历年全国3卷英语高考真题语法填空规律总结与20年考点预测

全国3卷一一单词填空规律发现&总结10个空中有三个没给提示词，有七个给出提示词。没给提示词的三个空需要填介词、连词(简单句连词和从句引导词)、冠词(a/an/the)(1)连词一一必考19年Itwasraininghardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlong (so)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperience (who)18年I,mnotsureismorefrightened.(who)17年ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels.(who)16年Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfood (when)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughly551to479B.C.(who)【除2016年高考英语第一次改革后，单词填空有四个没有提示词，六个有提示词之外，17~19年均为3:7的比例。19/1716三年考察了定语从句的引导词，其中19年为限制性定从，1〃16年为非限制性定从。18年考察了宾语从句。这4年均考了引导词who。］(2)介词一一必考19年1个apackofdogs；18年1个besearchingforthese...；17年1个adegreeinengineering；16年1个mostpeopletraditionallyeatwiththeirhands。【可以看出，19/18年介词均为固定搭配，1〃16年则根据句子逻辑推测使用哪个介词。］(3)非谓语动词一一必考1)不定式todo：19年1个itwouldtaketoget(get)there；18年1个heallowedmetostay(stay)andwatch；17年1个Sarahwantstoprove(prove)thatshe ；16年1个Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmentaltocreate(create)specialdesigns.【均可以用'语法七要素'解析：因为前面已经有一个谓语动词，所以其他的动词只能是非谓语，又因为todo表示将来含义，具有一定指向性。所以将所给动词改成todo形式符合语境。］2)现在分词/动名词doing：19年1个wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listening(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals；18年1个Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyes ；17年1个Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-termresting(rest).；16年1个Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,using(use)twigstoremoveit.【19/16年均为逗号之后的动词用-ing形式，18/17年均为固定搭配avoiddoingsth.(避免做某事)和spendtime(in)doingsth.(在做某事方面花了时间)。其实也可以用'语法七要素'来解析：由于前面已经有一个谓语动词了，根据英语的绝对铁律，后面的动词只能用非谓语动词形式，而-ing形式的非谓语表示进行或伴随，符合语境。所以将所给动词改成-ing形式。］3)过去分词done：(连续4年没有考察)19年没有直接考察过去分词，而是考察了被动语态bedone的形式，以及谓语动词的过去式didwewereinvited(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestarsOurhostssharedmanyoftheirexperienceandrecommended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.18年没有直接考察过去分词，而是考察了动词+-ed变形容词的形式，以及谓语动词的时态didHedoesn,tfeelchallenged(challenge).Thehugeanimalmeant(mean)menorealharm.17年没有直接考察过去分词，而是考察了被动语态bedone的形式。Sarahwastold(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainfsnewsupermodel 16年没有直接考察过去分词，而是考察了被动语态bedone的形式。Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.【高考英语题型改革以来，连续四年都没有直接考察动词的过去分词形式，但是却从侧面出现了动词的过去分词。在动词的变形中，有几种虽然不是直接的过去分词形式，却也都与其相关联。比如动词+ed不一定表示过去式或过去分词，也可以表示形容词；be+done表示动词的被动语态；部分动词的不规则变化中过去分词和过去式长相相同。这三种也是常考形式。】(4)词性转换一一必考1)动词变名词：19年letusknowofaninterestingcompetition(compete)towatch.年sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithhereducation(educate).年includedthedevelopment(develop)ofchopsticks.2)动词变形容词：18年sohedoesn,tfeelchallenged(challenge).3)名词变形容词：19年Theyalsosharedwithusmanytraditional(tradition)storiesaboutHawaii 4)名词变名词(复数)：18年I,mascientist(science)whostudiesanimals 年shehasturneddownseveralinvitations(invitation)tostart 5)形容词变副词：19年 aboutHawaiithatwerehugely(huge)popularwithtourist.年Itiscertainly(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.年 withtwigswhichgradually(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.6)形容词变最高级:18年Hescreamstheloudest(loud)ofall.【要注意单词的后缀，后缀可以表示词性。有时可用根据后缀来推测单词词性的方法来做题。以下总结几组常考后缀：-ion./-ist./-er./-or./-ment名词后缀；-al./-ul./-ful.形容词后缀；-ly副词后缀。】(5)时态——必考1)一般现在时：年MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,schoolcomes(come)first.2)一般过去时：19年Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperienceandrecommended(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.18年Thehugeanimalmeant(mean)menorealharm.16年Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsandwere(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.【时态知识点每年都会考察一道，大多数时候考察一般过去时，且多为动词的不规则变化。除了一般现在时和一般过去时之外，目前还没有考察过其他时态。不排除考察其他时态的可能，请考生重视。】(6)冠词19年没有考察，而是考察了连接词里…that；18年atthetopofherlungs；17年asamodelinNewYork；16年没有考察冠词，而是考察了3个连词(其中一个简单句的，两个从句的)和1个介词。【冠词的知识点，除16年外连续三年都有考察。冠词的使用，首先要根据整个句子来大概推测出应该使用定冠词还是不定冠词，如果是不定冠词，要仔细区分是用a还是an。］(7)被动语态(一般过去时的被动语态为难点)19年wewereinvited(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.17年Sarahwastold(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel 16年Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.【除18年外，其他三年都有考察。被动语态的重点在于要弄清楚主语在句子中的地位，主语是动作的承受者的话，那就要使用被动语态。这需要考生具备一定的单词量和对句子的分析理解能力。］(8)人称代词：18年Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.【代词的知识点在四年中只出现过一次，因为相对简单，所以考察概率很低。但也请考生不要忽略。］专题训练一、连词专题二、介词(短语)专题WhynotlookitupontheInternetifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation?Hefinishedhisworkwithinthreedayswiththeassistanceofhiscolleagues.Whoisinchargeofthecompany?Thesestudentswentoutoftheclassroomoneafteranother.Dinosaursfinallydiedoutafterapainfulstruggle.Thisbookisquitedifferentfromtheonethat’veeverreadbefore.Thescientist’sspeechopened_up_anewfiledofresearchforus.Tomwastrappedinthetrafficjamsothathewaslateforworkyesterday.IaccomplishedsomethingI’dneverdreamedof 1spokeinfrontofhundredsofpeople.Haveagoodrest,youneedtosaveyourenergyfor_thefootballmatchthisafternoon.Lifeinthecitywashardandmanypeoplewerereducedtobeggingonthestreets.*Thereisnothingcanexistapartfromitself.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthetrafficaccident.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneywithme.Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.Themid-termexamisaroundthecorner.Weshouldgetpreparedforit.Theirroleistoexposestudents_to_learningaboutdifferentreligionsinanobjectiveway.Mystudyofbiologyhastakenupmuchofmysparetime.三、冠词专题 一一Theneighborsinourvillagearealwaysfriendlyandwillingtolendahand.HowdoyouturnthebigWhiteHouseintoahome,asweethome?Iwillturnthedarknessintolightbeforetheblindandmaketheroughplacessmooth.*Youmightaswellrelaxwhereveryouare,andhaveagoodtime,especiallywhenthingsdonotgoasplanned.It'sainfrastructureproblem you'vegottochargeyourcar,soyouneed=a=placetochargeit.Weallhold_the_beliefthatthosewhohave_a_wonderfulsenseofhumouraremorepopular.四、非谓语动词专题五、词性转化专题Mydaughterlikesbuyingjewelryandclothesforherselfwithimagesofcats(cat)onthem.Everydesignisanew_challenge_(challenging)forme.I’vebeenlearningthetablemanners(manner)forhoursbutstillcaritreallygetit.Ifwemakeourefforts,ourdreamwillturnintoreality(real).一Failure一(fail)doesn'tmeanyoushouldgiveup;itdoesmeanitwilltakealittlelonger.Theyhavemanypets,including(include)twolittlepigsandalovelyparrot.Anddayafterday,theoncebeautifulriverhasturnedintoa_smelly__(smell)dustbin.*Whentheydowhatyouwantthemtodo,praisethemgenerously(generous).Itwasmuchmoreenjoyable(enjoy)thanIhadexpected.Ihadagoodtime.*Ithinkhe,sthemostconsiderate(consider)manrveeverknown.*Historyisthebestteacher.Itfaithfully(faith)recordsthedevelopmentpathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.*Istillfinditterrifying(terrify)tofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses.*Brazilhasabundant(abundance)landandwaterresources,andisalsoanagriculturalexportingsuperpower.Morelocalemploymentwillbecreated,particularly(particular)inserviceindustries.Itwasimpressive(impress)howsheknewhowtomanagepeopleandtoputthemintheirplace.Thefriendshipissodeepthatmostofthethingsareautomatically(automatic)understoodbyourfriends.*I’mnotexactlysurewhatshedoesthere,butitseemstoberelatedto_humorous_(humour)poems.Alargenumberofindependent(dependent)Africancountriesemergeatahistoricmoment.Itisobvious(obvious)thatChinacanmakeadifferenceintheworldtodayandtomorrow.Thetitlewillbeofficially(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.六、时态专题Asapopularteacher,heusually_encourages_(encourage)ustochallengeeverything.NeitheryounorIam(be)goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.*Everyfewyears,thecoalworkershave(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.John,ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkthat_hasmadehimwhatheistoday.Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,keepssomeofitsstoresopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichuses(use)itdifferently.Daniel,sfamilywillbeenjoying(enjoy)theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.**(#来进行时)Hisbrotherintroduced(introduce)usarightplacewherethefoodisniceenough.ThePrincessandtheFrogisafairymusicalthatdates(date)backtothedayswhenWaltDisneywasaperson,notabrand.Iasked(ask)younottotouchmynotebook—nowIcan,tfindit.Hersixbrotheraswellasherfather,aretrying(try)tocontrolheralwaysasifshehad“sevenfathers”.Parentswillneedtofullydevotethemselvestotheprocessiftheyget(get)involvedinhelpingtheirchildrenchooseauniversity.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuildingremains(remain)now.*【little表示‘没有’；陈述事实用‘一般现在时’；remain是不及物动词没有被动。】ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrising(rise)steadilysince1990.*(现在完成进行时)HongKongOceanParkhasbecame(become)oneofthelargestmarineparksintheworldbynow.Kevinwasworking(work)threejobsduringthattime-hewasalawyeraswellaslecturingpart-timeandwritinghisbook.“John,afteraholidayparty,write(write)downthegoodthingsyoudidatthepartyinajournal.”*(祈使句)Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeoplewereselling(sell)allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_is_(be)allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.*Itisimportanttostaycalmwhenanearthquakehappens(happen)allofasudden.NotonlyTombutalsoIhaveagoodcommandofpainting.Bothofusaregoodpainters.*ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongs(belong)tothewell-educated.Uptonow,theprogramhassaved(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.Thechurchtowerwhichisbeingrestored,(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.Manyastudentis(be)busywiththeirlessonswhenthefinalexamisdrawing.*【many+a+可数名词单数(许多.•.)，后面的谓语用三单形式。】I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyouadvertised(advertise)theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?Allthescientificevidenceshows(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingisdamagingourhealth.Iwascoming(come)tovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel.**(过去将来时)【根据句意可知，come这个动作在过去是本来将要发生的但是没有发生，所以用过去将来时。又因为come/go/arrive等表示位置移动的动词可以用进行时表示将来，所以该题中用过去进行时表示过去将来(类似于‘现在进行时表将来’)】OnMondaymorningitusuallytakes(take)meanhourstodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.MyfriendhasreturnedfromtheUK.She_studied_(study)atOxfordforfouryears,duringwhichwecommunicatedwitheachotherontheInternet.Unfortunately,whenIgottoherflat,shewasleaving(leave),sowehadonlyamomentforafewwords.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscauseshearinglossinsometeenagers.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthework,therestofwhich_is_(be)verydifficult.七、被动语态专题 一一Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplearepersuaded_(persuade)toeatmorefruitsandvegetables.InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofthewords_aredropped_(drop).Ihavejustreceivedanthermessage,tellingmeIhavewonabigprizes.IthinkIambeingcheat(cheat).*Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager_areencouraged_(encourage)toworkonlineathometoday.Allthepreparationsforthetravelhavebeencompleted(complete),andwe,rereadytostart.*WewillholdanEnglishSpeechContest,butwhenandwhere_hasn’tbeendecided(decide)yet.*Experimentsofthiskindhadbeenconducted,(conduct)inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.This