影响听力的因素

影响听力的因素1.语音知识的不足2.语法知识的不足3.词汇知识的不足4.文化背景知识的不足5.心理因素Lesson

1第一节短对话部分解题技巧1、题型特征和解题技巧

【题型特征】①一般是一男一女对话②问题一般是特殊疑问句③8组对话，间隔15秒④提问内容涉及：原因、态度、细节、数字、场景、关系、言外之意等解题技巧

①把握听力关键词（转折、因果、时间、暗示等）W:IwasgreatlyimpressedbyFrank’soilpaintings.M:Butintheartofoilpaintings,Billisabovealltheothers.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?（D）A.Frank’soilpaintingarenotgoodatall.B.Frank’soilpaintingareasgoodasBill’s.C.NeitherFrank’snorBill’soilpaintingaregood.D.Bill’soilpaintingarebetterthanFrank’s.②加强对关键句型的敏感度（反问、建议等）1)理解反问句式的陈述含义

W:WherecanIfindabottleofink?M:Whydon’tyoutrytheshoponcampus?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?2)理解虚拟语气的相反含义W:PutyourgrandmotherinanOldPeople’sHome.Theywilllookafterher.M:Theywouldiftheycould.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?(D)A:Hisgrandmotherwillbetakengoodcareofthere.B:TherearenotenoughOldPeople’sHomes.C:Hisgrandmotherisnotwillingtobeputthere.D:Hisgrandmotherwillnotgetwhatsheneedsmostthere.③忽略次要信息和混淆内容（反义疑问、量词、特殊疑问等）M:IwonderifSuewillbehereby5O’clock.W:Herhusbandsaidshelefthomeat4:30.Sheshouldbehereat5:10,and5:15atthelatest.Q:WhattimedidSueleavehome?(C)A.5:15B.5:10C.4:30D.5:00④积累场景相关词汇（家庭、学习、生活、工作、娱乐、用餐、天气、购物、医疗、交通等）以及掌握一些口语中的常用短语、习语以及惯用法。例1M:IhearthattheresearchcenterhaschosenFrankasheadoftheteam.Isthattrue?W:Yousaidit.Buttheymusthavebeenoutofmindinthechoice!Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?(B)A:Theresearchcenterhasmadeagoodchoice.B:Theresearchcenterhasmadeastupidchoice.C:Theresearchcenterisenthusiasticaboutchoosingthehead.D:Theresearchcenterhasn’tmadeachoiceyet.例2M:let’sgoforawalk.W:I’dloveto,butIfeelabitundertheweather.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?(C)A:Theweatherismakingherfeelunwell.B:Shewouldliketogoforawalk.C:Shedoesn’tfeelwellenoughtgoforawalk.D:It’snotveryniceweatherforawalk.常用的口语词组、习语和惯用法（A）ababyinarmsabigshotabirdinthebushabirdinthehandablacksheepablindalleyabornloserabosomfriendagoodcaseinpointabsenceofmindachickenguyagaydogaheadofscheduleamanofhiswordamanofmeansapawninthegameapieceofcakeaplainJaneanapplepolisheranswerthecallofnatureanyminuteapplyone’smindtoasalikeastwopeasasgoodasasgoodasgoldasrightasrainathandatalossatanyrateatsomebody’sbackatthetopoftheladder/tree具体地说，包括以下技巧：1.易混读音（见书P33）2.表意功能强的词、短语和句式3.常见话题中的短语与表达方式1).Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2).Whatdoesthemanimply?3).Whatdoesthemanmean?4).Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?题型分类

1）地点与场所题

四级听力常考十大场景：学习选课场景、打工场景、天气场景、看病场景、图书馆场景、论文场景、租房场景、出行场景、餐馆场景、减肥场景。判断对话发生的地点，或判断对话中某一方要去的地方，以及判断第三者所在的位置等。这类测试通常比较简单，提问的方式比较单一，选择项特点明显，一般四个选择项都是表示地点状语的介词短语。常见的提问方式是：

Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

Wherearethetwospeakersnow?

Wheredoyouthinkthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

Whereistheman/womangoing?

WhereisMarynow?相关词汇和表达：Hotel：roomservice,doubleroom,reservation,book,frontdesk,bathroomreception，singleroom……Restaurant：menu，steak，order，salad，softdrink，dessert，soup，go

Dutch，beef，mutton，reservationLibrary：borrow,over-due,lend,

fine,renew,

catalogue，shelf，volumePostoffice：mail，parcel，airmail，registeredletter，post，postageStore：size，fashion，color，cash,counter，checkout，onsale，ofthesameprice,

bargainBank：openanaccount,drawonone'saccount,currentaccount,fixeddepositHospital：fever，pills，cough，tablet，headache，takemedicine，stomachache，temperature，prescribeSchool：Bachelor'sdegree，Master'sdegree，Doctor'sdegree，dormitory，semester，requiredcourse，elective/optionalcourse，credit，exam.Plane：flight，seatbelt，takeoff，land，boarding.例1A)Athome.

B)Attheriverside.

C)Atthehealthcenter.

D)Athisoffice.M：Hello,thisisJohnHopkinsattheRiversideHealthcenter.I'dliketospeaktoMr.Jones.

W：I‘msorry，Mr.Hopkins，myhusbandisn’tathome.ButI

cangiveyouhisofficephonenumber.Hewon‘tbebackuntil6o’clock.

Q：WheredoesMrs.Jonesthinkherhusbandisnow?例2A)Inabank.

B)Inaschool.

C)Inaclothingstore.

D)Inabarbershop.W：Youseemveryconfidentaboutthejobinterview，don‘tyou?

M：Yes，Ifeelreadyforit.Iboughtagoodsuitintheclothing

store.Ihadmyhaircut.Ihavestudiedalmosteverythingaboutfinance

andeconomics.

Q：Whereisthemanprobablygoingtowork?（A）例3A)Atabookingoffice.

B)InaHongKonghotel.

C)Onabusystreet.

D)Atanairport.W：CanIhelpyou，Sir?

M：Yes.Canyoushowmethewaytogate9forflight901toHong

Kong?I‘mquiteconfusedhere.

Q：Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?(D)2)职业、身份和相互关系题四个选项往往是4种不同职业或是表示两个对话者之间关系的词。如husbandandwife，bossandsecretary，librarianandstudent或customerandrepairman等。常见的提问方式是：

What‘stheman/woman?

Whatdoestheman/womando?

What‘stheman’s/woman‘sjob/profession/occupation?

What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?

What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?相关词汇和表达：1、营业员与顾客(shopassistantandcustomer)

WhatcanIdoforyou?/onsale/CanIhelpyou?/outofstyle/ready-made/receipt/check-outstand/size/color/fit2、饭店服务员与顾客(waiter/waitressandcustomer)

menu/seasoning/order/treat/goDutch/steak/ham/bill/DutchTreat/reserve/makeareservation3、图书管理员与学生(librarianandstudent)

borrow/renew/librarycard/librarycatalogue/loandesk/due/overdue/fine4、医生与病人(doctorandpatient)

What‘swrong?/Whatseemstobethesymptom?/What’sthematter?/indigestion/stomach/beoperatedon/giveaninjection/chest

pain/feelwornout5、教师与学生(teacherandstudent)

tuition/registration/requiredcourse/compulsorycourse/optional

course/electivecourse/dropout/quitschool/credits/attendance/pass

course6、空姐与乘客(airhostessandpassenger)

takeoff/board/fastenseatbelt/land/depart/departuretime/extinguish

cigarettes7、老板与秘书(bossandsecretary)

copy/makearrangement/breakdown/inform例1A)Husbandandwife.

B)Fatheranddaughter

C)Doctorandpatient.

D)Teacherandstudent.W：Haveyoufoundanythingwrongwithmystomach?

M：Notyet.I‘mstillexamining.I’llletyouknowtheresult

nextweek.

Q：What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?(C)例2A)Arailwayporter.

B)Ataxidriver.

C)Abusconductor.

D)Apostalclerk.W：Excuseme,Sir,I‘mgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon.What’sthepostageforit?

M：Letmesee.It‘sonepoundandfifty.

Q：Whoisthewomanmostprobablyspeakingto?(D)3）数字与计算题常见的计算题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。出题形式可分为计算型、辨认型和替换型。以加减计算题为主。相关词汇与表达：

more，less，late，early，fast，slow，ahead

ofschedule，delay，postpone，decrease，bringforward，times，twice，double，aquarter，ahalf，thedaybeforeyesterday，halfanhour

例1

A)$1.40

B)$4.30

C)$6.40

D)$8.60W：Hereisaten-dollarbill.Givemetwoticketsfortonight'sshow，please.

M：Sure.Twoticketsandhere‘sadollarfortycentschange.

Q：Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?(D)

4）观点态度与反应题涉及的主要是对话中男女双方对某人某事的看法。选择项中往往出现1.表示人的情感或态度的动词或形容词等。如：beafraid，think，believe，feel，like等。2.表明人的喜、怒、哀、乐等情感的形容词，如：excited，bored等。3.描述事物性质的词，如：big，small，cheap等。常见的提问方式有：

Whatdoestheman/womanthinkof…?

What‘stheiropinionof…?

Howdidtheman/womanfeelabout…?

Howdidtheman/womanfeel?例1A)Onthewhole，shelikedthefilm.

B)Shedidn‘tseethefilm.

C)Thefilmwasveryexciting.

D)Thefilmwasn‘tasgoodasshe’dexpected.M：Didyoulikethefilm?

W：Notparticularly.Iwasratherdisappointed.

I'dexpectedittobemuchmoreexciting

Q：