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山西省吕梁市第八中学高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1.Asyouwalkoutofthedoorwithaperson,youshouldsay“______.”A.Beforeme
B.Goahead,please
C.Yougofirst
D.Afteryou参考答案:D2.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioning
B.questioned
C.tobequestioned
D.havingquestioned参考答案:B3.Allvisitorsarewaitingoutside,DoctorLi._______theycomeintogetherorseparately?A.Shall
B.Can
C.will
D.Would参考答案:A4.UsedtoTVshows,whereeverythingisquickandentertaining,manypeopledonothavethe______toreadabookthatrequiresthinking.
A.courage
B.wisdom
C.patience
D.freedom参考答案:C5.Canyouexplain
mostdesertsarelocatednearthewestcoastofthecontinents?
A.whyisitthat B.whyitisthat
C.howitisthatD.howisitthat
参考答案:B6.Susanwasexpectingherfavouritesingers,buttoherdisappointment,_______appeared.A.some
B.none
C.everyone
D.noone
参考答案:B略7.Allthesoldierswereplacedexactly
thelocalgovernmentwantedthemforthecontrolofthecomebackoftheflood.A.while
B.when
C.where D.though参考答案:C略8.Attheearthsummit,alltherepresentativesfrommorethan100countriestrieddesperatelyto______howurgentthesituationofitsbeingpollutedwas.A.convey
B.appeal
C.inform
D.transform参考答案:A9.Didyouhearthenewsthismorning?Oh,yes,______theJapanesegovernmenthasdoneaboutDiaoyuIslandhascausedgreatangeramongChinese.ks5uA.that
B.which
C.what
D.why参考答案:C10.
—Canyouguesswhat’sthefrontpagenewstoday?—Ofcourse,thesedayseverybody_____abouttheearthquake.A.istalking
B.talked
C.hastalked
D.hadtalked参考答案:A11.ItwasTropicalStormWashiofPhilippinesonDecember19,2011
causedthefloods
killedmorethan684people.A.when;that
B.that;when
C.when;when
D.that;that参考答案:D略12.Tom,you______leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!A.wouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.needn’t
D.mightnot参考答案:B13.
Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace______,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.
A.which
B.where
C.there
D.what参考答案:B14.They’vemadefullpreparations,butitremains______whethertheywillbeabletodoagoodjobintheexperiment.
A.tosee
B.seen
C.beingseen
D.tobeseen参考答案:D15.Theplace_______thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_______thecrossrivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;where
B.atwhich;which
C.atwhich;where
D.which;inwhich参考答案:C略16.IthoughtavacationinColoradocouldbe___and____.A.funny;relaxing
B.funny;
relaxed
C.fun;relaxing
D.fun;relaxed参考答案:C略17.Ifyouhavedifficultyinunderstandingsomething,youmayresearch,studyandtalktootherpeople
youfigureitout.A.because B.though C.until D.since参考答案:C18.Iarrivedjustashe_______thehotel.Hetoldmehehadtogotothestationimmediately.A.wouldleave
B.wasleaving
C.left D.hadleft参考答案:B二、填空19.IwastravelinginasmallplaceinNewYork.Thatplacehadnotaxiforashort____61____(distant).Onehadtotakearickshaw(人力车).Icalledoutforanoldmaninthewaitingline.BeforeIgotontherickshaw,I____62____(automatic)askedhowmuchhewouldchargetotakemeacrosstotheMall.I____63____(tell)“10dollars”.ThenIstartedbargaining.Hejustgaveahardsmileandsaid,“Whateveryoufeellike,pleasegiveme.Itisnotnecessary____64____(bargain)onthissmallamount.”Iwasabitashamedatmyselfandkeptquietwhilehecontinued,“____65____(like)thosetaxis,myvehicledoesnotrunonpetrolordiesel(柴油)orevengas;___66___runsonmysweat.Sopleasegiveittome___67___asmile,forthemoneyhastofeedsomany____68____(hunger)mouthsathome.”WhenwereachedtheMall,Igavehimthemoneyandthesmile___69___requestedandaddedagentlepatonhisback.HesmiledbackasiftogivemeareceiptandIwouldpreservehissmilefor___70___longtime.参考答案:61.distance
62.automatically
63.wastold
64.tobargain
65.Unlike
66.it
67.with
68.hungry
69.as
70.a试题分析:本文属于记叙文,讲述了在纽约乘坐人力三轮车时,车夫的一番话让我感觉他们生活的艰难与不易。【61题详解】distance考查名词。本题横线前面是形容词short,说明横线上应该使用名词,所以使用形容词distant的名词形式distance。【62题详解】automatically考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词,形容词通常做定语或表语。本句中使用副词automatically在句中做状语修饰谓语动词。【63题详解】wastold考查时态语态。本句中主语I与动词tell构成被动关系,且根据第一段内容可知本文叙述过去发生的事情,所以本句使用一般过去时的被动语态wastold。【64题详解】tobargain考查不定式用法。本句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语tobargainonthissmallamount。【65题详解】Unlike考查介词。本句中介词unlike和...不一样;句意:和那些出租车不一样,我的这种车不用汽油,用的我的汗水。【66题详解】it考查代词。在英语中it通常指代上文出现的同一事物,本句中it指代前句中的myvehicle。【67题详解】with考查介词。本句中介词with表示“带着”,表示伴随。请面对微笑把钱给我,因为这钱要养活很多张饥饿的嘴。【68题详解】hungry考查形容词。在英语中形容词通常做定语修饰名词,或做表语和系动词构成系表结构。本句中使用形容词hungry做定语修饰名词mouths。【69题详解】as考查连词。本句中连词as意为“像...一样”。引导方式状语细节,在后面省略了wewere。句意:当我们到达购物中心的时候,像被要求的那样我给了他钱和微笑,并温柔地拍了拍他的后背。【70题详解】a考查固定短语。短语foralongtime很长一段时间,该短语在句中作时间状语。考点:考查语法填空20.ShawnCheshireisablindcyclistwhocompetedinthe2016ParalympicsinRiodeJaneiro,Brazil.Shelostherability____41____(see)afteranaccidentnineyearsago.Shehastriedtobecomeas____42____(depend)aspossibleinthelastfewyears.Shesaidthat,____43____alongtime,shewasinareallydarkplaceandhatedbeingblind.Shesaidthatsportsandphysicalexercisegave____44____(she)anotheropportunityatliving.Earlierthismonth,Cheshirecrossed68kilometersofsteepandunevengroundintheGrandCanyon(大峡谷).Shedidsoin24hoursand15minutes,____45____isbelievedtobearecordforablindhiker(徒步旅行者).The____46____(early)recordof28hours____47____(set)in2014.ThreefriendshelpedherduringtheGrandCanyonhike.Theywalkedseveralstepsapart.Theyguidedandwarnedherof____48____(barrier).Shelistenedforandfollowedthesoundofabell____49____(wear)bytheleadhiker.Sheusedhikingpolesforbalance.CheshireandherfriendsfinishedthehikeonOctober8,2018.Shesaidasthegroupneared_____50_____endofthetrip,“Ihadahugeballofemotionwelledupinmychest–Icannotbelievewejustdidthat.”参考答案:41.tosee
42.independent
43.for
44.her
45.which
46.earlier
47.wasset
48.barriers
49.worn
50.the本文为记叙文。文章介绍了ShawnCheshire作为一个盲人,克服重重困难徒步穿越大峡谷,创造了盲人徒步穿越大峡谷的新纪录的故事。【41题详解】考查不定式。此处表示丧失了视力,abilitytodo“做……的能力”,所以填tosee。【42题详解】考查形容词。此处作become的表语,用形容词,根据语境可知,她尽力变得独立,所以填independent。【43题详解】考查介词。表示持续一段时间,用“for+一段时间”。故填for。【44题详解】考查代词。此处作give的宾语,所以用宾格,再根据语境表示运动和体育锻炼给了她机会,所以用her。【45题详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意:她用24小时15分钟穿越了68公里陡峭崎岖的大峡谷,这个时间被认为是盲人徒步者创造的纪录。所以空格处指的是前面的时间,所以先行词是时间,从句缺主语,又因为是非限定性定语从句,所以用关系代词which。【46题详解】考查比较级。此处表示早先的纪录是在2014年创立的,所以表示“早在……之前”,用earlier。【47题详解】考查被动语态。根据时间状语2014可知,用一般过去时,根据语境可知,纪录是被建立,所以用过去式的被动语态wasset。【48题详解】考查名词复数。句意:她的朋友们引导和警告她障碍。障碍不止一个,所以要用复数barriers。【49题详解】考查过去分词。分析句子成分可知,本句谓语为listenedandfollowed,所以wear要用作非谓语,修饰bell,再根据“铃”与“带着”是被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填worn。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意:她在接近旅途结束时说。旅途是特指这次旅途,所以trip前要加the。【点睛】此题的第一小题考查不定式作定语。在英语中有些名词,如:ability,ambition,attempt,chance,courage,desire,decision,effort,failure,moment,promise,right,time,wish等一些表示企图,努力,愿望,打算,能力等的名词后只能用不定式作定语,因此ability后用tosee。三、阅读理解21.Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthingHowever,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,kingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemerit(优点)ofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.12.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause
.A.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmentB.theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayinC.theyconsideredbathingascauseofskindiseaseD.Theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbaths13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV’sattitudetobathing?A.Curious B.Afraid C.Approving D.Uninterested14.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?A.Byfollowingtheorderoftime. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byprovidingexamples D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassages?A.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.D.Tostresstheroleofdirt.参考答案:12.D
13.B
14.A
15.C本文主要讲述的是在历史的发展过程中,人们对于dirt的看法是在不停地发生着变化。【12题详解】D细节题。根据第二段的前两句...asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.说明他们认为在浴室里还传染疾病的,所以才下令关闭浴室。故D正确。【13题详解】B推理题。根据第二段最后两句HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.说明他很害怕疾病的传播,所以才把这位贵族驱逐出去,故B正确。【14题详解】A推理题。根据第二段Intheearly16thcentury和didthekingofEnglandin1546.以及HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.说明本文是按照时间的顺序来组织全文的。故A正确。【15题详解】C主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.和最后一段Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.都说明人们对于dirt的看法是在不停地变化之中的,故C项正确。【名师点睛】本文是关于人们对dirt的看法的变化,要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可能是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。比如第2小题,根据第二段最后一句中的toavoidtheattackofdisease,(为了避免疾病的攻击)说明他很害怕疾病的传播。所以很容易看出,HenryIV对洗浴的态度是“害怕”。22.HowmanypeoplehaveImetwhohavetoldmeaboutthebooktheyhavebeenplanningtowritebuthaveneveryetfoundthetime?Fartoomany.ThisisLife,allright,butwedotreatitlikearehearsal(排演)and,unhappily,wedomisssomanyofitsbestmoments.Wetakejobstostayaliveandprovidehomesforourfamiliesalwaysmakingourselvesbelievethatthisstyleoflifeismerelyatemporarystateofaffairsalongtheroadtowhatwereallywanttodo.Then,at60or65,wearesuddenlypresentedwithaclockandseveralgrandchildrenandwelookbackandrealizethatallthoseyearswaitingforRealLifetocomealongwereinfactreallife.In
AmericatheyhaveasayingmuchlaughedatbytheEnglish:“Haveaniceday”theyspeakslowlyandseriouslyintheirshops,hotelsandsandwichbars.Ithinkitisawonderfulphrase,remindingus,ineffect,toenjoythemoment:tovaluethisveryday.Howoftendowesaytoourselves,"I'lltakeuphorse-riding(orgolf,orsailing)assoonasIgetahigherposition,"only
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