示意不用麻烦，然后我脱下外套开始检查。ExerciseB3.Asoften，insuchcases，theyweren'ttellingmemorethantheyhadto，itwasuptometotellthem；that'swhytheywerespendingthreedollarsonme.在这种情形下，他们通常不会提供太多的情况，而是等着我告诉他们病情，这就是为什么他们会在我身上花3美元。ExerciseB4.Ismiledinmybestprofessionalmannerandaskingforthechild'sfirstnameIsaid，comeon，Mathilda，openyourmouthandlet'stakealookatyourthroat.

我以医生特有的职业方式微笑着，叫着孩子的名字。我说，来吧，玛蒂尔达，张开嘴，让我看一下你的嗓子。ExerciseB5.

AsthatIgroundmyteethindisgust.Ifonlytheywouldn'tusetheword“hurt”Imightbeabletogetsomewhere.听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙，要是他们没用“伤害”这个词，我也许能做点什么，ExerciseB6.

Intheensuingstruggletheygrewmoreandmoreabject，crushed，exhaustedwhileshesurelyrosetomagnificentheightsofinsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.在接下来的“战斗”中他们越来越难堪，被摧垮了，直至精疲力竭。而这个女孩由于恐惧，她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的地步。ExerciseB7.

sheopenedupforaninstantbutbeforeIcouldseeanythingshecamedownagainandgrippedthewoodenbladebetweenhermolars.ShereducesittosplintersbeforeIcouldgetitoutagain.她张开了嘴，然而只是一瞬间，我还来不及看她又把嘴闭上了，没等我把它取出来，她的臼齿已经紧紧咬住了压舌板，并把压舌板咬成了碎片。8Thedamnedlittlebratmustbeprotectedagainstherownidiocy，onesaystoone'sselfatsuchtimes.

在这种时候，谁都会叮咛自己，无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动，也要违背她的意愿来保护她。

Exercisec1apprehension2terrifying3overpowering4contemptible5motioned6profusion7ensuing8coaxExerciseD

1.Thegirllookedatthedoctor(terrifyingly,terrified).PS:形容人ED,形容事/物ING.Terrifyingly:extremelyfrightening;scary(表主动)Terrified:veryfrightened;scared(表被动)ExerciseD2.“Ifyoufinishallthehomeworktonight,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow,”he(admonished,coaxed).Admonish:(formal)totellsomeoneseverelythattheyhavedonesomethingwrongCoax:topersuadesomeonetodosomethingthattheydonotwanttodobytalkingtotheminakind,gentle,andpatientwayExerciseD

3.Hethoughttheirbehaviorwas(contemptuous,contemptible),buthedidn’tsayanythinginfrontofthehost.Contemptuous:feelingorshowingthatyouthinksomeone鄙视的，蔑视的，表示轻蔑的。

Shegavehima~look鄙夷地看了一眼.You’re~ofeverythingIdo.

你对我做的一切都不屑一顾Contemptible:notdeservinganyrespectatall

可轻蔑的，可鄙的，卑劣的

~behavior卑劣的行径ExerciseD4.Summonedbytheboss,heapproachedhisofficefullof(apprehension,distrust).Apprehension:anxietyaboutthefuture,especiallyaboutdealingwithsomethingunpleasantordifficult;anxietyDistrust:afeelingthatyoucannottrustsomeoneExerciseDHewassincerelysorryforwhathappenedattheparty,sopeopleacceptedhis(excuse,apology).Excuse:areasonthatyougivetoexplaincarelessoroffensivebehavior;areasonthatyouinventtoexplainanactionandtohideyourrealintentionsApology:somethingthatyousayorwritetoshowthatyouaresorryfordoingsomethingwrongExerciseD6.Theywerewalkingintheforestwhentheyhearda(terrifying,terrific)roar,whichmadetheirbloodfreeze.Terrifying:extremelyfrighteningTerrific:(informal)verygood,especiallyinawaythatmakesyoufeelhappyandexcited;verylargeinsizeordegree(在尺寸和程度上很大)

ExerciseD7.Obviouslytheyweregettingnowherewiththemeeting,sohedecidedto(desist,resist)frommakingafinaldecisionthatafternoon.Desist:(formal)tostopdoingsomething(跟from搭配)Resist:tostopyourselffromhavingsomethingthatyoulikeverymuchordoingsomethingthatyouwanttodo(后面直接加动名词)

ExerciseD8.“Howcanyousaythatyoudon’twanttoseeyourgrandmother”thefather(admonished,coaxed).Admonish,coax:seenumber18ExerciseE1.makinganapology,expressingregret2.…itwasmyduty,itrequiredme…3.andlotsofpeopleherehavebeenill4.mybestsmileandmywordswereofnohelp.Theviewofthepossibility,inthehope…6.We'regoingtocompletetheexamination.7.Itoohadlostmysense.(Ibecameunreasonable)8.theviolentandunreasoningfeeling

ExerciseF

Mathildahadbeenillforthreedays.Hermotherhadgivenhersomemedicine(s),butit(they)didn"tdoanygood.Soshehadtoaskthedoctortocome.

Mathildahadbeenillforthreedays.Hermotherhadsendforadoctor,becausethekiddidn’tfeelbetterafterhermotherhadgivenhersomemedicinesMathildahadbeensickforthreedays.Hermotherhadgivenhersomemedicine(s),butit(they)didn’twork.Therefore,theyhadtocalladoctor.

Astherehadbeenanumberofcasesofdiphtheriaintheschooltowhichthegirlwentandtwochildrenhadalreadydiedofit,thedoctor,arrivingattheOlson’s,neededtoexamineMachida'sthroatfirst.SincesomestudentshadgotdiphtheriaintheschoolwhereMathildawentand

twoofthemhadalreadydied,thedoctorneededtolookoverherthroatfirstassoonashearrivedattheOlson’s.Assoonashearrived,thedoctoraskedtocheckthegirl'sthroatfirst,becauseithappenedtherehadbeensomepupilssufferingfromdiphtheriainMathilda’sschooland

twoofthemhaddiedofit.

Butnomatterhowtheycoaxed,shewouldn’topenhermouth.Sothedoctorhadtogetatonguedepressorintohermouth.Buthoweverhecoaxed,sherefusedtoopenhermouth.Thusthedoctorhadtotrytoputatonguedepressorintohermouth.Butnomatterhowhardtheytriedtocoax,shejustrefusedtoopenhermouth.Sothedoctortriedtoinsertatonguedepressorintohermouth.

Mathilda,however,reducedittosplinters.InordertoprotectMathildaherselfandotherchildren,thedoctorhadtofindoutwhethershehaddiphtheriaornot,sothathecouldcureitintime.However,Mathildareduceditintosplinters.Forherownprotectionandothers’,thedoctorhadtomakeclearwhetherMathildahaddiphtheriaornot,sothathewasabletotreatherintime.However,Mathildashouldhavereduceditintosplinters.InordertoprotectMathildaherselfandotherkids,thedoctorneededtofindoutwhethershegotdiphtheriaornot,soastooffertreatmentintime.

Therefore,heaskedMathilda"sfathertoholdbothherwrists,andhehimselfforcedthechildtoopenhermouth.Andthereitwas-shereallyhaddiphtheria.

Soheaskedherfathertoholdbothherwrists,andhehimselfforcedhermouthopen.

Itwasfoundthatshedidhaddiphtheria.Sohetoldherfathertoseizeherbyherwristsandhehimselfgothermouthopen.Andthereitwas-shedidhaddiphtheria.

Thestorymakesusknowthatinourlife,youcannotcountonothers’willingnessforeverythingandthattheuseofforceseemsanecessityincertaincases.Thestorysetsusthinkingaboutthis:Noteverythinginlifecandependonothers’willingnessanditseemsnecessarytousesomeforceundercertaincircumstances.

Thestoryremindsusthateveninreallife,noteverythingisdonetoyouwill,andthatitseemsverynecessarytouseforceincertainsituations.1-3reviewItistheyalonewhocombineinventionandexaggeration,reasonandmotion,wordandsound,musicandpo