Unit8单元语法讲解和练习 人教版英语八年级上册

人教版英语八年级上册Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?单元语法讲解和练习Grammar语法讲解1.祈使句以下句子均为祈使句。1.Goandwashyourhands.(命令)2.Bequiet(please).(请求)3.(Please)Bekindtoyoursister.(劝告)4.Takeataxi,oryou'llmissyourclass.(建议)5.Lookout!Danger!(警告)6.Keepoffthegrass.(禁止)表达命令、请求、劝告、建议、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。1.祈使句:基本结构(1)行为动词开头由“_动词原形+其他部分”构成，动词没有人称和时态的变化。■Makeasentencewiththeword"peace".■Haveagreattime.(2)动词Be开头由"Be+其他部分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)“构成。Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.(3)Let开头由“Let+宾语+动词原形+其他部分”(动作执行不包含听话者)或"Let's+动词原形+其他部分”(动作执行包含听话者在内)构成。■Lethimgobacknow.Letustryagain.(不含听话者)让我们再试一下吧。■Let'stryagain.咱们再试一下吧。祈使句:否定形式(1)行为动词和be开头的祈使句的否定形式为在句首加Never或Don't■Never/Don'tsaythatagain!■Never/Don'tbecareless.。(2)Let开头的祈使句■Don'tletmegowithhertomorrow.=■Letmenotgowithhertomorrow.可在Let前加Don't，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。如果以Let's开头的祈使句，必须在Let's后加not。Let'snottellherthetruthwheneverwemeether.(3)no开头祈使句表否定■NoPhotos!禁止拍照!■NoEntry!禁止入内!■NoPassing!禁止通行!■NoSmoking!禁止吸烟!常用于在公共场合的提示语中，结构为“No+名词/动名词’Grammar语法练习I.单项选择1.________upearlytomorrow,oryoucan'tcatchthetrain.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Got2.________inthestreet.It'sdangerous.A.NotplayB.NottoplayC.Don'tplayD.Don'ttoplay3.Please________mesomemoney,willyou?A.lendB.lendingC.tolendD.belend4.Thefilmisabouttobegin.Please________seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being5.________theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Kept6.Herdoctorsaid:“________worksohard."A.StopB.Don'tC.Can'tD.No7.Cindy,________tobehereat8o'clock.A.issureB.issurethatC.willbesureD.besure8.________whenyoucrosstheroad.A.DocareB.CareC.DobecarefulD.Tobecareful9.________inbed.It'sbadforyoureyes.A.NottoreadB.Don'treadC.Don'ttoreadD.Notread10.________yourchild.We'lllookafterhim.A.NottoworryaboutB.Don'tworryaboutC.NotworryforD.Don'tworrywith2.可数不可数名词注意事项1.可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如:desk-desks,apple-apples等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词，没有复数形式。如:somebread,alittlemilk,abowlofrice等。2.单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the。■Heisafactoryworker.■Thebookonthedeskismine.不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。■Noonecanseeair.3.可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some,any,alotof,lotsof等来修饰，表示“一些，许多”。■Therearesomeorangesonthedesk.■Thereisalotofwaterinthebottle.4.可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:twoapples,fourbooks等。不可数名词前通常用“单位词+of"来表示数量。如:apieceofpaper,threepiecesofpaper等。5.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数“单位词"时，谓语动词要用复数形式。■Thewaterintheriverisclear.■Therearetwocupsofteaonthetable.6.对可数名词前的修饰语提问用howmany;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用howmuch注意:对不可数名词前的"单位词"的修饰语提问时，疑问词用howmany。■Howmanyapplesarethereinthebox?■Howmuchteaisthereinthecup?■Howmanypiecesofbreadarethereontheplate?Grammar语法练习II.用所给名词适当形式填空1.Howmany_________(sheep)arethereonthehill?2.Thereissome_________(food)inthebasket.3.Thebabyhasonlytwo_________(tooth)now.4.Thereisalotof_________(water)inthebottle.5.Therearefive_________(people)inhisfamily.6.Let'stake_________(photo),OK?7.Ihavelotsof_________(tomato)here.8.The_________(leaf)onthetreeturnyellow.9.The_________(child)areplayinggamesontheplaygroundnow.10.Their_________(dictionary)looknew.11.Iseeyouhaveafewwhite_________(hair).12.Theyare_________(woman)doctors.13.Canyougivemesomebottlesof_________(orange),please?14.Therearemany_________(fox)inthepicture.15.Iwouldlikesomeapple_________(juice).Iamverythirsty.参考答案：I.单项选择1-5BCAAA6-10B