华兹华斯英文简介

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WilliamWordsworth：WilliamWordsworth(7April1770-23April1850)wasamajorEnglishRomanticpoetwho,withSamuelTaylorColeridge,helpedlaunchtheRomanticAgeinEnglishliteraturewiththeir1798jointpublication,LyricalBallads.Wordsworth,smasterpieceisgenerallyconsideredtobeThePrelude,asemiautobiographicalpoemofhisearlyyearswhichthepoetrevisedandexpandedanumberoftimes.Theworkwasposthumouslytitledandpublished,priortowhichitwasgenerallyknownasthepoem"toColeridge".WordsworthwasEngland,sPoetLaureatefrom1843untilhisdeathin1850.Biography：EarlylifeandeducationThesecondoffivechildrenborntoJohnWordsworthandAnnCookson,WilliamWordsworthwasbornon7April1770inCockermouthinCumberland一partofthescenicregioninnorth-westEngland,theLakeDistrict.Hissister,thepoetanddiaristDorothyWordsworth,towhomhewascloseallhislife,wasbornthefollowingyear.Allofhissiblingsweredestinedtohavesuccessfulcareers.HiselderbrotherRichardbecamealawyerinLondon;JohnWordsworthrosetotherankofCaptainonamerchantmanoftheEastIndiaCompany;andtheyoungestofthefamily,Christopher,becameMasterofTrinityCollege

atCambridge.Afterthedeathoftheirmotherin1778,theirfathersentWilliamtoHawksheadGrammarSchoolandsentDorothytolivewithrelativesinYorkshire.SheandWilliamdidnotmeetagainforanothernineyears.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewas13.[1]Wordsworthmadehisdebutasawriterin1787whenhepublishedasonnetinTheEuropeanMagazine.ThatsameyearhebeganattendingStJohn,sCollege,Cambridge,andreceivedhis.degreein1791.[2]HereturnedtoHawksheadforhisfirsttwosummerholidays,andoftenspentlaterholidaysonwalkingtours,visitingplacesfamousforthebeautyoftheirlandscape.In1790,hetookawalkingtourofEurope,duringwhichhetouredtheAlpsextensively,andalsovisitednearbyareasofFrance,Switzerland,andItaly.Hisyoungestbrother,Christopher,rosetobeMasterofTrinityCollege.RelationshipwithAnnetteVallonInNovember1791,WordsworthvisitedRevolutionaryFranceandbecameenthralledwiththeRepublicanmovement.HefellinlovewithaFrenchwoman,AnnetteVallon,whoin1792gavebirthtotheirchild,Caroline.BecauseoflackofmoneyandBritain,stensionswithFrance,hereturnedalonetoEnglandthenextyear.[4]ThecircumstancesofhisreturnandhissubsequentbehaviourraisedoubtsastohisdeclaredwishtomarryAnnettebuthesupportedherandhisdaughterasbesthecouldinlaterlife.Duringthisperiod,hewrotehisacclaimed"Itis

abeauteousevening,calmandfree,recallinghisseasidewalkwithhiswife,whomhehadnotseenfortenyears.Attheconceptionofthispoem,hehadneverseenhisdaughterbefore.Theoccurringlinesrevealhisdeeploveforbothchildandmother.TheReignofTerrorestrangedhimfromtheRepublicanmovement,andwarbetweenFranceandBritainpreventedhimfromseeingAnnetteandCarolineagainforseveralyears.TherearealsostrongsuggestionsthatWordsworthmayhavebeendepressedandemotionallyunsettledinthemid1790s.WiththePeaceofAmiensagainallowingtraveltoFrance,in1802Wordsworthandhissister,DorothyvisitedAnnetteandCarolineinFranceandarrivedatamutuallyagreeablesettlementregardingWordsworth,sobligationsFirstpublicationandLyricalBalladsInhis"PrefacetoLyricalBallads"whichiscalledthe,manifesto,ofEnglishRomanticcriticism,Wordsworthcallshispoems'experimental’.1793sawWordsworth,sfirstpublishedpoetrywiththecollectionsAnEveningWalkandDescriptiveSketches.Hereceivedalegacyof£900fromRaisleyCalvertin1795sothathecouldpursuewritingpoetry.Thatyear,healsometSamuelTaylorColeridgeinSomerset.Thetwopoetsquicklydevelopedaclosefriendship.In1797,Wordsworthandhissister,Dorothy,movedtoAlfoxtonHouse,Somerset,justafewmilesawayfromColeridge,shomeinNetherStowey.Together,

WordsworthandColeridge(withinsightsfromDorothy)producedLyricalBallads(1798),animportantworkintheEnglishRomanticmovement.ThevolumehadneitherthenameofWordsworthnorColeridgeastheauthor.OneofWordsworth,smostfamouspoems,"TinternAbbey”,waspublishedinthework,alongwithColeridge's"TheRimeoftheAncientMariner".Thesecondedition,publishedin1800,hadonlyWordsworthlistedastheauthor,andincludedaprefacetothepoems,whichwassignificantlyaugmentedinthe1802edition.ThisPrefacetoLyricalBalladsisconsideredacentralworkofRomanticliterarytheory.Init,Wordsworthdiscusseswhatheseesastheelementsofanewtypeofpoetry,onebasedonthe"reallanguageofmen"andwhichavoidsthepoeticdictionofmucheighteenth-centurypoetry.Here,Wordsworthalsogiveshisfamousdefinitionofpoetryaskeets"thespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingsfromemotionsrecollectedintranquility."AfourthandfinaleditionofLyricalBalladswaspublishedin1805.GermanyandmovetotheLakeDistrictWordsworth,Dorothy,andColeridgethentravelledtoGermanyintheautumnof1798.WhileColeridgewasintellectuallystimulatedbythetrip,itsmaineffectonWordsworthwastoproducehome