高中英语北师大版Uint4Cyberspace unit4单元尾核心要点回扣

eq\a\vs4\al(单元尾)核心要点回扣Ⅰ.重点单词1．adj.真的，真实的→vt.实现，认识到→n．真实，现实2．vt.&n．伤害，损害→adj.无害的→adj.有害的3．adj.明显的，显而易见的→adv.显然地，明显地4．n．时髦，时尚→adj.时兴的；流行的→adv.时髦地；流行地5．vt.拒绝，不接受→n．被拒绝/抛弃的东西；次品；废品6．v．安排→n．安排7．vt.提议，建议；暗示，表明→n．建议，提议8．n．历史→adj.历史意义的→adj.历史的，有关历史的9．vt.使……坐落于；位于→n．位置；场所10．vi.定居→n．定居者→n．(新)定居地11．adj.定期的；规则的→adv.有规律地；正常地→adj.(反)无规律的12．vt.吸引→adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→n．吸引，吸引力【答案】；realize；reality；harmless；harmful；obviously；fashionable；fashionably；rejection；arrangement；suggestion；historic；historical；location；settler；settlement；regularly；irregular；attractive；attractionⅡ.重点短语1．beknowneq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(因……而闻名,被认为是……,为……所熟悉))\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(if好像,if即使))\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(touchwith与……取得联系,touchwith与……失去联系,touchwith与……保持联系))4．comeeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(实现,产生，发生,偶然遇见,走近；被提出,出版；发芽))5．hangeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(（电话）别挂断,挂断电话,逗留，闲荡))【答案】；as；to；evenin；lose；keepin；about；across；up；out；up；about/aroundⅢ.重点句式1．(很显然)wearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.2．Theuseofcomputerswithsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyoufeel(仿佛置身于一个真实的空间)。3．ButIstillfind(难以想象)．4．ItisalsothemostexcitingcityinNewZealand(具有多元文化的人们生活在那儿)．5．NewZealandwasthefirstcountryintheworld(给予)thevotetowomenin1893，(有)oldagepensionsandtheeight­hourworkingday.【答案】isclearthatifyouareinarealsituationhardtoimaginepeopleofmanydifferentcultureslivingtheregive；tohaveⅣ.回顾话题用本单元词汇或句式完成下列写作任务我父亲喜欢抽烟，抽烟给他造成了很大的伤害。我们全家人及朋友都劝他放弃，但是他不听。很明显，几年后他身体变的虚弱。他终于接受了我的建议。我们的愿望终于实现了。【参考范文】Myfatherlikedaresult，smokingharmedhimfriendsaswellasmyfamilytriedtopersuadehimtoquitit，buthewouldn'tyearslateritwasclearthathebecametoohehadtofollowmysuggestionandintheendourdreamcametrue.单元综合测评(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2023·江西鹰潭第一中学高一月考)LearningEnglishwellisagreatchallenge，butwiththehelpfromtechnology(技术)itcanbeaseasyasapieceofcake.Aswellastheclassroom，teachersandtextbooks，theInternet，TVandradioprogramscanplayanactiveroleinhelpinglearnInternetisfullofrichandup­to­datelearnersmightwishtotryhttp：Anotherusefulwebsiteformiddleschoolstudentsandteachersis:Besidesreading21stCenturySchoolEditiononline，studentsarealsoinvitedtoputtheirviewsondifferenttopicsuponthewebsite.ComparedwiththeInternet，TVprogramshavetheirownadvantages(优点):onedoesnothavetositatacomputerandonecanhearandwatchtheprogramsmuchbetter.OnepopularEnglish­learningprogramiscalled“ModernEnglish”．ThisfocusesonspokenEnglishinpracticalsituationssuchastakingphotosandshopping.IfyouwatchBeijingTelevisionChannel8，youmightseeaprogramtitled“StudyAbroad”．CartoonsareusedtoexplainhowtousethewordindailytotheradiomaynotbeanewwaytolearnEnglishbutitiseasy.ChinaRadioInternationalairsaprogramcalled“StudioClassroom”at6：30a．25­minuteprogramisaimedatmiddleschoolstudentsandcoverssubjectsfromcurrentnewstotravelandhistory，allinsimplelanguage.【语篇解读】文章通过介绍网站、电台、电视频道等方式来学习英语，以表明学习英语在科学技术的帮助下可以是小菜一碟。1．TheauthorwantsthereaderstoknowthatlearningEnglish．A．isverydifficultforusB．isveryeasyforusC．isneithereasynordifficultD．canbemucheasierwiththehelpoftechnology【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“LearningEnglishwellisagreatchallenge，butwiththehelpfromtechnology(技术)itcanbeaseasyasapieceofcake.”学好英语是一个巨大的挑战，但是在科学技术的帮助下，也可以是小菜一碟。故选D。【答案】D2．OnecanpractisespokenEnglishineverydaysituationsin．A．StudioClassroomB．21stCenturySchoolEditionC．StudyAbroadD．ModernEnglish【解析】细节理解题。根据题目中的“practisespokenEnglishineverydaysituations”每天都有练习口语的情况，可在文中倒数第三段找到相应的语段“ThisfocusesonspokenEnglishinpracticalsituationssuchastakingphotosandshopping.”这是个专注于在实际情况中练习口语的节目比如拍照逛街等。故选D。【答案】D3．Accordingtotheauthor，TVprogramsarebetterthanprogramsontheInternetbecausethey．A．canletyouhearandwatchtheprogramsmuchbetterB．costyounothingC．havemoreEnglishpassagesD．haveEnglishcourseswheneveryouneedthem【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“onedoesnothavetositatacomputerandonecanhearandwatchtheprogramsmuchbetter.”电视节目的好处，一是不用坐在一台电脑面前，二是能够更好的听和看节目。故选A。【答案】A4．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．ItintroducessomewebsitesoflearningEnglish.B．ItintroducessomeTVandradioprogramsoflearningEnglish.C．ItgivessuggestionsonlearningEnglishinmodernways.D．ItexplainsdifferentEnglishcourses.【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段即可知，作者想通过介绍网站、电台、电视频道等方式来学习英语，以表明学习英语在科学技术的帮助下可以是小菜一碟。故选C。【答案】CBTheInternetdoesn'tonlyhelpstudentswiththeireverydayschoolwork，butcanalsohelpthemfindusefulmaterialtoprepareforcollege.Oneofthelargestandbestsearchenginesonlinecanbefoundatyougettothehomepage，typeakeywordorphraseintothesearchbox，youwillreceivealistofwebsitesthatareconnectedwithyoursearch.Agreatsitetostartwithisofferslinkstowebsitesaboutscience，history，math，andotherordertointeractwithsomesites，youwillneedtodownloadisaplug­inthatyoucandownloadfromawillbealinktodownloaditfrom，ifthesiterequiresit.Youwillfindthatsomeofthesiteschargeuserssomemoneytogettheirservicesandsuchsiteisoffersomefreestudyaids，butchargeafeeforusingtheirlessonsandquizzesinmiddleschoolandhighschool，youcanlearnhowthingswork，Itcoverscarenginestotornadoes，Childrenmaybeunabletocontrolthemselveswhentheyarechattingparentswillneedtosetatimelimitforchildren'svisitstochat，theyhavesoftwarethatoffersparentalcontrol(whatsitesyourchildrenview)andanInternetInternettimerisagreattheusers'timeisup，theywillbeloggedsitecangiveparentsa30­day­freetrial(试用)toseeifit'srightfortheirchildrenandfamily.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个可以帮助学生搜索资料的网站。5．Thispassagemainly．A．informsusthattheInternetsometimescanbeveryusefulB．teachesparentshowtohelptheirchildrenusetheInternetproperlyC．explainswhystudentsneedtosearchinformationontheInternetD．introducessomeusefulwebsitestomiddleschoolstudents【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了几个可以帮助中学生搜索资料的网站。故选D项。【答案】D6．AccordingtoParagraph2，ifyouwanttofindawebsiteabouthealth，whatprocedureshouldyoufollow?①Clickthewebsitelinkthatyouthinkisrightforyou.②Gettothehomepageoflistofwebsitesconnectedwithhealthwillshowup.④Typethekeyword“health”intothesearchbox.A．④－②－③－① B．④－②－①－③C．②－④－③－① D．②－④－①－③【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的描述，可知应先打开google的主页，然后在搜索框里输入关键字，接着会有很多网站的链接跳出来，最后点击相关链接进入页面，故选C项。【答案】C7．Bysayingthatchildrenmaybeunabletocontrolthemselveswhentheyarechattingonline，thewritermeansthat．A．childrenmaytalkaboutsomethingimproperonlineB．childrenmaytalkaboutsomethingthathasnothingtodowiththeirstudiesC．childrenmayspendtoomuchtimechattingonlinewithothersD．childrenmaygooutandmeetpeoplewithwhomtheyhavechattedontheInternet【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Soparentswillneedtosetatimelimitforchildren'svisitstochatrooms.”可知是说孩子们在聊天室聊天的时候可能会忘了时间。【答案】C8．WecaninferthattheInternettimerismostpopularwith．A．doctors B．parentsC．students D．businessmen【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“TheInternettimerisagreattheusers'timeisup，theywillbeloggedout.”可知因特网定时器可以很好地控制小孩上网的时间，从而可以防止小孩长时间地上网聊天而影响学习，故可推断父母们应当最喜欢因特网定时器。【答案】BCTheInternetwillopenupnewvistas(前景)，createtheglobalvillage—youcanmakenewfriendsallaroundthe，atleast，iswhatitpromiseddifficultyisthatitdidnottakethehumanmindintorealityisthatwecannotkeeprelationshipswithmorethanalimitednumberofmatterhowhardtheInternettriestoputyouincommunication，itsbesteffortswillbedefeatedhumanmind.Theproblemistwofold(双重的)．First，thereisalimitonthenumberofpeoplewecanholdinmindandhaveameaningfulrelationshipnumberisabout150andissetbythesizeofour，thequalityofyourrelationshipsdependsontheamountoftimeyouinvest(投入)ininvestalotinasmallnumberofpeopleandthendistributewhat'sleftamongasmanyothersasweproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinaperson，ourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline(减弱)untileventuallyitdiesinto“someoneIonceknew”．Thisisnot，ofcourse，tosaythattheInternetdoesn'tserveasociallyvaluablecourseitthequestionisnotthatitallowsyoutoincreasethesizeofyoursocialcircletoincludetherestoftheworld，butthatyoucankeepyourrelationshipswithyourexistingfriendsgoingeventhoughyouhavetomovetotheothersideoftheworld.Inonesense，that'sagooditalsohasayoucontinuetoinvestinyouroldfriendseventhoughyoucannolongerseethem，thencertainlyyouaren'tusingyourtimetomakenewfriendswhereyounowIsuspectthatprobablyisn'tthebestuseofyourrelationshipsareaboutbeingabletocommunicatewitheachother，facetoInternetwillslowdowntheratewithwhichrelationshipsend，butitwon'tstopthathappeningeventually.【语篇解读】因特网让我们的距离拉近了，不用面对面就可以随时交流，真可谓是“地球村”。作者赞同吗？其依据又在哪里？9．Whatisstressedinthefirstparagraph?A．ThepresentsituationoftheInternet.B．ThedifficultyincommunicationontheInternet.C．ThesociallyvaluablefunctionoftheInternet.D.TheroleofthehumanmindintheInternetcommunication.【解析】从第一段的“humanmind”不难得出答案为D。【答案】D10.Theunderlinedword“engagement”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans“”．A．appointment B．connectionC．interview D．agreement【解析】根据第二段中的“relationships”可以推知答案为B。【答案】B11．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheuseoftheInternettostrengthenrelationship?A．He'suncertainaboutit.B．He'shopefulofit.C．Heapprovesofit.D．Hedoubtsit.【解析】由第一段综合考虑可以推知作者对此持怀疑态度，故选D。【答案】DDFormanyadolescents(青少年)，“screentime”isalmostafulltimejobthatcouldleadtoobesity(肥胖)，diabetesandotherhealthissues，aCanadianresearchersays.Adolescentsnowspendanaverageofsixhoursadayinfrontofsometypeofscreen，whetherit'satelevisionorcomputerscreenoroneofthemanyportabledevicesnowpopularwithyoungpeople，studiesdonebyMichaelJanssenshow.“Theyspendmorehoursdailyinfrontofascreenthantheydoinaclassroominagivenyear，”saysJanssen,aresearcheratQueen'sUniversityinKingston，resultisariseinobesityratesamongadolescents.Unfortunately，fixingtheproblemisn'taseasyassimplycuttingdownscreentime，Janssencautions.“Decreasingscreentimewillnotautomatically(自动地)increasephysicalactivitylevels，”saysJanssen.“Someactivekidsalsospendalotoftimeinfrontoftelevisionandcomputerscreens,andsomekidswhohavelowscreentimesalsohavelowlevelsofphysicalactivity，”hepointsout.“Aswell，screentimeisnotnecessarilybad，”Janssensays.“Thetrickypartisthatchildrentodayneedtobeusingcomputers，”hearerequiredforschoolwork,andtechnologicalskillsareimportantforfuturejobprospects.Thequalityofscreentimematterstoo，alongwiththequantity­considerthenegativehealthmessagesfoundinfoodadvertisingduringchildren'sshows，he，childrenshouldaimfornomorethantwohoursofrecreationalscreentimeaday.Janssen'srealworryabouttheriseinchildhoodobesityratesisnotthattherearenowrarecasesoftype2diabetesinkids，whereoncetherewerenone，butthehealthproblemsthesechildrenarelikelytofaceinthefutureasadults，includinghighbloodpressure，highcholesterolandcardiovasculardisease.【语篇解读】本文叙述了青少年过多的接触屏幕，如看电视，上网等可能导致肥胖，糖尿病和其他健康问题。12．Whichonedoesn'tbelongto“screentime”accordingtothepassage?A．WatchingTV.B．SurfingtheInternet.C．SeeingafilmonanMP4.D．ListeningtomusiconanMP3.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句的“whetherit'satelevisionorcomputerscreenoroneofthemanyportabledevices”可知答案为D项。【答案】D13．InJanssen'sopinion,kidshadbettertokeephealthy.A．loseweightB．decreasescreentimeC．takephysicalactivitiesD．goonadiet【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句的意思：减少看电视或上网时间不一定就会增加体育锻炼的时间……很少看电视或上网的孩子也很少锻炼……可知Janssen希望孩子们多参加体育锻炼。【答案】C14．What'stheresearcher'sattitudetowards“screentimeofadolescents”？A．Worried. B．Passive.C．Positive. D．Frightened.【解析】推理判断题。根据全文内容及最后一段首句可推断出答案。【答案】A15．Wecanmostprobablyreadthepassagein.A．achildren'sstoryB．ahealthreportC．asciencereportD．entertainmentnews【解析】推理判断题。根据文章大意“青少年过多的接触屏幕，如看电视、上网等可能导致肥胖，糖尿病和其他健康问题”可知B项“健康报道”符合。【答案】BⅡ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2023·辽宁师大附中高一上学期月考)Takinggoodnotesisatime­savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.16Second，yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingfora，note­takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.17Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes，keepinmindthatnote­takingisaselectiveprocess.18Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●19●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes，youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记)．Whenyoudo，besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.20A．Usewords，notcompletesentences.B．Therearethreepracticalnote­takingmethods.C．Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D．Otherwise，youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E．Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F．Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G．First，thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.【答案】16－20GEFADⅢ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)HaveyoueverhadtodecidewhethertogoshoppingorstayhomeandwatchTVonaweekend？Nowyou21dobothatthesameshoppingtelevisionnetworks(网络)havebecomea22formanypeopletoshopwithout23havingtoleavetheirhomes.Someshoppersare24ofdepartmentstoresandsupermarkets—25thecrowds，waitinginlonglines，andsometimes26offindinganythingtheywantto'drathersitquietlyathomeinfrontoftheTVsetand27afriendlyannouncerdescribeaproduct28amodelshowstheycan29aroundtheclock，buyingsomething30bymakingaphonecall.Departmentstoresandevenmail­undercompaniesare31tojoininthesuccessofhomedepartmentstoresarebusy32theirownTVchannels(频道)toencourageTVshoppinginthefuture.33canaskquestionsaboutproductsandplace34，allthroughtheirTVsets.Willshoppingbytelevision35taketheplaceofshoppinginstores？Someindustrymanagersthinkso.36manypeoplefindshoppingata37storeagreatformanyshoppers，itisstillimportantto38ortryondressestheywantto's39specialistssaythatinthefuture，homeshoppingwill40togetherwithstoreshoppingbutwillneverentirelyreplace(取代)it.【语篇解读】现在，你可以在家里看着电视就能购物。电视购物已成为很多人购物的一种方式。将来，在家中购物与在商店购物同时并存。21． B．shouldC．shall D．can【解析】can表示能力，此处指可以边在家看电视边购物。【答案】D22． B．wayC．reason D．purpose【解析】电视购物是购物的一种“方式”，用way符合题意。【答案】B23． B．neverC．still D．once【解析】ever用于表示强调。【答案】A24． B．fondC．tired D．careful【解析】根据下文提供的情景“thecrowds，waitinginlonglines”可判断出有些购物者对百货公司和超市感到厌倦。【答案】C25． B．strikingC．treating D．stopping【解析】顾客需要排长队等候，和拥挤的人群奋战。【答案】A26． B．doubtC．hope D．feeling【解析】购物者有时抱着找到他们想要的东西的“希望”。【答案】C27． B．watchC．let D．notice【解析】在电视里“观看”播音员对产品的描述。【答案】B28． B．sinceC．if D．while【解析】购物者一边看模特表演，一边听播音员对产品的介绍。【答案】D29． B．waitC．turn D．deliver【解析】根据上下文可知，人们一边看电视，一边购物。【答案】A30． B．cheaplyC．simply D．hardly【解析】通过打电话就可以购买到东西。【答案】C31． B．luckyC．equal D．eager【解析】eagertodosth.表示“渴望做某事”，电视购物拥有极大的市场，因此百货商场和邮政公司都想介入其中。【答案】D32．up B．makingupC．settingup D．lookingup【解析】大的百货公司“开设”自己的电视频道来鼓励电视购物。【答案】C33． B．AssistantsC．Managers D．Customers【解析】本文讲的是电视购物，因此是顾客可以询问有关产品的问题。【答案】D34． B．goodsC．books D．answers【解析】placeorders意为“订货”，此处表示通过电视订购货物。【答案】A35． B．finallyC．especially D．fortunately【解析】finally意为“最终”，表示按一系列事物或论点的顺序居最后。此处表示电视购物是否最终将会代替在商店购物。【答案】B36． B．YetC．However D．Therefore【解析】yet是连接副词，表示两个分句之间是转折关系；however也表示“然而”，但其后需要加“，”。此处表示一些工业经理认为电视购物最终会代替商店购物，而许多人不那么认为。【答案】B37． B．popularC．real D．true【解析】real意为“真实的，真正的”，此处与shoppingbytelevision进行对比。【答案】C38． B．makeC．wear D．touch【解析】人们在购买衣服时，往往会用手触摸衣服的面料或者试穿。【答案】D39． B．whyC．what D．when【解析】有些人从商店购物中能体验到极大的快乐，这可以用于解释为什么将来人们在家中购物与在商店购物同时并存。【答案】B40． B．practiseC．follow D．appear【解析】参见上题解析。【答案】AⅣ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2023·湖北襄阳市四校高一上学期期中考试)wasapennameused41.anAmericanwriterofshortrealnamewasWilliamSydneywasborninNorthCarolinainayoungboyhelived42.excitingdidnotgotoschoolforverylong，buthemanaged43.(teach)himselfeverythingthatheneededtohewasabout20yearsold，HenrywenttoTexas，44.hetrieddifferentfirstworkedonanewspaper，andthenhadajobinasomemoneywas45.(miss)fromthebank，wasbelievedtohavestolenofthat，hewas46.(sentence)tothethreeyearsinprison，helearnedtowriteshort47.(go)outofprison，hewenttoNewYork48.continued49.(write)mostlyaboutNewYorkandthelifeofthepoorlikedhisstories，becausesimpleasthetaleswere，theywouldfinishwitha50.(suddenly)changeattheendtothereader'ssurprise.【答案】teach【导学号：08220232】Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2023·辽宁师大附中高一上学期12月月考)DearSally，NowI'dliketotellyousomethingaboutmypart­timejobthissummervacation，ofwhichIworkedlikeaguideinatravelworkwasinterestingbutthinkitwashelpfultoworkthiswasthefirsttimethatIhaveearnedmoneyonmy'vecometounderstandhowhardmyparentsworktosupportfortheusedtokeeponaskthemformoney，butnowI'llneverwastemoneyandlearntoshareworrywithmy'velearnthowtogetalongwellwith'sworse，I'vegainedsomeworkingandsocialexperienceandIhavelearntsomethingcan'tbelearntfromthesewillbegoodf