人教版八年级英语下册期末复习资料

人教版八年级英语下册期末复习资料八年级(下)Units1—2一、重点单词1.问题；事情n.___________ 2.胃；腹部n.____________3.咽喉；喉咙n．____________ 4.发烧n.____________5.咳嗽n.&v.____________ 6.乘客；旅客n.____________7.问题；苦恼n．____________ 8.她自己pron.____________9.生病的adj.____________ 10.膝；膝盖n.____________11.情况；状况n.____________ 12.血n.____________13.限制；管理v.&n.__________ 14.勇气；意志n.____________15.护士n.____________ 16.欢呼；喝彩v.____________17.自愿做v.志愿者n._________ 18.标志；信号n.____________19.注意n.意识到v.____________ 20.几个；一些pron.___________21.强壮的adj.____________ 22.(尤指长途)旅行n.__________23.募集；征集v.____________ 24.修理；修补v．____________25.修理；安装v.____________ 26.车轮；轮子n.____________27.失明的adj.____________ 28.聋的adj.____________29.拿；提；扛v．____________ 30.聪明的adj.____________31.变化；改变v.&n.__________ 32.先生n.____________33.夫人；女士n.____________ 34.物主n.____________35.信；函n.____________36.破损的adj.____________37.想象；设想v.____________ 38.训练；培训v.____________39.满足；满意n.____________ 40.岩石n.____________二、词汇拓展1.foot(n.)→_____________(复数)2.lie(v.)→_____________(过去式)→_____________(过去分词)→_____________(现在分词)躺；平躺3.hurt(v.)→_____________(过去式/过去分词)(使)疼痛；受伤4.hit(v.)→_____________(过去式/过去分词)→_____________(现在分词)(用手或器具)击；打5.press(v.)→_____________(n.)压力6.climb(v.)→_____________(n.)登山者；攀登者7.accident(n.)→_____________(adj.)意外的；偶然的8.knife(n.)→_____________(复数)9.importance(n.)→_____________(adj.)重要的→_____________(adj.)不重要的10.death(n.)→_____________(v.)消失；灭亡；死亡→_____________(adj.)死的；失去生命的→_____________(adj.)垂死的11.lonely(adj.)→_____________(adv.)独自；单独12.own(v.)→_____________(n.)物主；主人13.joy(n.)→_____________(近义词)高兴；愉快14.feel(v.)→_____________(n.)感觉；感触→_____________(过去式/过去分词)15.broken(adj.)→_____________(v.)(使)破；裂；碎；破坏16.satisfaction(n.)→_____________(v.)满意→_____________(adj.)满意的17.imagine(v.)→_____________(n.)想象力18.kind(adj.)→_____________(n.)仁慈；善良→_____________(adv.)友好地19.train(v.)→_____________(n.)训练；培训20.understand(v.)→_____________(过去式/过去分词)理解；领会→_____________(adj.)善解人意的21.excited(adj.)→_____________adj.)使人兴奋的；令人激动的→_____________(v.)使激动；使兴奋→_____________(n.)兴奋；激动22.difficulty(n.)→_____________(adj.)困难的三、重点短语1.感冒_______________________________2.胃痛_______________________________3.躺下_______________________________4.量体温_______________________________5.发烧_______________________________6.休息_______________________________7.下车_______________________________8.使……惊讶的；出乎……意料_______________________________9.立即；马上_______________________________10.陷入；参与_______________________________11.习惯于……；适应于……_______________________________12.冒险_______________________________13.用尽；耗尽_______________________________14.切除_______________________________15.离开；从……出来_______________________________16.掌管；管理_______________________________17.放弃_______________________________18.打扫(或清除)干净_______________________________19.(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来_______________________________20.分发；散发_______________________________21.想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)_____________22.推迟___________________23.分发___________________24.打电话给(某人)；征召________25.曾经……；过去……___________26.照顾；非常喜欢_______________27.参加……选拔；试用_____________28.修理；装饰___________________29.赠送；捐赠___________________30.(外貌或行为)像_______________31.建起；设立___________________32.影响；有作用___________________四、重点句型1.—________the________withyou？你怎么了？—Ihaveastomachache.我胃痛。2．________________shedo？她应该怎么做？3．—________Iputsomemedicineonit？我应该放些药在上面吗？—Yes,you________．/No,you________．是的，你应该。/不，你不应该。4．I'll________________cleanupthecityparks.我将帮忙打扫城市公园。5．Shevolunteersthereonceaweek___________kidslearntoread.她每周在那里志愿服务一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。五、熟词生义1.matter (n.)A.问题；事情B.物质C.(询问某人的情况)怎么了D.事态 (v.)E.事关紧要；要紧；有重大影响(1)Unfortunately,thereisnothingwecandotoimprovematters._____(2)Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterincertainareasofthebrain._____(3)Whatmattersiswhatyoudo,notwhatyouknow. _____(4)Hi,John.What’sthematterwithyou？_____2.rest (v.)A.放松；休息(n.)B.放松；休息C.剩余部分(1)Youlooktired!Whynothavearest？ ________(2)Iwilljustrememberhimfortherestofmylife. ________3.interest (n.)A.兴趣B.关注C.吸引力 D.利息E.利益 (v.)F.使感兴趣；使关注(1)Themoneywaspaidwithinterest. ________(2)Therearemanyplacesofinterestnearthecity. ________(3)Shewasactingcompletelyinherowninterest. ________4.trouble (n.)A.问题；苦恼B.疾病；疼痛C.困难；困境 (v.)D.麻烦；打扰 E.使烦恼(1)Makesurenomusicornoisyfamilymemberstroubleyou.________(2)Ifyoucanmakeuseofyoursolo(单独的)time,you’llfindthatitwon’ttroubleyou.________(3)Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblems.________(4)Atruefriendwillneverrunawayfromyouwhenyou’reintrouble. ________5.hit (v.)A.(用手或器具)击；打 B.袭击；攻击C.产生不良影响；危害 (n.)D.受欢迎的人或事物(1)Failingthecollegeentranceexamdidn’treallyhitme.________(2)InChina,thevirushashitthousandsofcomputers,accordingtoQihoo360. ________(3)StoryofYanxiPalacewasabighit.________6.mean (v.)A.意思是B.打算；意欲C.意味着 (adj.)D.吝啬的E.刻薄的(1)Ifyourfriendisbeingmeanorunkindfornoreason,thenyoucantellhimthatheneedstogethisacttogether. ________(2)Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatthecolorredmeansdangerandgreenmeansit’sokaytomoveforward.________(3)Everyonesayshe’sthemeanestmanintown.________7.raise (v.)A.募集；征集 B.喂养(1)ParentsinthecountrysideprefertogivenicknamesincludingGouShengandGouDantotheirkidsinthehopethattheyareaseasytoberaisedasdogs.________(2)WearegivingtheshowtoraisemoneyforProjectHope.________8.fix (v.)A.修理；安装 B.解决(1)Theremightnotbeaperfectmom,butthere’smom’slove,whichcanfixanything. ________(2)Hecan’tfixtheTV. ________9.blind (adj.)A.瞎的，失明的 B.盲目的；无理性的 (v.)C.使失明；使眼花；使失去判断力(1)Whenshewentout,shewasblindedbythesun. ________(2)Hethinksitleadstotoomuchandblindcost. ________10.open (v.)A.开；打开B.开业(n.)C.户外 (adj.)D.开阔的E.畅通的F.开放的；敞开的(1)YMT’ssummercampsareopentoanyoneaged6­17lookingtodeveloptheiracting.________(2)Ababyelephantisoftenbornonopenland.________(3)NowI’vejustopenedmyfirstshop.________(4)Thepassiskeptopenalltheyear. ________(5)Otherbabyanimalsarebornintheopen.________11.change (v.)A.改变；变化 B.换零钱C.换乘；转乘 (n.)D.变化；改变 E.找给的零钱(1)Iknewyougavemeyourownmoneythatday,forthemoneyIlostwasinchange.________(2)Thedrivercouldn’tchangehismoney. ________(3)IstoppedinMoscowonlytochangeplane. ________六、考点清单1.off的用法1.作副词时,意为“离开(某处);起跑;被取消;不工作;休息;不再供应”。e.g.Ihavethreedaysoffnextweek.2.作介词时,意为“从(某处)落下;离开;(时空上)离,距;去掉;戒除”。e.g.Thereisabathroomoffthemainbedroom.3.作形容词时,意为“不新鲜;变质”。e.g.Thefishhasgoneoff.off短语小结getoff下车 putoff推迟showoff炫耀 falloff从……掉下hurryoff匆匆离去 keepoff远离;不接近ringoff挂断电话 payoff付清seeoff送行 turnoff关闭;使厌烦takeoff起飞;脱掉(衣服) giveoff发出(光、热、气味等)cutoff打断;切断;中断 gooff离开;闹钟响;爆炸setoff出发;(使)开始;引起;点燃driveoff赶走;击退;驾车离去;驶去1).(2020玉林）—Eric,canyoucomebacktomybirthdaydinneronJuly7thasusual?—Sorry,Ican't.Thegaokaoofthisyearis_______untilthatdaybecauseoftheCOVID-19.A.putup B.putoff C.puton D.putdown2).（2020荆州）—Whatisitthatsmellssoterrible,Ted?—I’msorryIwill______mysocksandputtheminthewasher.A.takeoff B.giveout C.putup D.keepaway2.hit的用法作及物动词意为“击;打;击中;到达”。常见用法:hit

sb.on/in+身体部位+with

sth.“用某物打某人身体某部位”;hit+身体部位+on/against

sth.“身体某部位碰或撞在某物上”。常用句型:It

hit

sb.that“某人突然意识到……”。作不及物动词意为“(

风暴、疾病等

)袭击;抨击;(

偶然

)碰上”。作名词意为“击;打;打击;轰动一时的人或事物”。辨析beat,knock和hit(1)beat强调连续或反复地打或拍,因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等之类具有连续性或反复性的动作,一般要用beat。此外,它还有“殴打;打败”之意。(2)knock意为“敲;打;撞击”,一般指敲打并伴有响声,常与at/on连用。(3)hit指“打中;对准……来打”,表示有意或无意地打或撞等,往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。1).MaryhitJacktheheadabook.

A.at;with B.on;with C.on;by D.in;by2).AllofasuddenitPeterthathehadforgottenhisfriend’sbirthday.

A.knocked B.happened C.beat D.hit3.lonely和alone的用法1).lonely只能作形容词,表示人主观上感到“孤独的”,感情色彩浓厚;也可修饰地点,意为“荒凉的;偏僻的”。e.g.Ifeellonelywithoutmydog.That’salonelyisland.2.alone可用作副词,意为“单独地,独自地”,相当于byoneself;也可用作形容词,意为“单独的,独自的”,表示客观情况,此时只可作表语。e.g.Shelivesaloneinthevillage.Hewasaloneinthemiddleofthehall.1).（2020荆州）—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—Ican’tdoit_______anylonger.I’llhavetogethelp.A.hard B.quietly C.simply D.alone2).Shelived______inasmallvillage,butshedidn'tfeel_______．A．lonely;lonelyB．alone;lonely C．lonely;alone4.辨析raise和rise辨析含义及用法示例raise使升高。强调“某人把某物举起来”

raise

the

glass举杯raise

one’s

hand举手

增加raise

salaries提高薪资

筹集(资金)；征集(人员)raise

money筹钱raise

an

army招兵

抚养，养育raise

pets养宠物

rise

[rose，risen]上升。强调“某人/某物自己站/升起来”The

sun

rises.太阳升起。The

river

rises.水位上涨。增长The

price

rises.价格上涨。—Thepriceofvegetablessoquicklythesedays.

—Idon’tthinkso.A.affords B.rises C.improves D.raises5.giveup的用法giveup是动副结构短语,意为“放弃;戒除”,若接人称代词作其宾语,代词应位于词组中间;后接V-ing形式作宾语。e.g.Youmustn’tgiveupstudyingforeignlanguagesforevenaday.give短语小结giveout分发;散发 giveaway赠送;捐赠givein屈服;让步 giveback(归)还;回报;恢复（2020云南）Don’t________ourhopes.Aslongaswepulltogether,we’llmakeit.A.giveup B.giveout C.giveback D.giveaway6.辨析be/getusedto(doing)sth.,usedtodosth.与beusedtodosth.辨析含义用法be/get

used

to

(doing)

sth.“习惯于做某事；适应于做某事”主语是人。to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。(be＝get/become)used

to

do

sth.“过去常常做某事”to为不定式符号，后跟动词原形。be

used

todo

sth.“被用来做某事”主语是物。to为不定式符号，后跟动词原形。(be

used

to

do

sth.＝be

used

for

doing

sth.)1).（2020甘肃)I_____sleep

very

well,but

then

I

started

doing

yogaand

it

really

helps.A.didn't

use

to B.used

toC.was

used

to D.wasn't

used

to2).（2020十堰）李梅很勤奋，她习惯于晨读。LiMeiishard-workingandshe____________morningreading.7.“What'sthematter？”句型(1)“What'sthematter？”可用于询问对方有什么问题或不顺心的事，也可询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接“withsb./sth.”，表示“某人/某物怎么了”。(2)matter用作名词时，意为“问题；事情”；用作动词时，意为“要紧；关系重大”，主要用于疑问句或否定句。e.g.Ihaveamattertodiscusswithyou.Itdoesn'tmatter.What'sthematterwithyourbrother？(2020新疆）Paynoattentiontothosewholaughatyou.Whatmost______ishowyouseeyourself.A.drinksB.mattersC.caresD.minds8.mean（meant，meant）打算；意欲e.g.Mynewjobmeanstravelingaroundtheworld.Imeanyoutoworkasourspokesman.Imeanthatwehavetoleaveearly.9.difficulty的用法(1)difficulty是difficult的名词形式，意为“困难；难题”。(2)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难”，difficulty前可以加形容词，如great。e.g.Theyhadgreatdifficulty(in)findingyou.—I'mDaisy,notJessie.—Sorry.Ihavedifficulty________people'sname.A．rememberingB．rememberC．toremember10.imagine的用法11.lie的用法辨析lie和lay词汇词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie躺;位于laylainlyinglie说谎,撒谎liedliedlyinglay放置;产卵laidlaidlaying口诀记忆规则的说谎(规则动词lie—lied—lied),不规则的躺(不规则动词lie—lay—lain),躺过就下蛋(躺的过去式是下蛋的原形),下蛋说付钱(lay,say,pay的过去式和过去分词构成规律相同)。1).（2020桂林）Dianais______（躺，平躺）inthesunatthismoment.2.Thehens50eggslastweek,butthisweektheyaren’t.

A.lay;lying B.laid;laying C.lay;laying D.lied;lying3.Thegirlonthegroundtomethatshehad____thewalletonthedesk.

A.lying;lay;laid B.lying;lied;laid C.lie;lied;lay D.lay;lied;lain12.辨析sick与ill单词用法例句sick既可放be

(系动词)后作表语，也可放名词前作定语。sick

person

＝

patient

病人。常用短语：be

sick

of…讨厌；厌恶……She

is

looking

after

her

sick

father.ill只能放be

(系动词)后作表语，“病人”可以说“a

sick

man”，但不能说“an

ill

man”。常用短语：be

ill

in

hospital

生病住院Tom

is

ill

in

hospital.

Mylittlebrotherwas______.Imustlookafterthe______boy.A.ill;sick B.sick;ill C.ill;ill13.辨析runout,runoutof与useup短语用法run

out句子的主语是表“物”的名词或代词，其后不接宾语，不用于被动语态run

out

of句子的主语是表“人”的名词或代词，其后接宾语use

up句子的主语是表“人”的名词或代词，其后接宾语，可用于被动语态e.g.Ourmoneyranout.＝Weranoutofmoney.＝Weusedupourmoney.＝Ourmoneywasusedup.1.—Theoilontheearthwill______oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A.findout B.workout C.runout2.纸已经用光了。(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________________________七、语法复习：动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。其基本构成形式为“to+动词原形”,to为动词不定式的符号,本身无意义,有时可以省略。动词不定式的具体用法如下:1.作主语:动词不定式作主语可位于句首,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.2.作宾语:常见跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有want,need,decide,ask,learn,hope,begin,agree,plan,refuse,seem,wish,fail,choose,manage,promise,expect,afford等。e.g.Hehopestoseeyousoon.3.作宾语补足语:(1)常见跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask,want,tell,wish,like,teach,invite,advise,allow,order,encourage,warn,get等。e.g.Iinvitedhimtocometomybirthdayparty.(2)常见跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词:“一感”(feel);“二听”(hear,listento);“三使”(make,let,have);“四看”(see,watch,notice,lookat);“一半帮”(help,后接不接to都可以)。e.g.ThisafternoonIwatchedthemplayfootball.4.作表语:动词不定式作表语,一般放在系动词be,seem的后面,主语通常是wish,idea,task,job等名词。e.g.Mywishistobeadoctor.5.作定语:动词不定式作定语,应置于所修饰的词语之后。常接动词不定式作定语的名词有way,time,place,promise,wish等。e.g.Thereisnotimetothink.6.作状语:(1)动词不定式作状语表原因,其结构是“be+adj.+todo”,常搭配的形容词有sorry,happy,sad,glad,pleased,lucky,surprised,able,angry,ready,clever,wrong,right等。e.g.Sheisveryhappytoseeherhusband.(2)动词不定式作状语表结果,常用于too...to...,enoughto...结构中。Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.(3)动词不定式作状语表目的。e.g.Shewenthometohavedinner.1).（2020桂林）Theywant_______afootballmatch.A.notwatch B.watch C.towatch2).（2020邵阳）—Whendoestheonlineclassbegin,Mrs.Grace?—Ateighto'clock.TellCindy__________late.A.notbe B.notbeing C.nottobe3).（2020吉林）Lisaplans_____________anewpicturenextweek.A.draw B.todraw C.drawing八、写作复习：健康与急救写作指导健康与急救是我们生活中经常谈论的话题。此话题涉及的写作出题方向常有以下几种:1.对于健康的看法及建议、运动与健康的关系等;2.如何做到饮食健康,如何保护牙齿、眼睛等;3.探讨熬夜、吸烟等对健康的危害;4.突发事件如何急救等。考生在写作时,首先要仔细审题,确定写作主题和角度。其次,这一话题涉及的文章以说明文和议论文为主,所以写作时,考生应逐一阐述要点,并用恰当的连接词连接起来,使文章条理清晰。文章最后可以进行总结,如健康的意义、呼吁大家养成良好的生活习惯等。重点词汇1.描述病情:haveacold/fever/toothache/headache/nosebleed/stomachache/soreback/sorethroat...,feelworse/better...2.就诊建议:getanX-ray,takeone’stemperature,takebreaks/takeabreak,cutoff...3.生活习惯:healthyeatinghabit,doexercise,usedtodosth.,beusedtodoingsth.,keepfit/healthy...提分句型1.开头句:Moreandmorepeopleknowtheimportanceof...Healthmeansmuchwealthtoeveryone.2.正文句:Toeathealthily,weshouldeathealthyfoodinsteadofjunkfoodatschoolorathome.Weshoulddomoreexerciseinordertokeephealthy.Hetoldmetotakearestanddrinkmorewater.Thedoctoraskedmetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday.3.结尾句:Atlast,wehopethatweall...It’seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit’simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.Ihopeeveryonecankeepingoodhealth.优秀范文(2020黄石）我市某英文杂志社正面向九年级毕业生征文，请从以下要点中选择两到三点，写一篇题为“Howtokeephealthy”的短文，参加此次活动。要点：1.运动有益身心健康。多锻炼，如跑步、爬山、骑车等；2.养成健康的饮食习惯,如多喝水和牛奶，多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃垃圾食品和快餐；3.学习有计划，早睡早起不熬夜，劳逸结合；4.乐观、积极、友好，与同学和睦相处。要求：1.可结合自身事例、适当发挥；语言通顺，意思连贯2.80词左右。（无须写标题，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）参考词汇：keephealthyphysicallyandmentally保持身心健康regularly有规律地optimistic乐观的Keepinghealthyplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.Whatshouldwedotokeephealthy?First,exerciseisgoodforkeepinghealthyphysicallyandmentally.Wecanparticipateinregularexercise,suchascycling,mountainclimbing,runningandsoon.Second,it'sveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.Weshoulddrinkmorewaterandmilk,andeatmorevegetablesandfruits.Andweshouldavoideatingtoomuchjunkfoodandfastfood.Third,weshouldbeoptimistic,positiveandfriendly.Weshouldalsogetalongwellwithclassmates.Ifwetrytodothat,we'llbeahealthierperson.针对练习假如你是李华,你得知你的英国好友Peter由于长时间玩手机游戏,现在出现头痛、眼睛不舒服、睡不好觉等症状。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件,建议他去看医生,并给出关于保持健康的建议。要点提示:1.停止玩手机游戏;2.多做户外(outdoor)运动;3.多结交一些朋友。要求:1.语句通顺、逻辑严密;2.词数80~100(格式及结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。DearPeter,I’msorrytohearthatyou’renotfeelingwellthesedays.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopeyou’llgetbettersoon.Yours,LiHua参考答案重点单词词汇拓展重点短语重点句型五、熟词生义1.DBEC2.BC3.DCE4.DEBC5.CBD6.ECD7.BA8.BA9.CB10.FDBEC11.EBC六、考点清单1.BA2.BD3.DB4.B5.A6.A;is/getsusedto7.B8.A11.lying;BB12.A13.C;Thepaperhasrunoutalready七、语法复习CCB八、写作复习Ithinkyoushouldgotothedoctorfirst.Atthesametimeyouneedtolearntokeephealthy.Lookingatscreensforalongtimewillleadtomanyproblems.Tokeepfit,youneedtostopplayingphonegamesbecauseitwillmakeyourconditionworse.Besidesthis,youshoulddosomeoutdooractivities,whicharegoodforyourhealth.What’smore,youshouldmakemorefriends. Friendscanhelpyoustayawayfromphonegames.八年级(下)Units3—4一、重点单词1.垃圾；废弃物(n.)________ 2.折叠；对折(v.)________3.地板(n.)________ 4.杂乱；不整洁(n.)________5.也不(adv.)两者都不(pron.)_______ 6.衬衫(n.)________7.给；递；走过；通过(v.)________ 8.借；借用(v.)________9.手指(n.)________ 10.讨厌；厌恶(v.)________11.当……的时候;然而(conj.)________ 12.点心；小吃(n.)________13.心理负担(n.)________ 14.提供；供应(v.)________15.(美式)橄榄球；足球________ 16.造成；引起(v.)________17.邻居(n.)________ 18.错误的(adj.)________19.猜测；估计(v.)________ 20.协议；交易(n.)________21.关系；联系；交往(n.)________ 22.云；云朵(n.)________23.年纪较长的(adj.)________ 24.任何；每一(pron.)_______25.焦虑的；担忧的(adj.)________ 26.主动提出(v.)________27.代替；反而；却(adv.)________ 28.合适的(adj.)________29.第二；其次(adv.)________ 30.清楚易懂的(adj.)________31.抄袭；复印(v.)________ 32.归还;返回(v.)________33.(不)再(adv.)________34.成员；分子(n.)________35.压力(n.)________ 36.技艺；技巧(n.)________37.典型的(adj.)________38.持续；继续存在(v.)_______39.不理智的；疯狂的(adj.)________ 40.鞭策；督促(v.)________二、词汇拓展1.sweep(v.)打；打扫→________(过去式/过去分词)2．throw(v.)扔；掷→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)3．lend(v.)借给；借出→________(过去式/过去分词)4．waste(n.)浪费；垃圾(v.)浪费；滥用→________(adj.)浪费的→________(反义词)(v.)节省；节约5．depend(v.)依靠；依赖→_____________(adj.)依赖的；依靠的→___________(n.)依赖；依靠→____________(adj.)独立的；自主的6．develop(v.)发展；壮大→_______________(adj.)发展中的→_______________(n.)发展；发育；成长7．fair(adj.)公平的；公正的→________(adj.)不公平的；不公正的→___________(n.)公平；公正性8．ill(adj.)有病；不舒服→________(n.)病；疾病9．drop(v.)落下；掉下→________(过去式/过去分词)→__________(现在分词)10．wrong(adj.)有毛病的；错误的→________(反义词)(adj.)正确的11．communicate(v.)沟通；交流→_______________(n.)交流；沟通12．explain(v.)解释；说明→____________(n.)解释；说明13．compete(v.)竞争；对抗→___________(n.)竞争；竞赛14．quick(adj.)快的→________(adv.)快地；迅速地15．compare(v.)比较；对比→____________(n.)对比16．usual(adj.)通常的；寻常的→________(adv.)通常地→________(adj.)不寻常的；不一般的17．argue(v.)争吵；争论→___________(n.)争吵；争论三、重点短语1.倒垃圾________________________________2.频繁；反复________________________________3.一……就……________________________________4.目的是；为了________________________________5.依靠；信赖________________________________6.照顾；处理________________________________7.快速查看；浏览________________________________8.成功地发展；解决________________________________9.和睦相处；关系良好________________________________10.代替________________________________11.扔下________________________________12.删除；删去________________________________13.比较；对比________________________________14.依……看________________________________15.没问题________________________________16.惊讶地________________________________17.走过来________________________________18.整理床铺________________________________19.和……吵架________________________________20.了解________________________________四、重点句型1.—________________________cleanyourroom？你能打扫你的房间吗？—Sure,Mom.当然可以，妈妈。2．We'llcallyou________________________wegetthere.我们一到达那里就给你打电话。3．—Idon'tlikethiskindoffood.我不喜欢这种食物。—________________I．我也不喜欢。4．________________youtalktoyourparents？你为什么不和你父母谈谈？5．Myparentsdon'tallowmeto______________withmyfriends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。6．________hewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反，他看他想看的任何节目，一直到深夜。7．Othersarepracticingsports________________theycancompeteandwin.其他人都在进行体育训练，以便他们能参加竞赛并且获胜。五、熟词生义1.mess (n.)A.杂乱；不整洁B.困境 (v.)C.使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱(1)Theeconomyisinamess. ________(2)Becareful—you’remessingmyhair. ________2.pass (v.)A.给；递；走过；通过B.传球C.及格；结束D.推移；逝去 (n.)E.及格；合格；通过F.关口G.通行证(1)Exchangeyourboardingpassatthecounter. ________(2)ShegotapassinFrench. ________(3)Thepeoplecouldnotfindapassthroughthetallmountainstothewestoftheriver.________(4)Fortunately,allthestudentsinourclasspassedtheexam.________(5)Astimepassed,peoplebegantoseetheneedtoprotecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources(资源)．________3.waste (v.)A.浪费；滥用 (adj.)B.废弃的，丢弃的，无用的 C.荒芜的 (n.)D.垃圾 E.浪费F.废料；废物 (1)Pleasepickupthewastepaperonthefloor. ________ (2)Nowadaysfactoriestrytoseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasiertobereused. ________ (3)Thecarwasfoundonapieceofwasteground. ________4.develop (v.)A.发展；壮大B.(使)成长，(使)发展C.开发；研制 D.培养E.患病(1)Thestudyfoundthatyoungmenweremorelikelytodevelopdepressionthanyoungwomengiventhesameamountofmediause.________(2)Insuchareas,Icanhelptodeveloptheabilitiesofothersandbringouttheirbest. ________(3)Thecompanydevelopsandsellsnewsoftwares.________(4)Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills. ________5.drop (v.)A.掉下，落下 B.降低；减少 (n.)C.滴，水珠(1)Raindropsfellonthetravelersthroughtheopenwindow. ________(2)IntheUK,salesofe-booksaredroppingwhilesalesofpaperbooksarerising. ________6.clear(adj.)A.清楚易懂的；明白的B.清澈的；晴朗的C.显然的(v.)D.澄清E.移走；清除；恢复畅通F.天气转晴；变清澈；(烟雾)等消散(1)Andthere’sprobablynobettertimetocleartheirnamesthannowduringtheYearofthePig.________(2)Theskyclearedafterthestorm. ________(3)Thewaterwassoclearthatwecouldseethebottomofthelake._____(4)Sheclearedherthroatandsaid,“Goodafternoon,IamEmily.”_____(5)Itwasclearthathewasahomelesscatbecausehelookedthinandweak. ________7.copy (v.)A.复制；模仿 B.复印；抄袭 (n.)C.抄本，副本；复印件 D.一本(份，册……)(1)Pleasekeepcopiesofyourtext,picturesorphotos.________(2)Morethantwomillioncopieshavebeensold.________8.cause (v.)A.造成；引起 (n.)B.原因；起因(1)Acausewouldalwaysleadtoaresult.________(2)Thebadweatheriscausingproblemstomanyfarmers.________六、考点清单1.neither的用法1).neither作代词时,意为“两者都不”,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,常用于“neitherof+名词/代词宾格”结构,其中名词之前必须有限定词,如my,the,any,these等。e.g.Neitherofmyparentsenjoysmusic.2).neither作形容词时,意为“(两者)都不”,置于可数名词单数之前。e.g.Neitherchairiscomfortable.3).neither作副词时,意为“也不”,置于句首,句子用倒装语序。neither也可用nor替换。“neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所表述的否定情况也适用于后者;“neither/nor+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示后者赞同前面的否定观点。e.g.—Icouldn’tdoanythingforher.—Noryoucould,butyoumighthavegotsomebodytohelpher.4).neither作连词时,可构成neither...nor...结构,意为“既不……也不……”,与both...and...意思相反。当neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。e.g.NeitherhenorIamabletounderstandthemeaningofthewords.练一练1).（2020十堰）—Whatwouldyoulike,juiceorcoffee?—______.Ijustwantaglassofwater.A.Both B.Neither C.Either D.None2).（2020绥化）—Willyougotothemoviestomorrow?—Ifyoudon'tgo,__________.A.neitherdoIB.neitherwon'tIC.neitherwillI2.while的用法1.while作名词时,意为“一段时间;一会儿”。e.g.Ihaven’tseenhimforquiteawhile.2.while作连词:(1)意为“在……期间;当……的时候”时,引导的从句谓语动词只能是延续性的;而when引导的时间状语从句中既可以用延续性动词表示状态或时间段,也可以用非延续性动词表示动作或时间点。当主从句动作同时发生,且从句谓语动词是延续性动词时,while,when,as这三个词可以互换。e.g.While/When/AsIwasstudyingyesterday,itsuddenlysnowed.(2)意为“与……同时”,表示两件事情同时发生。as也可表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生,表示一件事情发生时,另一件事也在发生。when表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。e.g.WhileIwassleeping,hewaswritinghispaper.(3)意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。e.g.IlikeEnglishwhilemybrotherdoesnot.(4)意为“虽然;尽管”。e.g.Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.(5)意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。e.g.Whilethereiswater,thereishopeoflife.练一练1).（黔东南）-________didtherainstormcome,Mr.Liu?-Whilewe______achemistrylessonyesterdayafternoon.When;havehad B.When;werehaving C.While;arehaving D.While;have2).（2020长沙）—WhathappenedtoMrsSmart?—Shecutherselfwhileshe________lunch.A.prepares B.ispreparing C.vide的用法辨析provide,offer和give(1)provide主要指提供所需之物,尤其是生活必需品。接双宾语时多与介词for或with连用。e.g.Theyprovideuswithfood.(2)offer指提供帮助、服务或令人向往之物,多含有“主动提供”之意。可接不定式作宾语,接双宾语时可与介词to连用。e.g.Heofferedsomeusefuladvicetous.(3)give意为“供给;给出”,多指一般性地给出或因别人需要而给。接双宾语时可与介词to连用。e.g.Canyougiveajobtome?练一练1).Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater_______about570millionchildren.

A.with B.for C.towards D.against2).Manytouristspreferfive-starhotelsbecausetheythinkexpensivehotelsalways______guestswithbetterservice.

A.offer B.give C.present D.provide4.allow的用法allow为动词,意为“允许;准许;让”,后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。常见用法:allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”;allowdoingsth.“允许做某事”;beallowedtodosth.“被允许做某事”。e.g.Ifyouallowme,Iwillsendyouback.Hisparentsallowedhimtostayoutlate.Smokingisnotallowedinthehall.使役动词let和make也可以表示“让某人做某事”。使役动词后接动词原形作宾语补足语,但是当变为被动语态时需要加上不定式符号to,即belettodosth.,bemadetodosth.。e.g.Sheoftenmakesherchilddohomeworkallday.Sheismadetofollowtherules.练一练1).Thestudentsinthisschooltochoosetheirownschooluniforms(校服).

A.areallowed B.allowedC.areallowing D.wereallowing2).Theirparentsdon’tallowthemintheriverbecauseit’sreallydangerous.

A.swim B.swimmingC.toswim D.pare的用法compare作动词,意为“比较;对比”,常与with或to连用。compare...with...意为“把……和……相比”;compare...to...意为“把……比作……”。e.g.Mymotheralwayscomparesmewithotherkids.Peopleliketocompareteacherstocandles.练一练(2020鄂尔多斯)与过去的定位系统相比，北斗定位系统更精准更强大。____________________thepositioningsystemsinthepast,B