人教版高中英语选修七Unit4Sharing-词汇篇(学生版)

第第页/共10页第第1页/共10页第7讲Sharing词汇篇1.熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。一.重点词汇adjustvt.&vi.调整；使适合 .[重点用法]adjustmentn.调整；修正adjustableadj.可调节的；可调整的adjust(sth.／oneself)(tosth.)使适应；适应。注意：该词作不及物动词时，其意思是“适应于”，后常跟介词to。[典例]IusuallyadjustmywatchbeforeIgotoworkinthemorning.我通常早上上班前校准我的表 .Itseemsthatthenewcomershaveadjustedthemselvesintheschoo1.新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。4)Thedesksandseatscanbeadjustedtotheheightofanychild.这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适合任何孩子的高度。participatevi.参与；参加；分享[重点用法]participantn.参与者，共享者participateinadiscussion参加讨论participateinprofits分享利润participateinsb.'ss与fTMgk的痛苦；与某人共患难[典例]IfonlyIcouldparticipateinyourgoodfortune.要是我能分享你的好运就好了Wheningrief，youneedsomefriendstoparticipateinyoursuffering.悲伤时，你需要朋友帮你分担痛苦。otherwiseadv.用另1J的方法；其他方面adv&conj.否贝U;不然[重点用法]andotherwise等等；其他butotherwise然而在别的方面却orotherwise或相反[典例]Heisslowbutotherwiseheisagoodworker.他虽慢，但在其他方面却是个好工人。Heremindedmeofthat；Ishouldotherwisehaveforgotten.幸亏他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。Youshouldgonow，otherwiseyou'llmissthebus.你现在该走了，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。Hethinksotherwise.他是另外一种想法。arrangementn.安排；排列.[典例]Hearrangedthebooksontheshelf.他把书架上的书整理了一下。Wehavearrangedaparty.我们准备了一个晚会。Arrangedwithhertomeetat8.和她商定8点钟见面。[重点用法]arrangev.安排，排列，协商cometoanarrangement谈妥；达成协议makearrangementfor为 做好准备；为 做好安排makearrangementwithsb.与(某人 )商定或约好， (和某人 )达成协议；做好准备；做出安排donatevt.捐赠[重点用法]donationn.[C]捐赠物；n.[U]捐赠，赠送donatorn.捐赠者donatesth.(tosb.／sth.)捐赠，赠送 (钱、物等 )makeadonation(donations)l提示：donate虽然是及物动词，常与介词 to搭配，但位于直接宾语前的介词 to不能省略。类似用法的词语还有：introducesb.tosb.；explainsth.tosb.等。[典例]Alltheteachersandschoolmatesdonatebloodtothenationannually.全校师生每年都向国家献血。Wouldyouliketomakeadonationtoourcharityappeal?你愿意响应我们慈善团体呼吁来捐物吗?Donationistheactofgivingtoafundorcause.捐赠是对某一基金或事业的赠送行为。purchasevt.&n.买；购买； (以某种代价 )换得； (经过努力 )取得，赢得 (常与with连用)[典例]Thenewcouplespentsomemoneyonthepurchaseofthefurniturenecessaryfortheirnewhouse.这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必需的家具。Thefarmwassoldattenyears ’这农场以相当于purchase.10年间土地收入的价钱售出。[重点用法]madeapurchase买件东西leavesb.tohispurchase让某人自谋生路liveonone'spurchase自谋生计，自找活路purchasefreedomwithblood以血的代价赢得自由purchaseandsale买卖distributionn.分配；分发；分布状态[重点用法]distributev.vi.分配；散布distributesth.To把某物分[配， 发]给...distributesth.among把某物分[配，发]给 [典例]Atpresent，thedistributionofprofitscannotsatisfymostofthepeople.目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人民。Beforetheopeningceremonyofthesuper-market，someworkersaresenttodistributehandbillsontheStreet.超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。relevantadj.有关的，相应的[典例]Morerelevantdetailshavebeenfoundout.找到了更多有关的细节Herefusedtosayanythingnotrelevanttothepresentquestion.他拒绝回答和目前的问题无关的内容。operatev.操作，运转，开动，起作用[典例]Themedicineoperatedquickly.这药很快就起作用了。Heisoperatingapatientonthehead.他正在给病人头部做手术Hehelpedhisfatherwithoperatingabusiness.他帮他的父亲经营着一家企业二.重点词组bedyingforsth／todosth迫切想要；渴望[短语归纳]bethirstyforsth／todosth渴望[典例]I'mdying/thirstyforsomethingtoeat.我极想吃点东西。Sheisdying/thirstytoknowwhereyouhavebeen.她极想知道你去了哪儿。Afteralongdryseasonthetreesaredying/thirstyforwater.经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。theotherday几天前[典例]Icameacrossmyoldfriendinthestreetintheotherday.我几天前在街上碰见一个老朋友。Iheardofthenewsintheotherday，butIdarednottellyou.几天前我就听说这个消息了，但不敢告诉你。stickout.伸出，突出，坚持到底[短语归纳]sticktosth.坚持(to是介词)stickwithsb／sth继续支持某人／某事提示：stick(stuck, stuck)不规则动词[典例]Don'tstickyourheadoutofthecarwindow..不要把头伸到车窗外。Stickwithmeandyou'llbeallright.有事你来找我就没问题了。inneed.在困难中；在危急中[短语归纳]inneed/wantof需要theneedforsth.对 的需要atone'sneed人困难时satisfy/meetone'sneeds人的需要[典例]Afterthelackofwaterforalongtie，cropsareingreatneedofwater.长时间缺水后，庄稼急需要水 .Asweallknow，everyoneintheworldhasaneedforaffection.我们大家都知道，每个人都有对感情的需要三.重点句子1.SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents，mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.有时候，我真想知道化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。他们中大多数学完八年级以后就回到他们的村庄去了。[解释]名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom•♦引导定语从句[典例]1)Shehastwosons， bothofwhomareservinginthearmy.她有两个儿子，都在部队服役。2)Todaymymotherboughtseveralshirts，oneofwhichisforme.今天妈妈买了几件衬衣，其中一件是给我的。2.YouaskedwhetherI'mgettingtoknowanylocalpeo即我是否了解当地的老百姓。[解释]getto+喜好/认识，表示渐变的过程。[典例]IgottorealizehowimportantthehappylifewasasIgrewolder.随着年龄的增长，我逐渐意识到幸福生活的重要性。Igottoliketheflatweweregoingtomovein.我逐渐地喜欢上我们即将搬进去的公寓。(2019湖南长沙高二 )Heworeshoesthatlooked30yearsold，toosmallforhisfeet，withholesalloverthem，histoes out.A.StuckB.CameC.Went第A.StuckB.CameC.Went第4页/共10页D.rushedBecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,hehisopinion.A.stuckat B.stuckto C.stoodfor D.stuckout(2019黄冈高二下)1'dliketoapplyforthepositionofassistantmanagersir.Whatexperiencedoyouhavethatistothisposition?A.Relevant B.Convenient C.Superior D.Contrary(2019江苏苏州高二下)Asateacheryouhavetoyourmethodtotheneedsofslowerchildren.A.Recommend B.Distribute C.Reflect D.adjust(2019山东淄博高二下)Studentsinourschoolareencouragedtomoreactivitiesafterclassinordertobroadentheirknowledge.A.Attend B.Join C.Takepart D.Participatein基础演练一.根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空Theyencouragedthetointhesingingperformanceafterthecontest.(participate)Thedoctorareonanofafactorywhogotinjuredwhenamachine,andtheissaidtolastovertenhours.(operate)Theseatsintheplaneare,andyoucanthemtoacertainangle.Theisnotdifficulttomake.(adjust)Thedrinksweretothembycocacolacompanyandtheyreceivedfromothercompaniesaswell.(donate)Ourdepartmentwillbeinchargeoftheconference.Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsontheforit?(arrange)巩固提高二.课文词汇等填空根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Joworkedatabushschool1classroomweremadefrombambooandgrass.There 'snoelectricityorwaterthere.It2thestudentsabouttwohours3(get)totheschool.Johopedtomakesomedifferencetothechildren 'slivesbyteachingthem.The0thervsitedTombe 'shome.Whentheyarrived4thevillage,Tombe'motherwho5(work)inthegarden,startedcrying“ieeeieee”.Tombe'sfatherledthemtohishouselowbamboohutwithgrass7 (突出)outoftheroof, 8hecouldonlyseeafewtinplatesandcupsandgreens.ThatnightJoandJennysleptona9 (新近地)madeplatform.Theyleftthevillagethenextmorning10manygoodbyesandshakingofhands.Thecriminal,aswellassomepeople,wasarrestedbythepoliceyesterday.A.Relevant B.Skilled C.Released D.luckyImyuniversityprofessorinthesupermarketnearmyhouse,whichwasoutofmyexpectation.A.cameout B.cameacross C.cameabout D.camealongTheplanhastobetomeettherealsituation.第5页/共10页A.adjusted B.Adapted C.Produced D.refoundedStudentsareencouragedto thedesigncompetitionforrobotsattheuniversity.A.takepart B.Operate C.jointo D.participateinThemanI yesterdayinthestreetismymanager.A.paidavisit B.hadatalk C.Met D.droppedAfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth，Chineseastronauts walkinspace.A.anxioustodoB.eagerfor C.aredyingto D.arelongingtoIn Chineseculture，marriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparentsfortheirchildren.A.Historic B.Remote C.Traditional D.furtherAliveprogramonTViscallingonpeopleto moneyorsomeotherthingstothepeoplewhohavesufferedfromthefloodinHenanProvince.A.Donate B.Lend C.Put D.payHiscarelessdriving himhislifelastyear.A.Cost B.Spent C.Paid D.tookDoyou yourfriendsthroughthickandthin?.A.stickout B.stickto C.stickwith D.stickThemanI yesterdayisMr.WhiteA.paidavisitB.hadatalk C.droppedin D.cameacrossTheorganizationisbadly ofhands.A.Relevant B.Donated C.inneed D.dyingSueisgoodat.singingandhervoicesounds .A.Soft B.Softly C.Sweetly D.WellDoyouknowwhentheplanewilltakeoff?Thepassengersare toknowit.A.Agreeing B.Dying C.Deciding D.DesiringIcan’tmeetyouonSunday.I eng’aglelbde.A.Also B.Just C.Nevertheless D.otherwise一.单项选择InChina，peopleoversixty-fivecanenjoysome inpublicplacesaslongastheycanprovidetheiridentifications.A.Advantages B.Good C.Privileges D.welfareItremainsdoubtful immediatemeasurescouldbetakentopreventundergroundwaterpollution.A.How B.Whether C.When D.whereMakesurethegasisturnedoffafterabath，whichwould causedanger.A.Anyhow B.Meanwhile C.Furthermore D.otherwise第6页/共10页Sufferingfromwar,povertyandillness,manyAfricanchildrenarefood,loveandcare.A.incaseof B.inchargeof C.infaceof D.inneedofAccordingtoexperts,Chinaneedstoitsone-childfamilyplanningpolicytofightagainstaworseninggender（性另U）imbalanceandanagingpopulation.A.Arrange B.Apply C.Adapt D.adjustWhenreadingEnglishnovels,IoftensomeidiomaticexpressionsthatIcan'tunderstand.A.comeacross B.goover C.getacross D.takeoverTcation.A.Purchased B.Produced C.Sacrificed D.stored一Shedecidedtothekidney肾）ofherdyingsontoasickboyinthehospital.—Sheisagreatmother.A.Award B.Donate C.Subscribe D.distribute-I'dliketoapplyforthepositionofassistantmanager, sir.-Whatexperiencedoyouhavethatisrelevantthisposition?A.Of B.With C.About D.toAfterhisthirdnovel,Mr.King'simaginationseemedto,sohedecidedtotravelaroundtheworldtobroadenhishorizons.A.setup B.pickup C.speedup D.dryup二.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：335完成时间：7分钟难度：****AbadWorkingMemory（大月百的工作记忆）—thebrain'stemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified."Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchild'spotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ（智商）,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors（预示物）oflearningability,'saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritainDurhamUniversity.Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.It'simportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant（不相关的）informationwillclutterworkingmemory.Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely, relatedtoalackofattention."Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,"saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,第7页/共10页anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess（评定）theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4；ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.Levine’osrganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned，whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates，CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded，Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?Ithasalimitedcapacity.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.Itimproveswithuse.Itcancausealackofattention.Accordingtothenewresearch， .theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognizedworkingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligencelazinesscanweakenworkingmemoryworkingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforeverWhatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Change B.Improve C.Strengthen D.ConfuseWhichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachild'sworkingmemory?Expandingthebrain'sstoragebox.Trainingthememory.Rememberingmorethings.Beingremindedfrequently.Accordingtothepassage，Dr.MelLevinehas .inventedtoolstohelpimproveachild'sworkingmemoryfoundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblemidentifiedtheproblemclearlycomparedworkingmemorytoabox三.读写任务阅读下面一篇一位美国朋友希望找个中国大学生作为游伴的博客短文，然后按照要求写一篇 150词左右的英语短文。I'm19-year-old，namedBoobiSmith，ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.Myplan，basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet，istosetoffnextweekendwhenthesummervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming，theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyandmildtemperature.We'llgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days，andthenwe'llheadforJinggangshan，第8页/共10页aformerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere，wewilltakealong-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshiptoShanghai，sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.Aseverybodyknows，ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.I'dliketohavealookatitsprosperity，sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisamust.Alltogether，ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme，andtalkwithmeinEnglish，andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@).[写作内容 ]假如你叫李华，是一名就读大学生。你想和 Boobie结伴同游。你写一封电子邮件和他联系，谈谈你对这次同游的计划的打算，内容要点包括：以约30个词概括Boobie的博客短文的要点；然后以约120个词谈谈你对这次同游计划的打算，内容包括：(1)对Boobie这次中国之游的感受；(2)对Boobie的日程安排、费用分担情况和相关要求表示赞同，并说明赞同理由；(3)你对Boobie来华旅游的祝愿和希望。[写作要求]作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；邮件的开头、结尾已写好。作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准 ]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯：[写作辅导 ]写作有可能用到的主