(山东)《龙门亮剑》2011高三英语一轮课件 Unit 2 新人教版选修8

Ⅰ.重点单词1．______vi. 不同；相异2．_______adj. 精确的；准确的3．_____________n. 突破4．__________adv. 总共；完全地5．________vi. 反对；不赞成differexactbreakthroughaltogetherobject6．_______vt. 获得；赢得7．_______vt. 获得；到达(水平、

年龄、状况等)8．_______adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的9．________vt. 禁止；不准10．____________vt. 积累；聚积obtainattainmoralforbidaccumulate11．______vt. 欠(账、钱、人情

等)；归功于……12．________adv. 立刻；不久13．_______vi. 退休；离开14．_______vt.&vi. 打扰；操心

n. 烦扰15．___________n. 假定；设想oweshortlyretirebotherassumption16．__________n. 规则；规章；法

规17．_______vt. 抵抗；对抗18．_________adv. 仅；只；不过19．______vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜

爱20．___________adj. 合情理的；讲道

理的；公道的regulationresistmerelyadorereasonableⅡ.常用短语1．pay_____ 得到好结果；

取得成功；偿

清2．cast______ 沮丧；不愉快3．in_______of 赞成；支持4．be_______to(do)．.. 一定或注定(做

)……5．_____...intoone’sheart 使……刻骨铭心offdownfavourboundstrike6．______timetotime 不时；偶尔7．bringbackto_____ 使复生；使复

活8．in_____ 白费力气；枉

费心机9．ingood/poor_________ 状况很好(坏)

；情况很好(坏)10．haveagreat______on 对……有很大

影响fromlifevainconditionimpactⅢ.典型句式1．AltogetherDollylivedforsixyears，________________________ofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.多莉总共存活了6年，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。【答案】halfthelength2．Thefact______sheseemedtodevelopnormallywasvery______.她看上去生长发育正常的事实令人鼓舞。【答案】that；encouraging3．Theprocedureisdifficult________________.这一程序很难操作。【答案】toundertake4．Youmight________thishardatfirstbutit________________whenyoucometospeak.你可能在开始时觉得困难，但当你说起来了，你会觉得很值得。【答案】find；paysoffforbidsth.禁止某事forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbid(forbade/forbad，forbidden)v.禁止；不许forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事Youmaynotgototheparty—Iabsolutelyforbidit.你不可以参加聚会——我绝对不允许你去。Hewasforbiddentoleavethebaseaspunishment.作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。Theirfatherforbadethemwine.他们的父亲禁止他们喝酒。forbid的反义词是allow和permit。Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.公共场合禁止抽烟。1.完成句子(1)Mostparents____________________(同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟)．(2)Thecompany________________(禁止上网)duringtheofficehours.(3)Makingacallwithcellphone______________________(乘飞机旅行时严禁)．【答案】

(1)agreetoforbidtheirchildrentosmoke(2)forbidssurfingtheInternet(3)isstrictlyforbiddenduringflightsbothersb.with拿……来烦某人bothersb.forsth.缠着向某人要……botherabout/withsth.为某事烦恼；为某事操心bothertodosth.麻烦去做某事；特地做某事；特意做某事(通常用于否定句中)bothervt.烦扰；打扰；操心Don’tbothertogetdinnerformetoday；I’lleatout.今天不用麻烦给我做饭了，我出去吃。Don’tbothermewithstupidquestions.不要拿些愚蠢的问题来烦我。Hebotheredhisfatherforabicycle.他缠着爸爸给他买一辆自行车。bother，disturb，trouble与annoy用法比较：这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心烦意乱”。(1)bother指干扰别人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的，含有使人讨厌的意味。(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother弱。(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。(4)annoy通常指重复性的行为使(别人)生气。常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。Idon’twanttobotheryouwithmyproblems.我不想让你因为我的问题而担心。What’stroublingyou—moneyproblems?什么事令你忧虑不安——经济问题吗？Thesefliesareannoyingme.这些苍蝇一直在烦我。2.—Iwanttomakeakitetofly.—________Youcaneasilybuyoneonthemarket.A．Whynot?B．Greatidea.C．Whybother?D．Noway!【解析】

Whybother？为何要麻烦呢？【答案】

Cundertakesth.承担，接受(责任、艰苦的工作等)undertaketodosth.许诺(保证)做某事undertakethat­clause许诺(保证)……undertakevt.承担；从事；许诺Sheundertookresponsibilityforthechanges.她承担了做出这些改变的责任。Heundertooktopaythemoneybackwithinsixmonths.他保证六个月之内还钱。Heundertookthathewouldpayitback.他答应会把它还回来。guaranteesth.保证；担保guaranteethat...保证……Mywatchisguaranteedforoneyear.我的表保用一年。3.Aswearebusythesedays，wemight______thisurgentworkforthetimebeing.A．undertakeB．agreeC．undergoD．charge【解析】

句意为“因为这些天我们很忙，我们暂时可能做那些急需干的事”。undertake作“从事，进行”讲。undergo的意义是“经历，遭受”，如：Thecompanyhasundergonesomemajorchangesinthelastfiveyears.公司在过去的五年中发生了重大的变化。【答案】

Adiffervi.不同；差异differfrom不同于differin...在……上不同；对……持不同的看法differwith/from...on/about...在……上和……不一致differgreatly/widely相差太大Hisviewsdiffergreatlyfromthoseofhisparents.他的观点与父母的观点差别很大。Thetwinslookalike，buttheydifferwidelyintheirtastes.这双胞胎看上去相似，但爱好大相径庭。Theydifferwitheachotheronmoralstandards.关于道德标准，他们的见解不同。bedifferentfrom与……不同tellthedifferencebetweenAandB说出A与B的区别makeadifference有意义，有影响Myopinionisquitedifferentfromyours.我的观点与你的不同。Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthem?你能说出他们之间的区别吗？Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.你去还是留对我没有什么影响。4.Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.They________inkindandfunction.A．differB．changeC．compareD．work【解析】differin在某方面不同。【答案】Aobjectvi.不赞成；反对；n.物体；目标objecttosb./sth.不赞成某人/某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事objectthat...反对……Iobject我反对(用于正式会议或商谈等中)Weobjectedtoleavinginsuchahurry.我们反对这样匆忙地离开。Thestudentsobjectedtobeingtreatedlikechildren.学生们反对像对待孩子似地对待他们。Isawanobjectinthesky，butIdidn’tknowwhatitwas.我看见天空中有个物体，可是我不知道它是什么。HisobjectofstudyingEnglishistoknowmoreaboutEnglandandtheEnglishpeople.他学习英语的目的是更多地了解英国和英国人民。objectionn．反对；极不愿意；反对理由；缺陷；缺点Ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly.我极不愿意早起。Doyouhaveanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?你反对我打开窗子吗？5.Manyteachersstronglyobjectedto________atschool.A．smokeB．smokingC．smokedD．havingsmoked【解析】句意为：许多老师强烈反对在校吸烟。objectto...短语中，to是介词，后须接名词或动名词作宾语，但此处不强调完成。【答案】Bowevt.欠(钱、物、债等)；应当给予owesb.sth.或owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owe...to...把……归功于……oweittosb.that...多亏某人帮忙Don’tforgetyoustillowe150yuantothewineshop.别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢？Heoweshissuccesstohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。IfIhaveimprovedinanyway，Ioweitalltomyteacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。Youowemeanapology.你得向我道歉。Weshoulddothedutywhichweowetoourcountry.我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。owingto＝becauseof“因为，由于”，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，构成介词短语，表原因。Owingtotherain，theycouldnotcome.由于下雨，他们不能来了。6.Sheoweshersuccess________goodluckmorethan________ability.A．to；andB．of；toC．to；toD．to；in【解析】本题意中owe的含义是“归功于”的意思，应与介词to连用。句中morethan的意思是“而不是”，用做连词连接两个介词短语，全句意思为“她把她的成功归功于幸运，而不是她的才干”。【答案】Cresistvt.抵抗；忍住(多与cannot，couldn’t连用)behard/impossibletoresist难以拒绝resistsb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物can’t/couldn’tresistdoingsth.禁不住干某事Heisingoodhealth—heisabletoresistdiseases.他身体健康，能抵抗疾病。Icouldn’tresisthavingalookatherdiary.我忍不住看了一眼她的日记。resistancen．抗拒，反对resistantadj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的beresistantto对……有抵抗力Therehasbeenalotofresistancetothisnewlaw.这项新的法规已经遇到很多的抵制。7.Sincemanyinsectshavealreadybecome______toDDT，scientistshavetolookforsomenewinsecticide.A．activeB．resistantC．preferredD．tough【答案】Bpayoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清paysth.off全部偿还；偿清(债务)paysb.forsth.＝paysth.tosb.forsth.付钱给某人作为……的费用payforsth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚payback还钱；报复payapricefor...为所得付出代价Theytookahellofariskbutitpaidoff.他们冒了很大的风险，但事情成功了。Canyoulendme￡10？I’llpayyoubackonFriday.你能借给我10英镑吗？我星期五就还你。I’llmakeherpayforruiningmychances!她破坏了我的机会，我要她为此吃苦头！getpaidbythehour按小时领工资payavisitto参观，走访Cleaningworkersgetpaidbythehour.清洁工人按小时获得报酬。8.—LiFengwonthefirstprizeinthenationalEnglishcompetition.—Oh，really？I’mgladthathereffortsatlast________.A．workedoutB．gotbackC．paidoffD．turnedout【解析】

下句意为“我很高兴她的努力最后成功了”。payoff(指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通。又如：Thegamblepaidoff.赌赢了。【答案】CThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来多莉病重的坏消息。此句中的that引导的从句为同位语从句，that仅起连接作用，无意义。常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。ThethoughtthatLaoLiwouldopenarestaurantinNewYorksurprisedhiswife.老李要在纽约开饭店的想法让他的妻子非常吃惊。HegotamessagefromMrJohnsonthatthemanagercouldnotseehimthatafternoon.他从约翰逊先生那里得到消息，经理那天下午不能同他会面了。同位语从句常用that引导，也可以由连接代词who，what，whose，which，连接副词how，when，where，why或连词whether来引导。Hehadnoideawhenshewouldcomeback.他不知道她何时会回来。9.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A．whoB．thatC．asD．which【解析】that引导同位语从句解释说明前面的名词word，that在从句中不作成分。【答案】B10．(2009年江苏卷)Becauseofthefinancialcrisis，daysaregone________local5­starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A．ifB．whenC．whichD．since【解析】句意为：由于经济危机，在当地五星级酒店住一个晚上就要6000元的日子一去不复返了。whenlocal5­starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight作days的定语，关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。【答案】BAltogetherDollylivedforsixyears，halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.多莉总共存活了六年，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。double，twice，times，half或分数在表示“是……两倍、几倍、一半，几分之几”等意义时，后可直接跟名词，但名词前一定要有定冠词the或物主代词。Hisinvestmentwasalmostdouble/twicetheamountwehaveinvested.他的投资额几乎是我们所投资金额的两倍。Ipaidone­thirdtheprice.我付了三分之一的价钱。NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.尼日利亚的面积是英国的三倍。这类词后有时也可接what从句。Thepriceisdouble/twicewhatitwaslastmonth.价格是上个月的两倍。Thepopulationofthetownisdouble/twicewhatitwasthen.那城镇的人口是当时的两倍。11.Hedidit________ittookme.A．one­thirdatimeB．one­thirdtimeC．theone­thirdtimeD．one­thirdthetime【答案】DⅠ.单词拼写1．Thebrothersd________widelyintheirtastes.【答案】differ2．Thequestionisquites________，whilethatoneismuchmorecomplicated.【答案】straightforward3．Itisquited________tohearthebadnews.【答案】disturbing4．Smokingisf________inpublicplaces.【答案】forbidden5．Hissuggestionsoundsquiter________tomostofus.【答案】reasonable6．Thefilmwasa________(商业的)success.【答案】commercial7．He________(承担)thedifficulttaskwillinglythatday.【答案】undertook8．He________(仅仅)askedusournamesattheinterview.【答案】merely9．Therewerestrong________(争论)forandagainsttheplan.【答案】arguments10．Healwaysmanagedto________(得到)whathewanted.【答案】obtainⅡ.短语运用castdown；shortlyafter；infavorof；payoff；taketurns；differfrom；haveagreatimpacton；beappropriateto；objectto；beboundto11．Manypeople________________experimentationonanimals.【答案】objectto12．Ittookthemthreeyearsto__________________thedebt.【答案】payoff13．Man____________________beastsinthattheformerisabletolaugh，whilethelatteraren’t.【答案】differsfrom14．Standingnervouslybeforetheteacher，thegirl_________________________hereyes.【答案】castdown15．Intheirdiscussion，Iwas__________________MrLi.【答案】infavourof16．Warningsaboutthedangersofsmokingseemto____________________thatagegroup.【答案】haveagreatimpacton17．Johnpassedthroughadifficultperiod______________________hismother’sdeath.