高三英语第一轮复习指导课件12

Unit12Factandfantasy(2009·北京)请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50。________________________________________[参考答案]Whataninterestingpicture!AWesternyoungman,sittingatatable,isreadytoeatabowlofnoodles.HeisholdingtwoforksthesamewayasweChineseholdchopsticks.Heistryingsohardtopickupthenoodlesthatheissweatingalot.Atfirstglance,Ithinkit’sabitfunny,forweChinesetakeforgrantedthatchopsticksarethetoolsforeatingnoodles.Themaninthepictureistryingtocopyus.Obviouslyheisdoingitthehardway.Maybeusingoneforkwilldoabetterjob.Inmyopinion,wedon’tneedtocopyothers’waysofthinking.Sometimesasimplerwayofdoingthingsmaybeabetterway.Ⅰ.重点单词1．______(vi.) 踌躇；犹豫2．______(n.) 努力；(体力)劳动3．______(n.) 现象；奇迹4．______(adj.) 聪明的；杰出的；耀眼的5．______(adj.) 温和的；温柔的；文雅的6．______(adj.) 永久的；固定的[答案]1．hesitate2.labour3.phenomenon4.brilliant5．gentle6.permanentⅡ.词汇拓展1．hesitate→______(n.)踌躇，犹豫2．brilliant→______(n.)光辉，显赫3．prisoner→______(n.)监狱→______(v.)监禁4．collision→______(vi.)碰撞；抵触5．apply→______(n.)申请者→______(n.)应用；申请6．botany→______(adj.)植物学的7．belief→______(v.)相信，信任→______(adj.)可信的[答案]1．hesitation2.brilliance3.prison;imprison4．collide5.applicant;application6.botanical7．believe;believableⅢ.重点短语1．begin______从……开始，首先2．contrary______与……相反3．burn______烧尽，烧掉4．slow______减缓(速度等)5．dream______梦想……6．cut______切碎；剪碎7．defend...______...保卫……免于……8．turn______结果(是)9．______out出发；上路10．______sb.ofsth.提醒某人某事11．______aliving谋生12．______true实现[答案]1．with2.to3.out4.down5.of6.up7．against8.out9.set10.remind11.make12．comeⅣ.重点句型1．...itisbelievedtobecausedbyaseamonster.……人们相信这是由一只海怪引起的。2．Theyfindthemselvessurroundedbycolourfulrocks,fishes,seashellsandplants,allwavingandmovingslowlyinthebluewaters.他们发现自己被五彩斑斓的岩石、鱼类、贝类和海洋植物所包围着，他们都在蓝色的海水中随波起伏，慢慢地移动着。Ⅴ.重点语法WordFormation2(构词法2)Ⅰ.词汇聚焦1．hesitatevi.→n.hesitation犹豫[思维拓展]

hesitateinspeaking说话吞吞吐吐withouthesitation毫不犹豫地feelsomehesitationinacceptinginvitation对接受邀请有点犹豫不决Withoutamoment’s______，shejumpedintotheriverafterthechild.A.waiting B.hesitateC.hesitation D.silence解析：without作为介词，后面须跟n.,pron.或v.－ing。wait本身可作n.，故可排除A；B为动词；D为“沉默”，与题意不符。答案：C2．commonadj.共同的，共用的，普通的，常见的[思维拓展]havesth.incommon和……有共同之处havenothingincommon和……没有共同之处incommonwith和……一样，与……有共同之处becommonto/forsb.对……共有的(常见的)[指点迷津]common,general,ordinary与usualcommon指符合全体事物共同特征的、普遍的，如：commonsense“常识”；用于物指“不稀奇，很平常”，用于人指“没有职业，不高贵”。general指相对于个别而言，一般的。如：generalknowledge“普通知识”；用于物指“包括一切的，很少有例外的”，用于人指“绝大多数人都适用的”。ordinary用于物指平常的，平淡的，用于人指“无特殊地位的，没有优越感的”。如：ordinarydress“便服”。usual强调习惯性，一贯如此。如：asusual“照例”。______otheryoungmen,healsoenjoyspopmusic.A.Comparedwith B.IncommonwithC.Exceptfor D.Speakingof解析：由于受后面also的限制，A、C不合句意和结构。D项与he的逻辑关系不对，不能选择。句意是“与其他年轻人一样，他也喜欢流行音乐”。故选B。答案：B3．dislikev.&n.不喜欢，厌恶[思维拓展]dislike＋n.不喜欢……dislikedoingsth.不喜欢干某事haveadislikeof/for不喜欢……likesanddislikes好恶takeadisliketo对……产生反感[指点迷津]dislike等由否定意义的词缀构成的词，要按常规构成反意疑问句。如：Shedislikesswimming,doesn’tshe?Thatisunusual,isn’tthat?比较：Sheseldomgoestoswim,doesshe?Hehardlywritestoyou,doeshe?______hissister,Jackisquietanddoesnoteasilymakefriendswithothers.A.Dislike B.UnlikeC.Alike D.Liking解析：A为v.“不喜欢，厌恶”；B为prep.“不像，和……不同”；C为adj.“相像的，相似的”；D为n.“爱好”。根据题干，此处应使用prep.。答案：B4．desirev.&n.渴望，希望；愿望，要求[思维拓展]desiresth.desiretodosth.desiresb.todosth.Themanagerdesiredthatallofus______assoonaspossible.A.takemeasures B.tookmeasuresC.totakemeasures D.takingmeasures解析：desire后跟从句须用虚拟语气，且should可以省略，desire后不跟动名词。答案：A5．doubtn.&v.怀疑[思维拓展]indoubt不能确定withoutdoubt毫无疑问地throwdoubtupon...对……表示怀疑Thereisnodoubtabout毫无疑问……。havenodoubtabout毫无疑问[指点迷津]①doubt用作动词，后接从句，主句是肯定句，用if或whether引导，主句是疑问句或否定句则用that引导。Idoubtwhetherhe’llbesuccessful.Idon’tdoubtthathe’llbesuccessful.Doyoudoubtthathe’llbesuccessful?②名词doubt后接同位语从句，否定句、疑问句用that引导，肯定句用whether引导。Thereisnodoubtthathe’llbesuccessful.Isthereanydoubtthathe’llbesuccessful?Ihavedoubtwhetherhe’llbesuccessful.Isthereanydoubt______itisgoingtorain?A.if B.whetherC.when D.that解析：在疑问句、否定句中，doubt后面的从句用that引导。在肯定句中，doubt后的从句用whether/if引导。答案：DⅡ.短语突破1．throw...upon/on把……投向……，把……引导到……[思维拓展]throwlightupon阐明，使明白throwshadowson把影子投射到throwdoubton对……产生怀疑throwaway扔掉throw...at...向着……扔……throwon/off匆匆穿上/脱下……oprison把某人关进监狱Whatapity!He______theonlychanceofsuccess.A.threwaway B.putdownC.gavein D.brokeoff解析：throwaway“扔掉；坐失(良机等)”；putdown“写下，记下；平息”；givein“屈服，投降”；breakoff“折断”。根据句意“他失去了最后的成功机会，真遗憾！”，答案应为throwaway。答案：A2．dealwith对付，处理[思维拓展]①对付，应付，处理，安排Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.以其人之道还治其人之身。②论述，涉及abookdealingwithAsianproblems一本论述亚洲问题的书③做买卖dealwiththatstore和那家商店做买卖[指点迷津]dowith①与……相处②忍受③对付，处置④havedonewith做完，用毕，已和……无关，已和……断绝关系⑤havetodowith和……有关，和……打交道⑥dowith与dealwith都可表示“处理”，其不同点在于dealwith常与连接副词how连用，而dowith常与连接代词what连用。3．makealiving[思维拓展]makealiving谋生earnaliving谋生plainliving简朴的生活adeclineinlivingstandards生活水平的下降wayoflife生活方式thegreatestlivingEnglishwriter还活在世上的英国最伟大的作家①Sheearnsalivingasawriter.②Whatdoyoudoforaliving?③Shehasnolivingrelatives.4．cutup[思维拓展]cutup切碎，砍碎，使伤心cutoff切断；砍断cutout切掉；剪下；戒除，改掉cutdown砍；削减，减少cutin插嘴；超车抢道Withtheelectricity______，allthemachinesstopped.A.cutoff B.cutdownC.wascutoff D.wascutdown解析：此处with复合结构的宾语electricity与cutoff存在被动关系，因此用过去分词的形式表被动。cutdown“砍倒；削减”与句意不符。答案：A5．beginwith[思维拓展]beginwith＝startwith以……开始endwith＝endupwith以……结束

[指点迷津]endup“以……而告终”，含有“最终结局不好”之意。Manybattleswerebroughtaboutbutthesettlers______betterlandthantheNativeAmericans.A.endedwith B.endedupinC.finishedwith D.endedupas解析：end(up)with“以……而结束”；endupas“最终成为……”。答案：A6．onboard上船(或火车、公共汽车、飞机等)[思维拓展]goonboard上船/上火车/上飞机stayonboard在船上/火车上/飞机上①Theshiphad500passengersonboard.②Thereweretenmenonboardtheplane.③I’llmanagetogoonboardsomehow.Oneofthesailorswasnot______whentheshipsailedoff.A.ontheboard B.inboardC.onboard D.abovetheboard解析：onboard是一个固定词组，board前不加冠词。答案：C

Ⅲ.句型归纳Theyfindthemselvessurroundedbycolourfulrocks,fishes,seashellsandplants,allwavingandmovingslowlyinthebluewaters.他们发现自己被五彩的岩石、鱼类、贝类及海中植物包围着，它们都在蓝色的海水中慢慢地游动着，移动着。(1)findthemselvessurroundedby...结构是“find＋宾语＋宾补”的形式，表示“发现某人/某物怎么样了”。“findoneself＋宾语”表示“发现自己不知不觉处于某种状态”。[思维拓展]

findsb./sth.tobe“发现某人/某物是”Hehurriedtothestationonly______thetrain______.A.tofind;hadleftB.finding;leftC.found;leaveD.tohavefound;toleave解析：考查不定式作结果状语和find的用法。现在分词和不定式都可以表示结果，但现在分词往往表示意料之中的事情，而不定式多表示出乎意料的事情，根据题意分析表示的是出乎意料的事情，因此用不定式作结果状语。第二个空用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，表示到达车站时火车已经离开。答案：A(2)．..allwavingandmovingslowlyinthebluewaters该结构为独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。[思维拓展]①Timepermitting,we’llgoo