语法第一讲讲义与练习 七年级英语上册

语法第一讲【感叹句】1.What为引导词的感叹句有以下三类：Whatakindmanheis!Whatinterestingbookstheyare!Whatexcitingnewsitis!总结:___________________________________________2.How为引导词的感叹句有以下三类：Howkindthemanis!Howexcitingthenewsis!Howwonderfullyyousangthesongs!Howfastheruns!总结:___________________________________________练习：1、这部电影真乏味啊！我都快睡着了。__________________movieitwas!Ialmostfellasleep.2、你们自己算出了这道数学题。多么聪明的孩子啊！You’veworkedoutthemathsproblemyourselves._____________childrenyouare!3、你的手好脏啊！快去洗！___________________yourhandsare!Goandwashthemnow.4、多么美丽而宁静的岛啊!beautifulandquietislanditis!5、时间过得真快啊！____________thetimepassed!6、这个英语节目真精彩。_____________________Englishprogram______!7、多有用的建议啊！我该早点来找你。_____________________advice!Ishouldhavecometoyouearlier.8、多么好的消息啊！__________________________newsitis!9、北京将举办2022年冬奥会。这是个多么令人激动的消息啊！BeijingwillholdWinterOlympicGamesin2022._________________newsitis!10、这花园里的花真漂亮啊！___________________theflowersareinthisgarden!11、这是多么有用的建议呀！谢谢你！___________________________thisis!Thankyou!12、他给我们提供了一条多么有价值的建议啊!_____________________hegaveus!13、多么恐怖的消息啊！所有人都害怕极了。_________________newsitwas!Everybodywasreallyafraid.14、多么糟糕的天气啊！___________________weatheritis!按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词。1.Theseflowersareverybeautiful.(改为感叹句)

______________theseflowersare!2.Thelittleboyisveryclever.(改为感叹句)

______________thelittleboyis!3.It’safunnystory.(改为感叹句)

_____________________storyitis!4.Whatagoodgirlsheis!(改为同义句)

_____________________girlsheis!5.Howdeliciousthefoodis!(改为同义句)

______________fooditis!6.Theyarerunningfast.(改为感叹句)

______________theyarerunning!7.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.(改为感叹句)

______________lovelygirlhersisteris!

______________hersisteris!8.Ihavereadaveryinterestingbook.(改为感叹句)

_____________________bookIhaveread!9.Yourdictionaryisveryuseful.(改为感叹句)

______________yourdictionaryis!10.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.(改为感叹句)

______________thechildrenaresinginganddancing!【情态动词】情态动词（后面都跟动词原形）情态动词(Modalverbs)本身有一定的词义，但是不能独立作谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。can和cannot用来表示“能力”,意思是____________和______________；Eg:Icanswim.can=__________________________；can的过去式是_________may和maynot用来表示许可，请求，意思是__________和__________在口语中，can可以代替may表示许可、请求，而may比较正规。must和mustnot用来表示自己的主观看法或要求别人必须做某事，意思是__________和__________.辨析：haveto表示不得不，必须，强调客观需要，must表示说话人的主观需要。4.need和needn’t表示“需要，必要”，仅用于否定句或疑问句。-NeedIweartakeumbrellatoday？-No,youneedn’t.Itissunny./Yes,youmust.情态动词表推测：Hemustbeintheclassroom.“一定”（肯定语气)Hemay/mightbeintheclassroom.“可能，也许”(不很肯定)Hemay/mightnotbeintheclassroom.“也许不”(表否定)Hecan’tbeintheclassroom.”一定不”(must的反义)练习：1.-MayIstopmycarhere?-No,you____________.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.don'thaveto2.Mustwecleanthehousenow?No,you____________.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't3.Johnny,you____________playwiththeknife,you____________hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’t

B.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;must

D.can’t;shouldn’t4.TomhasseveralhousesinLondon,sohe____________beveryrich.A.may

B.must

C.can

D.might5.Peter____________comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.must

B..may

C.can

D.will6.—Iheard

theywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.

—It____________truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbe

B.won’tbe

C.can’tbe

D.mustn’tbe【冠词】冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法：1指一类人或事，相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4表示“相同”相当于thesameWearenearlyofanage.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事AMr.SmithcametovisityouwhenyouwereoutThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.

II.定冠词的用法：1用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean2表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?3用于乐器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar4表示“一家人”或“夫妇”theGreens,theWangs5用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.6上文提到的事物，再次提到Ihaveapen,thepenisverybeautiful.7用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前Hheeas8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrenchIII.零冠词的用法：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air2名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制Iwantthisbook,notthatone./

Whosepurseisthis?3球类，棋类名词前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.4与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair,byland

Practice（）1.——WhatdoesMrBlackdo?

——Heis______Englishteacher.

A/

Bthe

Can

Da

(

)2.____traingoesfasterthan_____bus.

A.A;a

B.A;the

C.The;the

DThe;a

(

)3.It’searly.Wehavehalf_____hourtogo.

Aan

Ba

Cthe

D/

(

)4.Eveningcame,wecouldsee____oldmansittingunder____talltree.

Aan;/

Bthe;/

Ca;the

Da;the

(

)5.Wehave______lunchin_____middleof____day.

A/;a;/

Bthe;/;an

Ca;the;/

D/;the;the

(

)6.——Whichonedoyouwant?

——______blueone,Ithink.

A.The

B.A

C.An

D.不填(

)7.—DoesJimhave_______ruler？

—Yes，hehas_______．

A．an；some

B．a；one

C．a；／

D．any；one(

)8.Thereis_______

oldbike．_______oldbikeisMrZhao's．

A．an；The

B．the；An

C．a；The

D．the；The(

)9._______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway．

A．The

B．A

C．An

D．Two(

)10.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave？

—Ihave_______

book．That's_______

Englishbook．

A．a；an

B．a；oneC．one；an

D．one；one(

)11.AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby．

A．a

B．an

C．the

D．／(

)12._______tigeris_______

China．

A．The；a

B．A；the

C．The；from

D．The；the(

)13.Wecan'tsee_______

sunat_______

night．

A．the；the

B．the；／

C．a；／

D．／；／(

)14._______usefulbookitis！

A．Whatan

B．Howa

C．Whata

D．What(

)15.Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag．Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag．

A．a；an；the

B．a；a；the

C．an；an；an

D．the；a；a(

)16._______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______

Englishwellat_______meeting．

A．An；an；a

B．The；／；an

C．The；／；a

D．The；／；the(

)17._______GreatWallis_______

longestwallintheworld．

A．A；a

B．The；the

C．A；the

D．The；a(

)18._______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver．

A．The；a

B．A；／

C．A；the

D．An；the(

)19._______womanoverthereis_______

popularteacherinourschool．

A．A；an

B．The；a

C．The；the

D．A；the(

)20.Heusedtobe_______

teacherbutlaterheturned_______

writer．

A．a；a

B．a；the

C．／；a

D．a；／【四朵“金花”】sbspendsometime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth

;sbpaysomemoneyforsth/todosth（3）Ittakessbsometimetodosth

（4）sthcostsbsomemoney填空He______anhourrepairinghisbrokenbikeyesterday.It______himthewholedaytohelphisgrandparentsdothehouseworklastSunday.EverydayI________twohours

________________myhomework.Thebook______me20yuan.Theboy______20dollarsfortheflowersandsentthemtohismother.Willyou_____somuchmoney______thiscar?完成句子1、你们有功课要做，所以不应该花太多时间收集邮票。Youhaveyourhomeworktodo,soyoushouldn’t_______toomuchtime________stamps.2、他花了差不多一个星期来修理好这个飞机模型。________