2023年同等学力申硕英语大纲

同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试大纲(第六版)

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一、指导思想

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本考试大纲规定通过教学使学生具有较好的用英语获取信息的能力和一定的用英语传递信息的能力。这就规定考生具有较强的阅读理解能力，一定的口语交际能力和语篇信息解决能力，同时也必须具有一定的英译汉能力和写作能力。本考试旨在测试考生是否达成大纲所规定的各项规定和具有大纲所规定的各项语言运用能力。

二、评价目的

本考试重点考察考生的英语口语交际、阅读、语篇完形解决、英译汉和写作等技能(由于技术上的因素,本考试暂时取消听力测试，口语交际技能的测试采用书面形式进行。考生听力能力的测试由各院校在考生学习期间进行)。考生应在词汇知识、语法知识、口语交际能力、阅读理解能力、语篇完形解决能力、英译汉能力和写作能力等方面分别达成以下规定:

(一）词汇

掌握约6

000个英语词汇和约700个常用词组。对６

0００个词汇中的2

８0０个左右的积极词汇规定纯熟掌握，即能在口语交际和写作中准确地运用；其余词汇则规定能在阅读、语篇完形解决和英译汉等过程中辨认和理解。

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(二）语法

掌握英语的基本语法知识、常用句型和结构，能对的理解包含这些知识、句型和结构的句子和语篇。

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(三)口语交际

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能用英语进行平常口语交流。对于生活、学习和工作中的常见英语交流，能理解交流情景、说话人的意图和会话的含义，并能运用相应的知识和判断进行恰当的交流。能对的理解英语口语中常见的习惯用法。

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(四)阅读

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能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能读懂一般性题材的文章、广告等应用性文本和博客及跟帖等互动形式的阅读材料。规定能抓住大

意，读懂细节,能理解上下文的逻辑关系,并能领略和分辨作者或话语参与各方的重要意图和态度及其异同等。

（五)语篇完形解决

在理解阅读材料的基础上能综合运用词汇、语法、搭配、语段、篇章逻辑等方面的知识和上下文等对语篇各层次的信息进行对的判断和完型解决。

(六)英译汉

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能在不借助词典的情况下,把一般性题材的文章及科普文章中的段落从英语译成汉语，能准确表达原文的意思,语句通顺,用词基本对的,无重大语言错误。

(七)写作

具有用书面英语表达思想和见解的基本能力。所写文章应切合主题,能对的表达思想,意义连贯，无重大语言错误。

三、题型、题量、分值及参考答题时间

本考试所制定的试卷共有七个部分,涉及口语交际、词汇、阅读理解、完形填空、短文完毕、英译汉和写作。卷面满分为100分,考试时间共计150分钟。

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第一部分

口语交际

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本部分共设10题，每题１分，考试时间为15分钟。本部分涉及

Ａ、B两节,A节为完毕对话,Ｂ节为完毕访谈或问答等。在每段对话、访谈或问答等口语转写材料中设立3—4个空白，并在材料前给出同等数量的出自材料自身的备选答案。规定考生从备选答案中为每个空白选出一个最佳答案，使转写材料完整。

第二部分

词汇

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本部分共设10题,每题１分,考试时间为1０分钟。本部分设选择替换和选择填空两种题型，每次考试只采用其中一种。选择替换规定考生根据句意对句中带下画线的一个词或词组进行替换选择，即从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳替换词或词组。选择填空规定考生根据句意对句中的一个空白进行填空选择,即从所给的4个备选答案中选出最佳答案并填人空白处，使句子完整。

第三部分

阅读理解

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本部分共设25题，每题1分，考试时间为４5分钟。本部分涉及

ﻫA、B两节,A节为段落阅读,B节的阅读形式可以是博客与跟帖或相关短文阅读、短文主题快凑、广告浏览等。A节规定考生在对阅读材料理解的基础上从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳答案。B节除了四选一以外，还可以在几份阅读材料的相应位置设立若干个空白，同时在它们前面提供同等数量的备选答案,规定考生根据考题指令从备选答案中为每个空白选出一个最佳答案。

第四部分

完形填空

本部分共设1０题，每题1分,考试时间为１0分钟。本部分在一篇难度适中的短文中设立1０个空白，每个空白给出4个备选答案,规定考生从所给备选答案中选出一个最佳答案,使短文完整。

第五部分

短文完毕

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本部分共设20题，每题１分，考试时间为20分钟。本部分共有３篇短文,每篇短文自身有３—４个空白。同时,每篇短文前面又设有3—4个带有1个空白的语言段。这些语言段前设有方框，其中为每个语言段的空白提供了相应的备选答案。短文和语言段共设立20个空白。本部分规定考生在理解短文和语言段的基础上完毕两项任务:一是从语言段前面的方框中所设的备选答案中选出一个最佳答案分别填人各个语言段的空白处,使相应的语言段完整；二是从短文前的3—4个语言段选项中选出一个最佳答案分别填人短文的相应空白处。两项任务完毕后应当使短文完整。

第六部分

英译汉

本部分规定考生把一段１00词左右的英语短文翻译成汉语，共１0分，考试时间为２0分钟。规定译文意思准确，文字通顺。

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第七部分

写作

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本部分规定考生在规定期间内,按照话题和提纲的规定用英语写出一篇不少于15０词的短文,共1５分,考试时间为30分钟。本部分的考试形式还可以是看图作文、描述图表或根据一篇所给的文章写出内容提纲或读后感等。四、题型、题量、记分及参考答题时间一览表

ﻫ同等学力申请硕士学位人员英语水平考试的题型、题量、记分及参考答题时间如下：

序

号

题

型

题

量分值时间Ⅰ

口语交际

10１0１５Ⅱ

词汇

101010

Ⅲ阅读理解252５45

Ⅳ完形填空

1０10１0Ⅴ短文完毕２0２020Ⅵ英译汉１00字１0２0Ⅶ写作1５0字1530总计100１502023HＹPEＲLINK""\t＂_blaｎｋ＂同等学力人员申请HYPERLＩNＫ＂"硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一ＰaｐeｒOnｅ(１0０minｕtｅs)PａrtIOrａlCoｍmuｎication(15minutes，10poiｎts）ＳectｉonADiｒectioｎs：InｔhissectｉｏntｈｅrｅａｒetwoinｃｏmpleｔｅdｉaｌoguｅsａndeacｈdiaｌｏguｅhastｈｒｅebｌanksandthreeｃhoｉcｅsA,BａｎdC,ｔakenfｒomthediaｌogue.FｉlｌineaｃhofｔhｅblaｎkswithoneofthｅｃhoiceｓtｏcompleｔetheｄiａｌｏguｅａndmａrkyｏｕｒaｎsweronthｅＡnswｅrSheet.DialoｇueOneA．Doｙｏuknｏwwhaｔahanｄicapｐedsｐaceis?B.Tｈesｉgｎｓaｌwaｙｓｔｅｌｌyouｈｏｗｌｏnｇyｏucａnparktｈereandonwhatdays.C.Ｔｈenyoualｓoｎeedtobeawareofｔｈｅtimｅｌiｍitsontheｓtrｅetsigｎs．Student:ＣanｙｏutｅllmewherｅIcaｎpark?Cｌｅｒk：Ａrｅyoudrｉvinｇaｍotoｒcyclｅoraｎaｕtomobilｅ?Stuｄeｎt:Iｄrｉｖｅanaｕtomoｂile．Ｃｌerk:Fine.Youcaneiｔhｅrparkiｎthestｕdentlotｏrontｈestreｅt.1Ｓｔudenｔ：Yes,Ihavｅseenthoｓespｏts．Clｅrｋ:Wｅｌｌ,ｗhｅnyｏuseetheｂlｕespoｔｓｗiththehanｄicaｐpedsign,donotｐａｒｋtｈerｅunlessｙｏuhaveaｓpecialpermit.Arｅyｏugoingtobepaｒkingintｈｅdａｙtiｍeorevening?Sｔuｄeｎｔ:Ipａrkiｎtheevｅniｎgs.Cleｒk:2Haveyｏuseenthoseｓigｎs?Student:Ｙeｓ,Iｈavｅseenｔｈoseｓigns.Clｅｒk:3.参考答案：ＡCBＤｉalｏgｕeTｗoA.Ｔheｈourｓａnｄliｍitａtioｎsａrｅpｒinｔｅｄoｎｔhｅcaｒdandtｈisｈanｄｏut.B.MａｙＩhaｖeｙoｕrdｒｉver’slｉｃeｎsｅ,please?Ｃ.Arｅyｏuｆaｍiliａｒwithouｒrulesaｎｄｆｉnes?Stｕdenｔ:Exｃｕseｍe．Iamｉntereｓtedingｅtｔingaｌｉbrａryｃａrd.Liｂraｒｉaｎ:Sure,lｅtｍｅgivｅyouaｎａpplicatioｎ．Yoｕcanfillitｏutriｇhｔheｒeａｔtｈecounｔeｒ.Sｔｕdent:Ｔhankyou．I’ｌldoｉtｒightnｏw．Lｉbrａrian：Leｔmetａkeａｌoｏkａtthisforyｏu.4Stｕｄent:Hereｉtｉs.Ｌibraｒian:Youseemｔoｈａvｅfilledtheformouｔallriｇht.__5＿_Sｔudent:Yｅs．Iknowwhａｔtｏｄo.Lｉbrａrian:____6_＿_＿Ｓｔudｅnt:OＫ．Ｉsee．Ｌｉbrariaｎ:Tｈankyｏuｆorjｏinｉnｇthelibrary;Welｏｏkforｗaｒdtoservｉｎgyou．参考答案BCASectionBDirecｔiｏns：IｎtｈiｓsectｉonthereisoneincｏｍpleｔeｗｈichhasfourblａnksａndfourchｏicesA，Ｂ,CａｎdD,tａkｅnfrｏｍtｈeinterview.FillineａｃｈoｆｔhｅblaｎksｗｉｔhonｅofthｅchoicestｏcｏｍpletetheintｅｒｖiｅｗａndmaｒkyoｕrａnｓweｒｏntｈｅAｎswｅｒSｈeet.A.Andｆooledtheboyｓforａｗhile.B.AnｄＩdon’tｔｈinkthｅｂoyshaveminded．C.Well,iｔ’sｂｅcaｕseｍyBｒitishpublisher.D.AlｌthｉstimeIthoｕgｈtyｏuweｒｅ‘Ｊ.Ｋ’.Wｉnｆrｅy:So,ｔｈｉｓｉsthefiｒsttｉmewｅ’vemｅt.Rowling:Yes，iｔis.Ｗinfrey:ＡndｍyproduｃerｓteｌlmｅthatｙouｒrealｎameiｓＪ.Ｏ._＿_＿７__＿＿Rｏｗlinｇ:（laughiｎg)Yｅah.Wｉnfrｅｙ：Ｊ.Kｉｓ…Rｏｗliｎg:__＿_8_＿___.Whenｔｈefirstｂookcａmeoｕt,ｔheythouｇht‘thisisaboｏkthatwiｌｌａｐpealｔoｂｏys’,buｔtheydidｎ’twａnｔｔhｅbｏystoknｏwａｗomanhadwｒitteniｔ．Sotheyｓａidtｏmｅ‘cｏulｄweｕseyｏuriniｔｉalｓ’anｄIsaid‘fｉne’.Ionlyhaveｏneinitial．Ｉｄｏn’thaｖeamｉddｌeｎaｍe．SoIｔooｋmyfavｏritｅｇrandmother’ｓnａｍe,Kathｌｅeｎ.Ｗiｎfreｙ:＿_＿_9_____Ｒoｗliｎg:Yeah,ｂｕｔnoｔfoｒtｏolｏng，becaｕseIstartｅｄgｅｔtingｍyｐｉctureｉｎtｈepｒｅssandnｏonecouldpｒｅtendＩwasamananymｏrｅ.Ｗinfｒey:_＿＿1０____Roｗling:NＯ—ithasｎ’ｔheldmｅback，ｈasit?参考答案:DCAＢＰartIＩVoｃaｂｕlary(１0ｐoｉｎts)Ｄｉrecｔiｏns:Inthｉｓｐarｔtｈereａｒetenｓentenceｓ,eaｃｈwiｔhｏnewordorphrａｓeunderlｉned.ChooｓetheoneｆromthｅｆourchoiｃeｓmaｒkedA,B,CandＤｔｈatbeｓｔｋeepsthemeaninｇoftheｓentence.MａrkyoｕrａnsｗeｒontｈeAｎｓｗerSheｅt．１1.ThｅrearesｅveraldiffｅrｅｎtｏptｉonsforgｅtｔingＩｎtｅrｎetacｃeｓs.A.ｃhoicesＢ.ｄefinｉtｉonsC．ｃhanｎelsD.ｒeａｓｏns12.Eａrthｈａsanａtｍｏｓpheｒｅ,whｉｃｈproｔeｃtsthｅｓuｒfａcｅｆｒomhａrｍｆuｌｒａｙs.A．miｎeralsB．substancｅsC．gａsesD．bｅams13.Themaｎａgｅrgaｖｅoｎｅofthｅsalesgirlｓａnaｃcuｓinglｏokｆｏrherhoｓtileattｉｔuｄｅtｏwarｄcusｔomeｒｓ.A.unｆrieｎdlｙB．ｏptimｉｓｔicC．iHYＰERLＩＮK＂"\t"＿blank"ｍpatieｎtD.posｉtｉve1４．Sｉnceｉｔislaｔetochanｇemｙmindnoｗ，Iamresｏlvｅｄｔoｃaｒryｏｕttheplan．Ａ.ｒevｉｓeB.implementＣ.reviｅｗD.ｉmprｏｖe15.SｅｃuｒiｔｙguardsｄisｐｅｒsｅdｔhecｒｏwdtｈathadｇatｈeｒedarｏuｎdｔｈeCａpitol.A．arrestｅdB．sｔｏppedC．scａtｔｅｒeｄＤ．watcｈeｄ16.Tｏstaｒｔtheｐrogrａm,inｓeｒｔthediｓkandfollowｔheiｎstrｕctｉons.A.takeoｕtB.tｕrnoｖｅrＣ．ｔrackdowｎD.ｐutiｎ17.Ｔhepatienｔ’scｏnditioｎhasｄeteｒioraｔeｄsｉｎcelaｓtnighｔ．A.iｍproｖeｄB.retuｒneｄC.worｓeneｄD.changeｄ18．Iｃoｕｌｄn’tafｆordtoｆlyｈｏｍｅ,ａndatrａｉnｔickeｔwaslikewisebeyｏndmymeans.Ａ．ａｌsoＢ.noneｔhelessC.fuｒthermoｒｅD．otherwiｓe１９.Ｄｅspｉteｙｅaｒｓofsｅarcｈｉnｇ,ｓcｉentistshａvedeteｃtednosｉgnsoｆlifebeyondourownｓolarsystｅm．A.ｗｉtｈｉnB.bｅsideｓＣ.ｏutsiｄｅD.except２０.IpｒｅferchicｋenｔofiｓhbecauseIａｍworriedａｂoutaccidenｔallyswaｌlowingaｓｍaｌlbｏne.A.inｔentiｏnａlｌyB.uneｘpectedlｙＣ.ａnxｉouｓlyD．huｒrｉｅdly参考答案：11-15ADABC16-2０ＤCAＣＢＰaｒtIＩIReadingＣomｐrehension(25points)ＳeｃtｉｏｎADｉrｅctions:Ｉnthｉsseｃｔioｎ,ｔhｅrearefourpassagesfolloｗedbyqｕeｓtiｏｎsｏruｎfｉｎisheｄstaｔｅmeｎts,eachwiｔｈfourｓuggｅstｅdanswｅｒsA,B，CａndD．ＣhｏoｓethebesｔansｗｅraｎｄmarkyourａnsｗeronｔheAnsweｒＳｈｅeｔ.PassａgｅOｎｅSomｅtimeｓａraceisnｏtenｏuｇh.Ｓomeｔｉmesaｒuｎｎｅrjuｓｔｗａntｓtｏgｏfurther．Thａt’sｗhaｔhapｐｅneｄtoDenniｓMartｉnaｎｄBrookｅCurrａn．Marｔin，68,aretiｒｅｄｄｅtectivefoｒmNewYorｋＣiｔｙ,ｔookupruｎninｇafｔerhisｆｉrstｗifｅdieｄ.Cｕrrａn,4６,aｐｈiｌａnthropｉｓｔ(慈善家)fｒomAｌexandrｉa,ｓtａrtｅdrunninｇtogｅtoｕtｏｆthｅhousｅanｄcolｌecｔｈertｈoughｔs.BothsheaｎdMartingｏtgｏodatrunnｉngbutｆeltｔhｅdesiretｏdｏmoｒe.“TheｍorｅItrainｅd，thｅｂetｔerIgot,”Cｕｒranｓaｉd,”butIwｏｕldｃroｓstｈefiｎishlｉｎewｉthnoｓensｅｏfacｃomplisｈmｅｎt.”Eventｕaｌｌy，theyｗorｋeduptorunningmarathｏns(马拉松)(andｌongerracｅｓ)ｉｎotｈercounｔｒiｅｓ,ｏnｏthercouｎtries．Nowboｔhhaveachievedanotａble-andｉｎｃreasinglylessraｔe-miｌｅsｔonｅ;ｒunningｔhe２6.２－milｅraceonallsｅｖencoｎtinents.Theｙareparｔofaphenomenontｈathasgrownoutoｆtherunｎingcultｕｒeinｔｈepasｔｔｗodecaｄes,ａtthｅｉnｔersectiｏnofathlｅｔiｃiｓmandleisｕrｅ:“rｕncａtions,”whｉｃｈcomｂiｎｅdiｓtanceruｎningwｉthｔrａｖelｔoexoticｐｌacｅs.Theretｒips,asexpｅnsivｅａsｔhｅyａreｐhyｓicａllychａllengiｎｇ，ａreaｇrowｉngaｎpetｉtivemar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mｙsｔｅrious.Iｎthｉsweｅk’sPｒoceedingsoｆtheＮationａlAcademｙofScienｃｅs,ｒeｓeａrcherｓiｎＪapanoffersomeexｐｌanatｉoｎs.Ｔheyhａｖeidentｉｆｉedonechemicalmesｓageａｎdtｒaｃeｄitａｌltheｗayfrｏmreleaseｔｏａctiｏn.Ｔheｓｃｉentｉｓｔslｏoｋedattomａｔoｐlantsiｎfeｓted（侵害)bｙcoｍmｏnpeｓt，theｃutworｍcａteｒpiｌlar（毛虫).Tostartouｔ，theｙgｒewplantｓinｔwoplasｔｉccoｍpartmeｎtsconｎecｔedｂyaｔubｅ.Oneplantwasinfestedandplａｃedｕpwinｄａndtheｏtheｒsｗｅreuｎinfesteｄandpｌａceddownｗinｄ．Theｄownwindpｌantsｗｅrelaｔerｅxposedtoｔhecutwｏrmcaterpiｌlar.Thｅresulｔｓｓhoweｄtｈａtplａntsｔhathaｄpreｖioｕslybｅenneaｒsickneｉghｂorsweｒｅａｂlｅtodｅｆenｄthemselvｅｓbｅttｅｒagainsttheｃaterｐiｌlar.Ｔherｅseａrcｈersａlsｏstuｄiｅｄlｅavesｆromeｘposedandｕnexｐｏsｅdｐｌanｔs．Ｔheyfoundonecompoundshoｗeｄupmoreoftｅnintｈｅexposedplaｎtｓ．ＴhesuｂｓtanceiｓcalledHexVic.WhenthescｉentisｔｓfedHeｘＶｉctocuｔwｏrms,iｔｋnockeｄｄownthｅirsｕｒviｖalrateby1７％.TｈeｓｃiｅntistsidｅｎtifｉｅdｔhesourceofHｅxＶｉc,andｓpｒayeditｌｉghtｌyoｖerhealtｈypｌantｓ．Thosｅplａntｓwｅrｅｔhenabletosｔartprodｕｃinｇthecａterpillar-ｋillingＨexVic.Researchersconｆirmeｄthatuｎiｎfestｅdplantｓｈaｖｅtobuiｌdtｈeiｒoｗｎweaｐontofightoffbuｇｓａｎddisｅases.Howdothｅyknowwhentｏplａyｄefｅnse？Theyarewarneｄfｉrstbythｅirｆriｅｎdｌyｐlanｔneigｈboｒs.Itiｓacomｐｌｅｘtａle,anditmaｙbehａppeningiｎｍoreｐlａnｔspｅcｉesthaｎtomatoes．Iｔｍayalsｏbehａppeｎiｎgwｉtｈmorecheｍicａlｓignａlsthaｔarestillｕnknownｔouｓ.Foｒnowtｈoｕgh，weｋｎｏwtｈａtplanｔsnoｔoｎlycｏmmuｎicaｔe,theｙlｏokｏｕtforonｅanｏther.3１.WｈａtdoesｔhｅauthortrｙtoempｈasｉzeParａgｒaｐh1?A.Hｏｗplantsｃomｍunｉcateissｔillamystery.B.Eｎoughatteｎｔiｏｎhasbeenpａｉdtoplanttａlk．C.Plaｎtsaretｈｅfｕrnｉtｕreoftｈeｎａturalworld．D.Pｌantｓｃａｎｃoｍmuｎicａｔewiｔheａchother．32.ＡccoｒdingtoＰａragrapｈ2,whatｒemaiｎsunknｏwniｓ____＿_Ａ．hoｗｐlatｓrｅｃeiｖeandhａｎdｌethesiｇnaｌsfromtheiｒneighborsB.whｙplantsspreaｄchｅmicaｌinｆoｒmatｉoｎtotheirｎeigｈｂorC.howmanｙtypesofｐlａnｔsreｌeasecompouｎdsｉｎｔotｈeaｉrＤ．wheｔherpｌanｔssｅndｃheｍｉcalwarningsｔotheiｒｎｅｉghboｒs33．Tｈetomａtoplantsintheexperｉｍeｎtwｅre__＿__＿A.ｐlaｃｅdsｅpａｒaｔelybｕｔcoｎneｃteｄthroｕghairB.expoｓeｔｏdｉｆferenｔkindsofpeｓtｓＣ.ｅxposｅdtoｔｈepestaｔtheｓamｅtｉｍｅD．placedtogｅtheｒiｎaclｏsedｃompａｒtment３4．Ｔｈｅexpeｒimeｎtｓｈowsthattheinｆestedplａntheｌpsitsneigｈbｏrsby__＿___A．mａkiｎgmoreHexViｃtoattｒactthepeｓtB.rｅleａsingHｅｘViｃintoｔｈeairtowarnthemC.leｔtingtheｍｋｎowhowtｏproduｃeHexＶicＤ．prｏducingeｎougｈHexVicｔｏkiｌlｔhｅpesｔ35.Whatmaybeｔhebestｔitｌｅｆoｒｔhｅpａssage?A.ＳuｒｖivaｌofPｌａnｔｓB.PlantWorldＣ.TalkｉngＰlaｎtsD.PlantBuｇKilleｒPassageＦoｕrVａncouｖeriｓｔhebestpｌａcetoliveintheAｍｅｒiｃas,ａccordｉｎgtoａｑualiｔy－of-lifｅrankingpubｌishedeａrlierthisｍoｎth．Theciｔyrｅgｕlaｒlｙｔoｐｓｓuchｉｎdexesａsitsｃleanaiｒ，spaciｏusｈoｍesaｎdwｅeｋendpｏssibiｌitｉeｓofsailingandskiiｎg．Butｉｔsstａtusasａliveableciｔyistｈｒｅatenedbywｏrsenｉngｃongestiｏｎ(拥挤)．Overｔhenexttｈreedｅｃadｅs，anothｅｒImillionresiｄeｎtsａｒｅｅxpectedｔoｌｉｖｅintheＧｒｅaｔｅrＶａnｃouｖerreｇｉｏn,ａddinｇmoｒecaｒs,bicｙclesａｎｄlorｒiestｏroａdstｈatarcａｌreadｙｓtrugglinｇｔｏserｖetheexｉｓｔｉｎg２.3ｍillｉonresiｄents.AprｏpoｓａlｂyVａnｃouver’ｓmａyorseｅkｓｔｏpｒevｅntｔｈｅwoｒsenｉngcondｉtiｏns．Upgｒａｄｅｓwｏｕldｂemadeto2,3００kilｏｍetresoｆroadlａｎｅs,aswｅllasｂusrｏutesandcyｃlｅpaｔｈs．Fｏｕrhundredｎewbuｓｅswoｕldｊoｉnthefleetｏf1,830．Ｔｈｅrewoｕｌdbｅmｏreｔraiｎｓandmore“seａbus”feｒrycrosｓingsbetwｅenVancouvｅraｎditｓwealｔｈｙnoｒtｈｅrnsubｕｒbs．Togetalｌthaｔ,resiｄentsmuｓtvotetoacceptａninｃrｅasｅiｎsａlestａx，frｏm７％to7．５%.Pollssｕｇｇeｓttheywilｌvotｅno.Ｅverｙｏneagｒeestｈａtamｏreeｆｆicｉenttraｎsportsysｔeｍisｎｅｅded.Ｃonfinｅｄｂymouｎtａｉｎsｔoｔｈenorth,ｔｈeUｎiｔedＳtaｔｅsｔｏthesouｔhandthePacｉfiｃOceantothewest，Vaｎcoｕverｈａsspreadｉnthｅonlｙｄｉrｅctiｏnwhereｔｈereisstilllanｄ，intｏtheFraｓerValｌey,whichjustafewdｅcadesagｏｗａsmostlｙfarmland．Ｔhｅroadisｏftenoｖercrowｄeｄ.Yｅｔcommuｔｅrs’suｓｐｉciｏｎｏflocalbｕreaucraｔsmayexceedtheiｒｄislikｅofｃonｇestiｏn.ＴranｓLink,ｗhiｃhrunspublｉctransportintheregion,isunloｖeｄbytaxpayers.PassenｇｅrsblａmeitwheｎSkytｒain,ｔheliｇｈt-ｒailsｙｓｔem,ｃomestoasｔaｎdstiｌlbecaｕseofmechanicalorelectｒicalｆaｕlts,ashaｐpeneｄtｗｉceｉｎoneweeklａｓtｓuｍmｅr,leａvingcｏｍmuｔersstucｋinｃarriａgeｓwｉthnｏthiｎgtodｏbutｅxpressｉngtheirangeｒｏｎTwitteｒ．ThatsortｏfthｉnghasmadｅvoｔeｒslesｓwillｉngtopayｔhｅC＄7．5billioｎｉnｃapitalspeｎdingthaｔtｈｅｔen－ｙeａｒｔrａｆfiｃupgradｅｗouｌdinｖolve.Dｅspitetｈｐｌaints,Vanｃoｕｖer’stｒansｐorｔｓysteｍisadeceｎｔ,ｗell－iｎtegｒａｔedoneoｎwhiｃhtobｕiｌd,reckonsTｏｄｄLitman,atraｎspｏrtcｏnsultantｗｈohasworkedforTranｓLiｎk.“Ｔheseｕpgｒadeｓareall-impｏrｔantｉｆＶanｃouverwanｔstomaintainｉtsreputatｉonｆorbeｉngaｄesｔｉnationoｔhersｗanttｏｇoto.”Hｅsays.36.ThｅbｉgｇeｓｔproblemthrｅaｔeniｎｇVaｎcouverasａliｖeabｌeｃitｙｉｓ．A．iｎｃreasｉngｃｏngesｔionB．climaｔeｃhａngeＣ.ｓhｏrｔａgeｏflandD．ｌackｏfmoｎey３7.TheｕpgraｄeｐrｏｐoｓａlbyＶancｏuver’sｍaｙormaybｅtｕrnedｄownｂyｒesｉdentｓｂｅcaｕｓe.A.theｙｄonｏtｗantmｏｒeｐeoｐlｅｔｏmoｖeinB．tｈeyaｒeｒeluｃtａnttｏmｏvｅｔonewpｌａcesC.ｕpgrａdeswoｕldtakeawaytheirlivｉngspaceD．upgｒaｄesｗoulｄaｄdtｏtｈeirfｉnaｎcｉalbｕｒdens38.TheoｎlydｉｒectｉonforVａncouvｅrtｏfurtherexpandｉｓｔowards.Ａ.thｅｅastB.tｈｅweｓtC.theｓｏuthD．theｎorth39.ＴrａnsLｉnkｉsmentiｏned(Parａ.４)asanexaｍｐlｅof．Ａ.wｏrldfａmouｓtransｐorｔcoｍｐanieｓB．ｌoｃalｒeｓｉｄenｔs’comｐlaintsａboutｔｈebureaucｒatsC.ｌocaleffoｒｔtoimprovepuｂlictranｓpoｒｔD.wｏｒｓeninｇｔrafｆiccongestｉon4０.AcｃordingtoTodｄLitmaｎ,theuｐｇradeｐrｏｐosal．A．wiｌlsolvｅthｅbleｍB．ｗilｌbｅnefitlocalｅconomyＣ.satiｓfｉesthｅtranｓｐｏｒtcｏmpanyD.desｅrvespｕｂlｉcｓｕpｐortＳｅctionBDｉreｃtioｎs:Inthissｅｃtioｎ,yoｕaｒerｅquirｅdｔoreadoneqｕｏteｄｂｌogａndthｅcomｍentsoｎiｔ.Thｅblogandcｏmmｅntsａrefollowｅｄbｙqｕestｉoｎsorunｆinｉsheｄｓtatementｓ,ｅａｃhwithfouｒsｕggｅsｔedａnswerｓA，B,CandＤChｏｏsethebestanｓwerandmarkyｏuransｗｅroｎｔheAnsweｒSheet．Ｔｏwardstｈeｅndofthｅ1990s，mｏrethaｎａdecadeaｎdaｈalfDieｔCｏkewaｓfirstｉntroｄｕced，sａleofＣoｃaColａ’sbｅst-sｅｌlingｌowcalｏｒicdrｉnkappearｅｄtｏsloｗdoｗn.Ｈｏwevｅr,ｉntheｄｅcaｄeｔhatfollowed，dietsodａsgｒewbymoretｈａn30ｐerｃenｔ．Ｉn2023,ｓalesｐｕｓhedaboｖe$８.5ｂillｉｏnforthefiｒsｔtime.ButAmeｒica’sthiｒsｔforDietCokｅｉsrｕnｎinｇdｒｙagａin-andthiｓtｉmeｉtcｏuｌdｂeforｇooｄ.Ｔhｅｄietsodasloｗdｏwnisn’tmereｌyaｎAmericanｔｈing－it’salｓohapｐｅningwoｒldwｉde.ButthefｕturｅofdｉetcoｌａsｉsparticuｌarlycloudｙinｔｈeUｎiｔｅdStatｅs.LowcaloriesodaｓarefiｇhｔｉngａhardbattleａgａinstnotonebutｔwｏtrendsaｍongAｍeｒicaｎconsｕｍers.Ｔｈefirstiｓthａtoverallsodaconsumptionhａｓｂｅeｎonthedeclinｅsincｅbeforｅ２0２3.Ｄietsodas，tｈoｕｇｈtheymighｔcomｅｓuｇaｒ-andcalｏrｉe-fｒee,ａrestillsoｄas,sｏmｅthiｎgAmericansａrｅpｒovinｇlesｓandlｅsｓiｎtｅresteｄｉndrinｋinｇ.Theseｃoｎd,andpｅrhapsmｏresignificanttrend,isagroｗｉnｇｍistrｕsｔoｆaｒtｉfｉｃｉａｌsweｅtenerｓ(甜味剂).“Ｃｏnｓumers’attituｄestowardssweeteｎeｒshaveｒeallyｃhａｎged．”ｓａidHowaｒdＴelｆord,anindｕｓtryaｎalyst．“Therｅ’saverynｅgativepｅrceｐtioｎaｂｏutartｉficialsweeteners.Ｔheindustryiｓstilltryingtogetitsheadａroｕndｔhis.”Comment1Ａddｍeｔothｅnuｍｂｅrofpｅopleａddictedtodietcolａswｈoquitdriｎkiｎgsｏdaaltoｇetｈeｒ.ＩhｏneｓtlythinksｏｄaisadｄictｉｖeａndI’mｈaｐｐｙnottoｂｅｄrinkingitａnymｏre.Cｏmmｅnt2Perhaｐstheslowdoｗｎhasｓomｅthinｇｍoretｏdowiththeｓkyroｃketｉｎgｃｏｓｔofsoftｄrinks.Ｃommenｔ3ILOVＥdietdrinks!ＡmIunhealtｈｙ?Whokｎｏｗｓ?ＩguaranteeＩhavｅabetterphyｓiquetｈanmost４3-yｅar-ｏldmen．Cｏmmeｎt4Thiｓisasｉllyａｎdｓhaｌｌowpiecｅ。Therｅaｓｏｎforthｅfallofｆissimplytheeｘplosｉｏniｎconsumptionofｂottｌｅdwateｒsaｎdeｎergyｄrinｋs.Ｃｏmment5Aｓpｅｏplｅｌｅａrnmoreaboｕｔｈｅalｔhandwｅllnesstｈeｙwｉllｃonsumeｌeｓssugar,ｌesssodａ，lessartiｆｉciaｌｓweeteneｒs.41.Ｗhatdowekｎoｗaｂoutdietsodasale?Ａ.Itbｅｇanｔouｎdｅrgｏagrａdｕaldropstａrtｉｎgfrom２0２3.B.Iｔwasonｔhｅｄecｌiｎesｉncethe19９0sbｕtiｓontｈｅｒisｅnow.C.Itreａcheｄｉtsｐeaｋiｎthe202３ｓbutbegaｎtodroｐsinｃetｈen．D．Ｉthａsｂｅｅndｅcreａsingsｉncethe1990s．4２.Ｗhａtｄoestheaｕthortｈinｋofｔｈepｒosｐectsoｆdiｅｔｓodａsａｌe?A.Itｗillcontinｕetoｄroｐ．B.Ｉtwｉllｇetbeｔtｅｒsooｎ.C.Ｉｔiｓｈardtosayforsｕｒe．D．Iｔmayhaveｕｐsanｄdowns.43.Whｉcｈcommentgｉvesaperｓoｎａlreaｓonｆｏｒquitｔingdｉetcｏlaｓ?A.Ｃomment５．Ｂ.Ｃommenｔ4．C.Comment3.Ｄ.Comment1.44.Whichcommeｎtｓｕｐｐoｒtstheautｈoｒ’sｐｏintofviｅw?A.Ｃomｍent2．B．Cｏｍmenｔ3.C．Coｍｍent4.D.Commｅｎt５．4５.Wｈichcommentsｄisａgreeｗiththeautｈoｒonｔheａｕthｏronthecauｓeｏfsodasaｌｅsｌowdｏwn?Ａ.Cｏmｍenｔ3ａndCommeｎｔ5.B.Comment2ａｎdComment4.Ｃ．Comｍeｎt1andCoｍment4.Ｄ.Coｍmｅnｔ2andCommenｔ3.PaｒtIVCloze(１0ｐointｓ)Direcｔｉoｎｓ:Inthｉspart,ｔhｅreiｓａｐaｓsagewithtenｂlanｋs.Ｆorｅachblaｎkｔheｒｅarefourｃｈｏicesmarｋed，Ａ,B，C,andD.ChｏoseｔhebｅｓｔａｎswerｆｏreaｃｈblanｋandmarｋyoｕｒanｓｗeroｎthｅAnswerShｅet.Wｈenaskｅｄaｂｏuttheｉmｐａｃtofdisturbｉngneｗsｏnchｉldｒen,ｏneｍoｔｈersａiｄ：“My11-ｙeaｒ-olｄdaughｔeｒdoｅsn’tｌikeｗatchiｎgｔｈｅnews．Sheｈaｓ46ａboutwhatsｈehasseen．Onetiｍe，shewatchedareportａｂｏutaｐｅrsoｎwhokiｌledａfaｍilymeｍberwiｔhａknife．Thａtniｇhtshｅdreamedthatshetｏowasｂeiｎgkillｅd．”Ａｎoｔhｅrｉnterviewｅeｓaｉd:“Ｍｙsiｘ-year-ｏlｄnieceｓawreportsｏfｔoｒnadoes(龙卷风）fromelsewｈｅreｉｎｔhecoｕnｔry.Forweeks47,shewaｓterrifieｄ.Shｅ48callmeｏｎｔhepｈone,convincedtｈatａｔｏrnａdoｗascｏmｉngｈerwayandtｈatｓhewasgoｉngtodie.”Doｙouthiｎkdisｔuｒbingnewsｒepoｒtsｃａnfｒiｇhｔｅnchｉlｄrｅn?Iｎonｅｓuｒｖey,nearly40percentoｆｐarｅnｔsｓａidｔhattheiｒcｈｉldｒenhａdｂｅen4９ｂｙsomethingtheyｓawiｎthenewsａndthat，50,tｈechildrenhadｆeａrｅｄthａtasｉmilaｒevｅｎtwoulｄhappentothemorｔheirloveｄｏnes.Why?Onｅfaｃtoｒｉsthatcｈilｄreｎoftｅn5１theneｗｓｄifferｅｎtlyfromaｄults．Ｆorｅxample,smａllchｉldｒｅnmayｂeｌｉevｅtｈａta52tｈaｔｉsbroadcastrepeａteｄlｙisreaｌlyhａｐpenｉngrepeatedｌy.Asｅｃｏｎdfactorisｔhatｄaiｌyrｅｐｏｒtsofdistuｒbinｇevｅnｔscａndistoｒtａcｈiｌd’ｓ53oftｈewoｒｌｄ.Tｒue,weliｖeｉn“criticａltｉmeｓｈarｄtｏ54.”Butｒepeａｔeｄexposureｔoｄiｓｔurbiｎｇnewsrｅｐoｒtscancａusecｈiｌdrｅnｔodｅｖｅｌopｌaｓtiｎｇfｅａrｓ.“ＣｈildrenｗｈowatｃhaloｔofＴVnｅws５5toovｅrｅstｉmatetheocｃuｒrenceoｆcrｉmeandｍayperceiｖｅtheworｌdtobｅamｏｒｅｄangerｏusplacetｈaｎiｔactuaｌlyｉs,”ｏbservｅｓthｅKaiserＦamilyＦounｄatiｏn．46.A.thoughｔsB.nightｍaresC.iｄeasD.piｃturｅs47.A.afteｒwａrｄB.ａｇoC．ｂefoｒｅＤ．ｌater4８．A.sｈoｕldB．mightC.coｕldD．woｕld４9．A.boｒedB.angeredＣ.upｓｅtD.dｉsaｐpoｉntｅd50.A.inｎotiｍeB．byallmeansＣ.allthemｏｒeD.asaｒesult51.Ａ.ｔelｌB.interpｒｅtＣ.naｒrateD.treaｔ５2.Ａ.tｒagedyB.comeｄyC.ｐlａyD.ｄrama５３.A．imaｇinａtiｏnB.viewＣ.sightＤ.loｏｋ５４.A.giveuｐＢ．sticktoC.deaｌｗithD.ｓetdｏwn5５.Ａ.pｒefｅrB.turｎC.comeD.tendＰartＶTeｘtCｏmｐｌｅtｉｏn(20pｏints)Ｄirｅctｉoｎs:Inthispartthereａrethrｅeiｎcomｐleｔetexｔswｉｔｈ20queｓｔiｏnｓ（Rangｉnｇｆrom56to7５).Abｏvｅｅachｔeｘtｔherｅareｔhreeｏrfoｕrphraseｓｔoｂecoｍpleted.Fｉｒst，usｅthechoiceｓproviｄｅdinthebｏxtocｏmｐletethephrａses.Sｅcoｎd,usetｈecomplｅtｅdphrａsestofillintheblａnkｓoｆtｈetｅxt.MarkyｏuｒaｎsｗeｒontｈeAnswｅrＳheet.TexｔOｎeＡ.angrierB.gettinｇＣ．aｃtiｏnPｈrａsｅｓ:A．ｗhｉchmakｅｓyｏｕ5６B.likｅ57anｙcｏmpensatｉonC.totakeany56Pictureｔhissiｔuaｔion：youhａveboughtafauｌtyｉtemfrｏmａshopａndyoutakeiｔｂacktocomplain.Yｏugodiｒectlytｏtｈeｓｈopaｓsistantaｎdtellｔhｅmyourprｏblem.Ｔｈeyｓaｙｔhｅycannothｅlpyｏｕ,5９ｔｏｔhｅpointｐerhａpｓwｈerｅyouｓtartinsuｌtingthepｏorshoｐassistaｎt.Ｔhｉswiｌldｏyouｎofavours,６0,orｅvenｙourmoneybａck.Ｉfyouｇｏdｉ