高中英语牛津译林版Unit2Peopleonthemove unit

Unit2PeopleonthemoveFloridaCultureFromthecityofTampa,Florida,youcangowestinanydirectionandrunintoover60differentalookintothetraditionalFlorida,woods,wildlife,andlesspopulation,trytheHillsboroughRiverparksandrecreationareasallalongtheofthelock,andsouthofLakeParkisonthenarrowsofthefreshwateroftheriver,northofthecityofareas,withplaygroundequipmentarenestledamongthetreesofthehikingtrailsgiveyouaoneononewiththefloraandwildlifenativetothethe3­storeytowertothetreetoplevelforanoverviewoftherivertoseealligator,turtles,otters,birds,andfish.HistoryThefirstEuropeantocometoFloridawasJuanPoncedeLeon，whoisthoughttohavelandedsomeplacenearSaintAugustineintheearly16thSpanishexplorerclaimedtheterritoryforhisnativecountry,namingthelandafterPascuadeFlorida,theSpanishEastercolonizationattemptsbyLeonfailedmainlybecauseofattacksbythearea'sindigenouspeopleanddiseases,bothofwhichkilledmanyofhisSpainwasabletocolonizeFlorida,aswellasmuchoftheSouthernpartoftheUnitedStates,territorytheyhelduntiltheBritishtookoverpartoftheareainthe1700's.Floridawasstilllargelypopulatedbyitsnativepeople,theSeminoles,wellintothe18ththeareabecamemoreandmorepopularforwhitesettlerstomoveinto,PresidentAndrewJacksonbeganaprogramtohavetheSeminolesremoved，spendingmillionsofdollarsandcostingmanylives,bothwhiteandnative.In1845Floridabecamethe27thstateintheUS,withapopulationofabout90,000thestateishometomillionsandhasadiverseeconomybasedontourism,agriculture,andtechnology.1．WhereisLettuceLakePark?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．WhendidFloridabecomethe27thstateintheUS?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】isonthenarrowsofthefreshwateroftheriver，northofthecityofTampa.2．In1845.SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing词义搭配 A．asuddenincreaseintradeandeconomicactivity；aperiodofwealthandsuccess2．pension B．toprovidefoodanddrinksforasocialevent3．slipC．abletochangetosuitnewconditionsorsituations4．cater D．moneypaidbygovernmentsorcompaniestooldpeople whodon'tworkanymore5．boom E．aspecialrightoradvantagethataparticularpersonor groupofpeoplehas(have)6．flexible F．tostopworking，especiallywhenyoureachtheagewhen youareofficiallytoooldtowork7．swap G．toslideashortdistanceaccidentallysothatyoufallor nearlyfall8．privilege H．togivereceiveexchange【答案】短语填空beonthemove；o；makesense；caterto；one's(own)fleshandblood；lookat；makeup；headfor；avarietyof；accordingto1．Sixdoctorsand10nurses__________themedicalteam.2．Nobodycan________hisnovel______atelevisionfilm.3．TheTVshowisto____________youngchildrenaudiences.decidedto________homeafterstayingintheearthquakeareaforafewdays.5．Hegaveme____________reasonsforhiscominglate.6．Wecanunderstandhismeaning________whathesaid.【答案】up；intoto4．headforvarietyofto背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法1．Thequestionis,though，whyaresomanypeopleretiringandspendingtheirpensionsinFlorida?但问题是，为什么这么多人退休后要去佛罗里达州，并且把他们的养老金花在哪里呢？2．Angela,21，adds，“I'dlovetostayinthecommunitywhereIgrewup,buttherearenogoodjobs.”21岁的安杰拉补充道：“我挺乐意住在我长大的社区里，但是那里没有好的工作。”3．Fordecades，Floridahasbeenattractingolderpeople.几十年来，佛罗里达州一直吸引着老年居民。

从三个选项中选择最佳答案1．Whatisthetopicofthearticle?A．ThepopulationintheUSA.B．ThelifeofpeopleintheUSA.C．ThemovementofpeopleintheUSA.2．WhyareyoungpeopleintheUSAmovingtocities?A．Citiesaremoreexcitingandhavemorejobopportunities.B．Youngpeopledon'tlikethecountrylife.C．Therearenojobopportunitiesinthecountry.3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonformanypeoplespendingtheirlateryearsinFlorida?A．Theywantbetterhealthcare.B．Theylookforcommunitiesofolderpeople.C．Theycangetalotofmoneyfromthegovernment.4．Whattwogroupsarediscussedinthearticle?A．Peopleover60yearsoldandyoungadults.B．Childrenandtheirparents.C．Youngpeoplewhowantjobsandoldpeople.【答案】完成下列表格PopulationmovementintheUSAinthesunfactsOlderAmericansareaged60andoverarestateslikehasbeenolderpeopleforhasmoreolderpeoplethananyotherstates.reasonsThereis，communitiesofolderpeopleandthewarmerclimateinFlorida，whichattractstheolderpeopleinthecountry.examplesEdna，a78­year­oldwomanlivesinFloridaforits.Onemansays“Thecommunityhereunderstandstheneedofolderpeople.”Davidsays：Heandhiswifecangetgoodmedicalcareandbyfriendstheirage.Brightlights，bigcitiesfactsRecently，moreyoungadultsaremovingtolargecities.Somearelookingforagoodjobwhilesomeothersandfunthings.examplesDaniel,27,saysthatcitiesaremoreexcitingandhavetheaters，museumsandbigsportingevents.Angela,21,addsshehastogothebigcompaniesare.【答案】themovesouthhealthcare6．warmerweathersurrounded9．seek完成下面课文缩写TherearetwomainpopulationtrendsintheUSA.OneisolderAmericansareonthe(age)60andoverareheadingsouthtostateslikeFloridathroughouttheMidwestandthe(attract)oldpeopleforishometo(large)populationofpeopleaged60andreasonsomanyolderpeoplecometoFloridaisthattheywant(good)healthcare,lookforcommunitiesoftheoldpeopleandenjoythepleasantclimate.Theothertrendisthatmoremobilepeoplearemovingtolargecities,mostofareyoungadults.Thatistheyoungadultsareflexibleandcanadapttonewplacesandsituationsmobileadultsgivemanydifferentreasonsfor(swap)theirhometownsforbigarelookingforagoodjob,someothersseekexcitingandfunthingstodo.【答案】beenattractinglargestSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints1．funn．娱乐；玩笑；嬉笑；有趣的人或事物(fun是不可数名词)(教材P17)Ijustgotanewjobinanotherthinkit'llbefuntoexperienceanewculture.我刚刚在另一个国家获得一份工作，我想体验一种新的文化肯定很有趣。Havefun(＝Enjoyyourself)！玩得快乐！WehadalotoffunatSarah'sparty.我们在萨拉的聚会上玩得很开心。①havefun玩得愉快forfun为了好玩infun闹着玩地；开玩笑地makefunof取笑；捉弄getfun得到乐趣funandgames吃喝玩乐②funnyadj.可笑的；有趣的Ithinkthemaintaskofchildrenistohavefun.我认为孩子最主要的任务就是玩。【提示】fun作名词时，在感叹句中使用what，可构成句型：Whatfunitistodosth.！做……是多么有趣的事啊！Whatfunitistojumpintoaswimmingpoolonahotsummerday!在炎热的夏日，跳进游泳池是多么有趣的事！完成句子①仅因为人老了就取笑他们是不对的。It'swrongto____________peoplejustbecausethey'reold.②我们要去参加篮球比寒，只是玩玩。Wearegoingtotakepartinthebasketballmatchjust____________.③你何不邀些朋友来同乐？Whydon'tyouasksomefriendsoverto____________？【答案】①makefunof②forfun③havefun2．lookat思考，考虑，研究(教材P18)InthiseditionofAmericanLiving，wearelookingatsomepopulationtrendsintheUSA.在这一版的《美国生活》中，我们讨论美国人口趋向。Wearegoingtoinvitesomeexpertstolookatthisnewproblem.我们会邀请一些专家来研究这个新问题。lookback(与on，to连用)回想，记起；停滞不前lookdownon轻视，看不起lookupto尊敬，敬仰lookforwardto盼望；期待lookout注意；找出，挑选出lookfor寻找lookoutforsb./sth.当心；提防，留心寻觅I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouthissummervacation.我盼望今年暑假见到你。Lookout！There'sacarcoming.小心！汽车过来了。完成句子①We're____________(考虑)alltheoptions.②Weshouldn't____________(轻视)thosewhoworkonthefarm.③Hehadworkedhardandwas____________(盼望)hisretirement.④Weweretoldto____________(留心)theblacktruck.⑤He'sarolemodelforotherplayersto____________(尊敬)．【答案】①lookingat②lookdownon③lookingforwardto④lookoutfor⑤lookupto3．(教材P18)ThroughouttheMidwestandtheNortheast，peopleaged60andoverarepackingtheirbagsandheadingsouthalongthefreewaytostateslikeFlorida.在整个中西部和东北部地区，60岁及60岁以上的人们正在收拾他们的行囊，沿着高速公路向南行进到，类似佛罗里达这样的州去。(1)agedadj.……岁；年老的；老的；陈年的Theyhavetwochildrenagedsixandnine.他们有两个小孩，一个六岁，一个九岁。Theyareagedmen.他们是老年人。Thisisabottleofagedwine.这是一瓶陈酒。①theaged(统称)老人。②agevt.&vi.变老；(使)成熟③agen.年龄；时代；时期；寿命attheageof在……岁的时候beofage成年forages好久，很长时间beoverage超龄IusedtowritepoetrymyselfwhenIwasyourage.我在你这个年纪时就自己写诗了。Afterhiswife'sdeath，heagedquickly.他妻子死后，他一下子衰老了。Hebegantohelpsupportthefamilybysellingnewspapersattheageof12.他12岁开始靠卖报纸来贴补家用。完成句子①Hewon'tbecalledupformilitaryservice—heis____________(超龄)．②It________________(很久)sincewemet.【答案】①overage②hasbeenages/anage(2)headv．朝……方向(或地方)前进；行使；前往(后常接介词for表方向。若后接副词时for可省略。headnorth/south/east/west表示往北/南/东/西前进)—Whereareyouheadingfor?——你到哪儿去？—Manchester.——曼彻斯特。Aftertheparty，weallheadedbackhome.晚会结束后，我们都回家了。Theyheadednorth，acrossthedesert.他们往北走，穿越沙漠。beheadingfor＝(beheadedfor)朝……方向行进；前往；会招致(不幸)headup领导；主管headoff阻挡；防止Theylookasthoughthey'reheadingfordivorce.他们看样子会离婚。完成句子③如果你开车的话，沿着三环往北开。Ifyouaredriving,goroundtheThirdRingRoadand____________.④他们这样做以防止发生危机。Theydidthisinorderto____________________thecrisis.⑤我们在黎明起程，直驶纽约。Wesetsailatdawnand__________________NewYork.【答案】③headnorth④headoff⑤headedfor4．makeup编选；编写；创作；给……化妆；准备，安排；组成(教材P18)Thisgroupmakesupover17percentofthestate'spopulation.这个人群大约占该州人口的17%。Womenmakeup40percentoftheworkforce.妇女占劳动力的40%。Theymadeupalittlepoemandwroteitinthecard.他们编了一首小诗写在卡片上。makeout看出，听出，理解makeupfor补偿；弥补o把……变成makeoff逃走，匆匆离开makefor走向makeof由……制成“(看得出原材料)”makefrom由……制成(看不出原材料)Heisworkinghardtomakeupforthemissingtimewhilehewasill.他正努力学习来弥补生病期间失去的时间。介、副词填空①Icouldjustmake________afigureinthedarkness.②Girlsmake________60%ofthestudentnumbers.③Hardworkcanmakeup________alackofintelligence.【答案】①out②up③for5．(教材P18)Thequestionis，though，whyaresomanypeopleretiringandspendingtheirpensionsinFlorida？但问题是，为什么这么多的人退休后要去佛罗里达州，并且把他们的养老金花在哪里呢？【要点提炼】thoughadv.可是；不过；然而，相当于however，不过however在表示这一词义时可以位于句首、句中、句尾，且和句子用逗号隔开，而though只能位于句中或句尾，并加以逗号隔开。Hewentthere，hedidn'tseeherhowever/though.他去了那里，可是他没有见到她。However，hedidn'tknowit.可是，他不知道这件事。－HaveyoueverbeentoAustralia?－'dliketo，though.——你去过澳大利亚吗？——没有，不过我很想去。①though也有连词词性，后接让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”，也可以用eventhough表示“即使；纵然”，还可以用asthough，表示“好像；仿佛”，后接表语从句或方式状语从句。②though也可以构成倒装句式，即：adj./adv./n.(无冠词)/v.＋though/as＋主语＋其他。③though可以作副词，用于句末，表示“可是，不过，然而”。Iwilltry，eventhoughImayfail.即使失败，我也要尝试一下。Thoughsheworkshard,(yet)shemakesveryslowprogress.尽管她学习很努力，但是进步不快。Youngthough/asheis，heknowsalot.尽管他年轻，但他知道甚多。句型转换①Thoughitwasverylate，hewentonworking.→____________________，hewentonworking.②Thoughheisachild，hecansolvethisbigproblem.→____________________，hecansolvethisbigproblem.【答案】①Lateas/thoughitwas②Childthough/asheis6．avarietyof种种；多种(教材P18)Peoplegiveavarietyofreasons，fromwantingbetterhealthcaretolookingforcommunitiesofolderpeople.人们给出许多不同理由，从希望更好的卫生保健到寻找老年人之间的社区。Peoplestudyyogaforavarietyofreasons.人们出于各种各样的原因而学习瑜伽。Studentsareofferedawidevarietyofcoursesinthisdepartment.这个系为学生开设各种各样的课程。①variousadj.不同的；各种各样的variousviews各种各样的观点forvariousreasons因种种理由②varietyn.种种；种类；多样化avarietyof/varietiesof多种多样的③varyv.不同；多变；使多样化varyin在……不同varywith随……而变化varyfrom...to...从……到……变化不等Forvariousreasons，ithasnotbeenpossibletocarryoutimprovements.出于各种各样的原因，进行改进已经不可能了。用vary的适当形式填空①Theywerelateforthemeetingfora____________ofreasons.②Thereare____________plantsandflowersinthepark.③Theweatherhere____________withseasons.【答案】①variety②various③varies7．designv．设计；计划；打算(教材P18)Forexample，ambulancesrespondfasternow，andmanyhouseshavebathroomsdesignedforolderowners，withthingslikeeasy­to­usebathtubsthatreducetheriskofslipsandfalls.例如，急救车的反应时间加快了，许多房子有专为老年业主设计的浴室，配有如易用型浴盆的设备以减少摔倒的风险。Thisroomwasdesignedaschildren'splayroom.这间房预定留做孩子们的游戏室。Hedesignedaplotforhisnewnovel.他为他的新小说拟定情节。①bedesignedfor/todosth.打算用来做……designdoing/todosth.筹划做某事designdosth.打算让某人做某事design(sb.)sth.(为某人)设计某物②designn.设计；花样；图案；意图；计划bydesign故意地；蓄意地Idon'tlikethewall­paperdesign.我不喜欢这壁纸的花样。用design的适当形式或搭配填空①Theresearchers____________aspecialcapfortheuser.②ProjectHope____________helpthosechildrenwhodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty.③Wedon'tknowifitwasdonebyaccidentor____________.【导学号：29560009】【答案】①designed②isdesignedto③bydesign8．surroundv．包围；围绕(教材P19)Also，Iknowthatwewillgetgoodmedicalcareandwillbesurroundedbyfriendsourage.还有，我知道我们将得到好的医疗，周围也将都是和我们年纪相仿的朋友。Greentreesandbeautifulflowerssurroundthelake.湖泊周围长满了绿树和美丽的花朵。Sheisalwayssurroundedwithhonestfriends.她的周围总有一些很诚实的朋友。①surround...with...使……包围……besurroundedby/with被……包围②现在分词surrounding可以作定语，表示“附近的；周围的”。③surroundingsn.环境Alltreessurroundthejail.＝Thejailissurroundedwith/byalltrees.那所监狱周围都是大树。Thecity'swatercomesfromthesurroundinghills.这个城市的水是从周围小山上流下来的。It'sgoodtochangeone'ssurroundingsoccasionally.人偶尔改变一下环境是有好处的。用surround的适当形式填空①Atfirstmynew________________weredifficulttotolerate.②The_______________villageshavebeenfloodedinthestorm.③Peopleare________________theirhomes________wirefences.【答案】①surroundings②surrounding③surrounding;with完成句子④她坐在地板上，周围都是玩具。Shewassittingonthefloor____________.⑤湖边树木环绕。Thelake【答案】④surroundedbytoys⑤issurroundedby/with9．marriedadj.已婚的；有配偶的(教材P19)MaybeI'llmovetoasmalltownwhenIgetmarried，butfornow，Iwanttohavefun.或许当我结婚的时候，我将搬到一个小城镇，但是现在，我想享受快乐。Wearegettingmarriednextmonth.我们下个月结婚。marrysb.嫁给某人；娶某人marrysb.把某人嫁给某人getmarried结婚be/getmarriedtosb.和某人结婚【提示】①marrysb.不能说成marrywithsb.。②marrysb.和getmarriedtosb.都是短暂性动词词组，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如与表示一段时间的状语连用时，要用bemarried。③询问婚姻状况时可用如下表达：Areyoumarried?＝Haveyougotmarried？你结了婚没有？Whendidhegetmarried？他何时结的婚？Tommarriedaforeigner.汤姆娶了一个外国人。Theyhavebeenmarriedforfiftyyears.他们已经结婚50年了。完成句子①他三年前跟他的秘书结了婚。He________________hissecretarythreeyearsago.②她说她是为了爱情，而不是为了钱才嫁给那个男的。Shesaidshe________________forlove,notformoney.③金先生把女儿嫁给了一个商人。【导学号：29560010】Mr.King________________abusinessman.【答案】①gotmarriedto②marriedhim③marriedhisdaughterto10．nonepron.没有一个，毫无(教材P19)Citieshavetheaters，museumsandbigsportingevents，butsmalltownshavenoneofthese.城市里有戏院，博物馆和大型的运动赛事，但小城镇却什么也没有。Iwantedsomemorecoldmeatbuttherewasnoneleft.我想再要些冷盘肉，可是一点也不剩了。Hehadnoneofhisbrother'sboldness.他一点都不像他哥哥那样有魄力。Noneofthetelephonesare/isworking.所有的电话都坏了。none/noone/nobody/nothingnonenone可指人也可指物，作主语时，如和of连用指不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；指可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。noone/nobody用来指人，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。nothing常用来指物，作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式。【提示】①none可与of连用表示范围，而noone/nobody及nothing不可。②none可用来回答Howmany/much...？的特殊疑问句，而noone/nobody及nothing则分别用来回答Who...？和What...？的特殊疑问句。③none可用来回答含“any＋名词”的一般疑问句。—Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?——树上有多少只鸟？—None.——一只也没有。—Whatisinthebox?——盒子里的是什么？—Nothing.——没什么。—Whoisintheclassroom?——谁在教室里？—Noone/Nobody.——没有人。—Isthereanybreadleft?——有剩余的面包吗？—No，noneatall.——不，一点也没有。选词填空(none/noone/nothing)①________________likesapersonwithbadmanners.②Thewarbrokethepeoplefeltfrightenedbut________________hadleftthere.【导学号：295600011】③Hefelthungry,buthecouldfind________________toeatinthekitchen.【答案】①Noone②none③nothing11．(教材P19)Angela,21，adds，“I'dlovetostayin_the_community_where_I_grew_up，buttherearenogoodjobs...”21岁的安杰拉补充道：“我挺乐意住在我长大的社区里，但是那里没有好的工作……”(1)addv．补充说；继续说；加，求和；增加，增添Ifyouaddthreeandfouryougetseven.三加四等于七。①addupsth./add把……加起来，up为副词，宾语若为代词应置于词组中间。addupto(＝cometo，total)加起来总和是，总共有，不用于被动语态，后常跟表示数字的词作宾语。addto(＝increase)增加；增add...to...把……加到(进)……里addthat补充说……②additionn.增加，添加物inaddition此外inadditionto除了……以外(还)Hercolleagues'laughteronlyaddedtoherembarrassment.她同事们的笑只会使她更尴尬。AddupallthemoneyIoweyou，please.请把我欠你的钱全部加起来。Thecostsaddedupto10milliondollars.费用总计达1000万美元。完成句子①片中的音乐使我们对这部电影更加喜爱。Themusic__________ourenjoymentofthefilm.②加了水果使谷类食品变得可口。____________fruitmakesthecerealtastegood.③除了暴风雨之外，还断电了。【导学号：29560012】Therewasastormand，____________，therewasapowerout.④她除了英语之外，还会讲德语。ShespeaksGermanin____________English.【答案】①addedto②Theadditionof③inaddition④additionto(2)inthecommunitywhereIgrewup，其中whereIgrewup(＝inwhichIgrewup)属于定语从句where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区别①where引导状语从句时，其前面无先行词，where不能换成“介词＋which”。IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftthem.我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书。(状语从句)②where引导定语从句时，其前面有名词作先行词，where可换成“介词＋which”。Hangzhouisacitywhere/inwhichthereisabeautifullake.杭州是座城市，在那儿有一个美丽的湖泊。(定语从句)③where是一个非常活跃的连词，请注意下面句子中where的用法。Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.(条件状语从句)有志者，事竟成。Staywhereyouarenow.(地点状语从句)待在原地。Heworkswherehewasborn.(地点状语从句)他在他出生的地方工作。Heworksinthecitywherethereisafamoustower.(定语从句)他在有一座名塔的城市工作。Hetoldmewherehefoundthebook.(宾语从句)他告诉我他是在哪儿找到这本书的。ThisiswherehemetJack.(表语从句)这是他遇到Jack的地方。IhavenoideawhereIcanhavemybikerepaired.(同位语从句)我不知道我能去哪儿修理我的自行车的。写出下列句中where分别引导从句的类型⑤I'mgoingtodowhatIlikeandgowhereI⑥Iwonderwhereshe⑦It'sreallynobusinessofyourswhereIspendmysummer.________________⑧Ireallyhavenoideawhereshehas⑨Theproblemiswhereweshouldputthe⑩Englandisoneofthefewcountrieswherepeopledriveontheleft.________________【答案】⑤状语从句⑥宾语从句⑦主语从句⑧同位语从句⑨表语从句⑩定语从句学业分层测评Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thereisalargepopulation________(移动)oftheoldtoFloridaintheUSA.2．Aftertheir________(退休)，theoldoftenchoosetomovetowarmerplacesintheUSA.3．Heusedtoworkasan________(会计)inthatfactory.4．Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhenan________(救护车)whistledpastme.5．Thedictionaryisnowinitssixth________(版本)．6．Pleasereturnyourkeystothe________(职员)atthefrontdesk.7．Thosenewspapers________(迎合)tothelowesttastes.8．Hewas________(选举)asvicePresidentthenextday.9．Doyouwantto________(交换)seatswithme?10．Howlonghaveyoubeen________(租用)thehouse?【答案】Ⅱ.单句填空1．Hepreferstogo________hecanservethepeople.2．Thelivingcostsandtuitionaddup________10,000yuanperyear.【导学号：29560030】3．Ithinkthat,asawriter,heissecondto________.4．Howdoyoulikebeing________(marry)toamedicalman?5．Hedidn'tpaymuchattentiontohis________(surround)．6．Thegloveswere________(design)forextremelycoldclimates.7．Ourliteratureandartoughttocater________populartaste.8．Thepoliceseized________(vary)booksandtapes.9．Hesaidhewouldcome,hedidn't,________.10．Shehelpedtakecareofher________(age)grandmother.【导学号：29560031】【答案】5．surroundings9．thoughⅢ.阅读理解AJustin，wholivesinMalawi，isonly14，butsincehelosthisparentstoAIDS，hehashadtolookafterhis10­year­oldbrotherand9­year­oldsister.“Themainproblemwehavewithoutourparentsisfindingfood，”heparentsorguardians，Justinhadtodropoutofschooltoearnaliving，carryingfoodformerchantssoheandhisbrotherandsistercouldhaveenoughtoeat.Youdonothavetobeanorphan(孤儿)toexperiencemanyoftheproblemsorphansorphanedchildrenmaybeparticularlyvulnerable(易受伤害的)becausetheyoftenhavenoonetolookafterthem.Forexample，childrenwhoseparentshavediedofAIDS，whetherornottheyarethemselvesinfectedwithHIV，maybeshunnedorbadlytreatedbecauseoffearofHIVandAIDSandignorance(无知)abouthowHIVisspread.Manyorphanshavetodropoutofschoolsothattheycanearnmoneytosurviveandlookafteryoungerbrothersandmanyorphansmayhavenowheretoliveandsomaybeforcedtoliveonthelivingonthestreetsarealsomoreatriskofbecominginvolvedwithdrugsandcrime.Orphanswhodohavesomeonetolookafterthemmaystillbemaybeexploited(剥削)ortreatedbadlybytheadultswhoaresupposedtobecaringforthemorbyotherswhotakeadvantageofthefactthattheydonothavetheirownparentstoprotectthem.AndorphansarenottheonlychildrenwhoaresufferingasaresultoftheHIVandAIDSthreemillionchildren，notallofwhomareorphans，arethemselveslivingwithmorehavetocareforsickparentsaswellastheiryoungerbrothersandsisters，orhavelostlovedonesandteachers.1．WhatdoweknowaboutJustin?A．Hemisseshisparentsverymuch.B．Heisunwillingtogotoschool.C．Hewantstomakemoneyasamerchant.D．It'sdifficultforhimtogetenoughfoodforhisbrotherandsister.【解析】从第一段的“Themainproblemwehavewithoutourparentsisfindingfood...”可知找到足够的食物对他来说是很困难的，因此选D项。【答案】D2．WhydopeopleavoidanorphanwhoseparentshavediedofAIDS?A．Becausepeopledon'tknowhowHIVisspread.B．Becausetheseorphansareoftenviolent.C.Becausetheseorphanscanturntotheirbrothersforhelp.D．Becausetheseorphansaretoovulnerable.【解析】根据第三段的“...ignoranceabouthowHIVisspread.”可知，人们躲避那些孩子们是因为他们不知道艾滋病的传播方式，所以选A项。【答案】A3．Fromthelastparagraph，wecaninferthat________.A．allchildrenbecomeorphansbecauseofAIDSB．manychildrenhavetolookaftertheirparentsinfectedwithHIVC．therearethreemillionorphanswholivewithHIVD．millionsofchildrenaretoopoortohaveteachers【解析】从最后一段的“Millionsmorehavetocareforsickparents...”推断出B项。【答案】B4．Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.A．childrenhavelittleknowledgeofAIDSB．childrenareeasilyinfectedwithHIVC．childrenwhoseparentsdiedofAIDSliveahardlifeD．childrenarebadlytreatedwheninfectedwithHIV【解析】本文主要介绍了那些艾滋病孤儿的不幸的生活，所以选C项。【答案】CBAsweenterintothisnewageofcitiesinwhichmorethanhalftheworld'spopulationwillliveinanurbanarea,wemustalsotakeahardlookathowwewillcareforthesignificantincreaseinourelderlypopulation.Whilemanywillbelivinglonger,theywillbedoingsowithage­relatedhealthissuesandspecialconcern,thenumberofpeoplelivingwithdementia(痴呆)worldwideissettotrebleby2050.Alzheimer'sDiseaseInternationalreportsthat44millionpeoplelivewiththediseasenowbutthatfigurewillincreaseto135millionby2050.Withthisaddedpressuretohealthsystems,technologyisthecriticalfactortosuccess.InOslo,Norway,aretiredengineer,Farsundcaresforhiswife,Kari.Kari,whohadbeenanintensive­carenursewhoservedwiththeRedCrossinThesystemiscreatedbyAbilia.AtthecenterofthesystemisaniPad­likedevice.ThescreenhasSkype,whichallowscarerstoregularlycheckinwithpatients.Some1,000peoplenowhavethesysteminstalledintheirhomes,and25ofthem,includingtheFarsunds,aretestingthelatestversion,whichcombinesthescreenwithwirelesslyconnectedsensorsaroundthehousetodetectmotion.Ifadoorisopenedorleftopen,orifthestoveislefton,thesystemalertspatientsandcaretakersofdanger.Theplanneralsoprovidesspokenremindersaboutdailytasks,suchaswhentheyneedtotakemedicineandeventslikebirthdaysaswellasenablingcaretakersandfamilymemberstocheckinremotelyviaSkype.“Withthiskindofsystem,itallowspeopletotakecareofthemselves,whichisthemostimportantthing，”saysvicepresidentOysteinJohnsen.Forhim,anymovetoimprovecitylifeneedstobeginwithpeople.“Smartcitiesarecomingandtheyneedtostartwithindividualsintheirownhome，”hesays.“Italsosavesthegovernmentmoney.InNorwayitcostonemillionNorwegianKrone(￡100,000)peryeartohavesomeoneinahome,whilethissystemcosts￡15,000.Thatisalotofmoneytosave.”【语篇解读】本文谈的是未来影响健康的关键因素。5．WhichsectionofBBCnewsismostlikelytoincludethispassage?A．Health. B．Entertainment.C．Technology. D．Business.【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句话表明写作目的：Withthisaddedpressuretohealthsystems,technologyisthecriticalfactortosuccess.据此判断文章主要谈的是科技对健康的影响。故选C。【答案】C6．ThecaseofHelgeandKariFarsundinthesecondparagraphservesto________.A．exposeasocialproblemB．introducethemaintopicC．showsympathytotheelderlyD．arousemedicalworkers'interest【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容，通过HelgeandKariFarsund的例子导入了文章的主题：一款新产品。选B。【答案】B7．Whichofthefollowingfunctionscanallbeperformedbythesystem?①Towarnpeopleofpossibledangers②Tohelpcheckinwithpatients③Toofferpeoplesomemedicine④TocurepeopleofAlzheimer's⑤Toremindpeopleofdailytasks⑥ToplaymovieslikeaniPadA．①②⑤ B．②③⑤C．①④⑥ D．③④⑤【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中句子Ifadoorisopenedorleftopen,orifthestoveislefton,thesystemalertspatientsandcaretakersofplanneralsoprovidesspokenremindersaboutdailytasks...enablingcaretakersandfamilymemberstocheckinremotelyviaSkype.可判断选A。【答案】A8．Accordingtothelastparagraph,OysteinJohnsenwillapprovethat________.A．smartcitiesshouldbehuman­basedB．thesystemshouldreduceitscostC．massproductionisstillimpossibleD．individualsareresponsibleforfuture【解析】细节理解题。根据段中句子Forhim,anymovetoimprovecitylifeneedstobeginwithpeople.可知答案。【答案】AⅣ.翻译句子1．他说他要参加这个晚会，可是并没有来。(though)________________________________________________________________2．我们参观了他十年前居住的房子。(where引导定语从句)________________________________________________________________3．从昨天晚上开始就一直在下雨。(现在完成进行时)【导学号：29560032】________________________________________________________________4．美国市场占该公司收入的35%。(makeup)________________________________________________________________5．这个村子被河流和树林包围着。(surround)________________________________________________________________【答案】saidhewouldtakepartintheparty；hedidn'tcomethough.2．Wevisitedthehousewhereheusedtolivetenyearsago.3．Ithasbeenrainingsincelastnight.4．TheAmericanmarketmakesup35%ofthecompany'sincome.5．Thevillageissurroundedbyariverandwoods.Ⅴ.语法填空(2023·黑龙江大庆铁人中学模拟改编)Iamajuniorinhighschool.Thereisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcallslips(借书单)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampuswithout(permit).BeforetodayIhadneverseenhersmile.TheotherdaymyfriendsandIwereeatinginthecafeteriaandIsawher(walk)around.WhenshecameclosertousIcouldseethatshewascrying:Shepulledoutatissueandquicklywipedhereyes.Ithoughttomyselfthatthisladywassounder­appreciated(未被常识的)andneededrecognizingforallherhardwork.SoIwroteanote(tell)herthatthestudentappreciatedeverythingshedidandthather(contribute)toourschoolmadeadifferenceinallofourlives.Isignedit“somethankfulstudents”andslippeditintoenvelope.ThenIrealizedIdidn'tevenknowhername,Iaskedallofmyprofessorsbutknewherfinallywenttoasktheladyatstudentservicesand(tell)thathernamewasKathy.Ibroughtherabunchof(color)sunflowersandtapedtheenvelope