2020年10月份自考英语二真题及答案解析

2020年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）

试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2第一部分为选择题必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡的相应代码涂黑。3．第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号。使用0.5毫来黑色字迹签宇笔作答。4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。第一部分

选择题一、阅读判断（繁1-10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后刊出了10个句子，请报据短文内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及选择在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑未涂、错涂、多涂或少涂均无分。TheStrangerChangedMyLifeItwasasunnymorninginthespringof1966.Iwasdrivingataxi,lookingforacustomer.WhilepassingNewYorkHospital,foundamanrunningdownthehospitalsteps,wavingme.Istopped.Themanreachedthetaxiandjumpedin.“TheAirport,please,”hesaid.Asalways,Iwonderedaboutmypassenger.Wasthismanatalker?Afterafewmoments,hestartedsaying,“Howdoyoulikedrivingataxi?"“It's”Isaid.“Imakealivingandmeetinterestingpeople”“Whatdoyoudo?”Iasked.“IamadoctoratNew”Manytimesduringlongrides,I'ddevelopedagoodrelationshipwithmypassengersandreceivedverygoodadvicefromthem.ThistimeIdecidedaskforhishelp.“CouldIaskafavorofyou?”Hedidn'tanswer.“Ihaveason,15,agoodkid.Hewantsajobthissummer.itpossiblethatyougetone”Hestillwasn'ttalking,Iwasstartingtofeelfoolish.

nally,hesaid,“Well,my

studentsasummerresearchproject.Maybehecouldjoinin.Havehimsendmehisschool”Helefthisaddressandpaidme.ItwasthelasttimeIeversawhim.Robbiesentoffhisgradesthenextmorning.Andgraduallythisincidentwasforgotten.Twoweekslater,whenIarrivedhomefromwork,Robbiehandedmealetter.wasinformedtocallDr.Plumforaninterview.Robbiegotthejob.Thefollowingsummer,Robbieworkedatthehospitalagain,butthistime,hewasgivenmoreresponsibility.Then,heworkedatthehospitalforathirdsummerandgraduallydevelopedaloveofmedicalprofession.Neargraduatingfromcollege,RobbieappliedtoandwasadmittedtoNewYorkMedicalCollege.Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameadoctoratColumbiaMedicalCenter.1.Thedoctorshoutedatthetaxidriverforaride.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析at意为……大喊呵斥根据文中第二Themanreachedthetaxiandjumpedin.“TheAirport,”hesaid.八Finally,hesaid,……可知，医生并没有朝司机大喊大叫或呵斥。故选B2.Thedoctorwantedgototherailwaystationbytaxi.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析根据文中第二““TheAirport,please,”hesaid.可知生是要去机场，而不是火车站。故选B3.Thetaxidriverlikedtalkingwithhiscustomers.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析：根据文中“Manytimesduringlongrides,I'ddevelopedagoodrelationshipwithmypassengersandreceivedverygoodadvicefromthem.”可知，很多次司机和他的乘客都相处的很好并且能从乘客身上得到很好的建议可推出司机喜欢喝他的乘客聊天。

4.Thetaxidriverhadtwochildren.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：C解析：文中第七段Ihaveason提到司机有一个儿子，但并没有指出是否有其他孩子,故选。5.ThetaxidriverbecameDr.Plum'sfriend.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析：根据文中第九段“ItwasthelasttimeIeversawhim.”可知，这是司机最后一次见到这位医生，并没有和他成为朋友。故选B6.ThedoctorwrotearecommendationletterforRobbie.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：C解析根据文中第十“Robbiesentoffhisgradesthenextmorning.“wasinformedtocallDr.Plumforaninterview.”提出司机的儿子罗比把成绩寄给了医生，并且他还需要去面试，但并没有说这位医生是否有写推荐信。7.Robbiejoinedasummerresearchproject.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析：根据文中第十一段Robbiegotthejob.”可知，罗比得到了这份工作，即上文提到的夏日研究项目。8.Robbiegraduallyinterestedinmedicine.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析根据文中第十一“Then,heworkedatthehospitalforathirdandgraduallydevelopedaloveofmedicalprofession.”可知，罗比是渐渐地对医学感兴趣的。故选A9.RobbiefinallybecameadoctoratNewHospital.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven

答案：B解析：根据文章最后一句“Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameaatColumbiaMedicalCenter.”可知，罗比是在哥伦比亚医药中心（ColumbiaMedicalCenter）做医生，而不是在纽约医院（NewYorkHospital）。10.Bigopportunitiescancomeoutofordinarymeetings.A.TrueB.False

C.NotGiven答案：A解析：根据文章最后一句“Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameaatColumbiaMedicalCenter.”可知，罗比只是一个出租车司机的儿子最后却在哥伦比亚医疗中心做医生由此推出好机会可以来自一些普通的会面中。第二部分：阅读选择（第1115题，每题分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的个选项（A、B、C、中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。TalktoYourKidsaboutTheirEatingHabitsCarefullyWeightisnevereasysubject.canberiskyforparentsraisetheofeatinghabitsandweightwiththeirkids.“Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,”afriendtoldmewhenIwasworriedaboutmyson'sweight.Itturnsshewasright,accordinganewstudy.ThestudywasdirectedbyDr.BergeatUniversityofMinnesota.Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeatingproblems.Butofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.Soeatingdisorderswerecaused.Thingswereworsewhenfathersjoinedinthediscussionswiththeirdaughtersandfocusedonweight.“Fathersshouldnevercommentontheirdaughters'weight,saysBerge.Instead,shesuggests,fathersshouldfocusontheirdaughters'interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.Howshouldparentstalktokidsabouteatingbehaviors?AccordingtoBerge,

theyshouldavoidfocusinghowmuchtheirkidsweigh.Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.Don'tcomparethemwithothers.Ideally,bothparentsshouldsharetheresponsibility.Ifthat'snotpossible,choosetheparentwhosewordscausetheleastamountofstressandwhodemonstrateshealthyeating.11.Thewriter'sfriendadvisedhernotto.A.worryaboutherweightB.taketheofgainingweightC.changehereatinghabitstalktohersonabouthisweight答案：D解析：根据文中第二段的““Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,”afriendtoldwhenIwasworriedaboutmyson'sweight.”可知孩子不会因为母亲说自己胖就去减肥可推出朋友建议不要和孩子谈论体重，故选D12.ThestudyfoundthatsomekidshadfewereatingproblemsbecausetheyA.learnedeathealthilyC.focusedontheirweight

B.tookpartinthestudyD.believedscientists答案：A解析：根据文中第三段的“Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeating”可知，父母如果和孩子讨论健康的饮食方法孩子就会少出现饮食问题由此可推出孩子之所以少出现饮食问题，是因为学会了健康饮食。故选13.Whentoldabouttheirfatness,somekids_______?A.felthelplessB.becameangryC.begantoeatnofoodD.refusedtotakeadvice答案：C解析据文中第三段Butofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.”中关键词othersevenateno”，可知有些孩子在这种情况下会不吃任何实物，故选C14.Ifafatherfocuseshisdaughter'sinterests,shewillfeel_____.A.amusedB.encouragedC.surprisedchallenged

答案：B解析：根据文中第三段的“fathersshouldontheirdaughters'interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.”中关键词“”可知，A好笑）、（惊讶）、D（挑战）都不合适，故选B15.Whentalkingtotheirkidsabouteatingbehaviors,parentsshould.A.focusonbeinghealthyB.useshortandsimplewordsC.respecttheirkids'views

D.comparetheirkidswithothers答案：A解析：根据文中最后一段的“Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.”可知，父母应该关注健康饮食，故选A第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16〜25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后2项测试任务（）从1620题后所给的个选项中为第每段选择个正确的小标题；（2）从第25题后所给的个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答題纸相应位罝上将答案选项涂黑。Plagiarism(剽窃）①YoujustfoundsomegoodstuffontheWebforyoursciencereport.Youcopyaparagraphandpasteitintoyourreport.Thenyoucontinueyourresearch.Butyoujustmadeabigmistake.Youcommittedplagiarism.Plagiarismiswhenyouelse'swordsideasandpretendthattheyareyours.It'snotallowedinschool,college,orbeyond.②Theword“plagiarism”comesfromItmeansstealingaperson'sButit'snotalwayseasytotellwhatisplagiarismandwhatisnot.Sometimes,it'saccidental.Youreallyintendedtodoyourownwork,yetendedupwithsomesentencessoundlikesomethingyou'veread.③Thoughplagiarismcanbeaccidental,it'ssometimesonpurpose.That'sjustbeinglazy.Bycopyingwholeparagraphsfromdifferentplaces,youdon'thavetospendthetimethinkingaboutthesubject,gatheringyourownthoughtsaboutit,andthenputtingthemintooriginalwords.paste,andyou're④Mostschoolsareprettystrictaboutplagiarism.Ifyou'recaught,your

graduationwillbedelayedorworse.Attheveryleast,you'reprobablygoingtofailtheassignment.Whenyou'reolderandincollege,someschoolswillkickoutstudentsplagiarize.Whenyou'rekickedoutofonecollege,canbehardtogetintoanother.⑤Tobeonthesafeside,alwaysmakeitclearwheretheinformationfrom.Youneedtowritereferences.That'salistofthesourcesusedforaprojectorreport.Todothat,you'llneedtoknowtheauthor,thetitle,thedateitwaspublished.Ifyouwritesomethingreallygreat,maybedaywillquoteyouinareport.plagiarismC.ThedefinitionofplagiarismplagiarismE.plagiarismTask116.Paragraph①答案：C解析键committedplagiarism.Plagiarismiswhenyouelse'wordsorideasandpretendthattheyare提出剽窃并解释其概念，所以该段谈的是剽窃的含义。17.Paragraph②答案：D解析：关键句Sometimes,it'saccidental.”，引出意外剽窃，并在该句之后继续解释意外剽窃，所以该段谈的是意外剽窃。18.Paragraph③答案：A解析：关键句“Thoughplagiarismcanbeaccidental,it'ssometimesonpurpose.”，承接上文意外剽窃，引出故意剽窃，并在改句之后阐述故意剽窃，所以该段谈的是故意剽窃。

19.Paragraph④答案：B解析：关键句“you'reyourgraduationwillbedelayedor”，如果被抓到剽窃，你会被延迟毕业，或者更糟。所以该段谈的是剽窃的代价。20.Paragraph⑤答案：F解析：关键句beonthesafeside,alwaysmakeitclearwheretheinformationcomesfrom.”，为了避免剽窃，就一定要注明句子的出处，并且在该句之后对继续阐述注明出处的详情。可见该段谈的是避免剽窃。A.youwillbepunishedB.youhavegreatideasC.quoteyouintheirreportsD.takeothers'ideasasyoursE.saveyoumuchtimeF.youplagiarizeornotTask221.Youcommitplagiarismwhenyou____________.答案：D解析第一“Plagiarismiswhenyouusesomeoneelse'swordsorideasandpretendthattheyareyours.”关键词“useelse'wordsorideas使用别人的言词或者想法。22.Sometimesithardtotellwhether___________.答案：F解析：第二段“Butit'snotalwayseasytotellwhatisplagiarismandwhatisnot.”，是否是剽窃不容易分辨。23.Copyingwholeparagraphs___________.答案：E解析：第三段“Bycopyingwholeparagraphsfromdifferentplaces,youdon't

havetospendthetimethinkingaboutthesubject”，从不同地方复制整个段落，你就不用再花时间去想这个。可见复制整个段落，可以节省时间。24.Oncecaughtplagiarism,___________.答案：A解析四Ifyou'reyourgraduationwillbedelayedorworse.如果被抓到剽窃，会被延迟毕业或者更糟，可见一旦抓到剽窃，就会受到惩罚。25.Ifyoupublishsomethinggreat,people___________.答案：C解析：文章最后一句“Ifyouwritesomethingreallygreat,maybesomedaywillquoteyouinareport.”如果你写了一些很好的作品，那么就可能会有人在报告中引用你的言词。第四部分：填句补文（第2630题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位罝以恢复文章原貌并在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。FruitImagineaworldwithoutfruit.Wewouldn'tbeveryhealthy.Wegetalotofimportantvitaminsfromeatingfruit.Wethinkoffruitprimarilyassomethingtoeat.26FruitispartofafloweringplantanditcarriestheThepurposeoffruitistoprotectaplant'sseedsandhelpthemspreadabout.Windandwaterspreadseeds.Sodoanimalswhentheyeatfruitanddroptheseeds.27Therearetwomaintypesoffruit:fleshyanddry.Fleshyfruitsareandjuicy.Pears,bananasandapplesareallfleshyfruits.28Grainslikewheatandrice,ornutslikechestnuts板栗)，aredryfruits.Butwait:You'veeatenorangesandgrapeswithoutseeds.Howcantheybefruits?It'sbecausepeoplehavechangedthewaytheygrowfruit.TheycannowgrowseedlessSeedlessfruitcomesspecialplantsthataremadebycombiningtwovarietiesofafruitformanewvariety.Thesespecialplantsgrowandproduceseeds.Theseplantscannotreproducethemselves.Theycanmakefruit,the

fruithasseeds.Fruitsareasourceofsubstanceskeepaliveandhealthy.Sopeoplemakeuseoffruitsformanyfoods.Wemakejuicesfromthem.Wemakejamsandsweets.30Beercomesfromgrainsandwinecomesfromgrapes,andsomeparticularwinesaremadefromapples,peaches,orotherfruits.A.Dryfruitsareandhard.B.Weevenmakealcoholfromfruit.C.Butfruithasapurposequiteapartourneeds.D.Sotheseplantsproducefleshyfruits.E.Thentheseedsgrowintonewplants.F.Buttheplantsgrownfromtheseseedsareseedless.26.答案：C解析根据26空前“Wethinkoffruitprimarilyassomethingtoeat.提到水果我们主要想到它是用来吃的以及后“purposeoffruitistoprotectaplant'sseedsandhelpthemgetspreadabout.提到水果的目的C选项说水果除了满足我们的需要还有一个目的，符合文意。27.答案：E解析据27空前Sodoanimalswhentheyeatfruitanddropthe”提到动物吃掉水果，丢弃种子。E选项说种子长成新的植物，符合文意。28.答案：A解析：根据28空前文“Therearetwomaintypesoffruit:fleshyanddry.”提到两种类型水果：多汁的和无汁的，以及后文“Grainslikewheatandrice”谈到是无汁的，可知A项符合文意。29.F答案：F解析：根据29空前文“Thesespecialplantsgrowandproduceseeds.提到

这些特殊的植物生长产生种子，以及后文“

Theseplantscannotreproducethemselves.”提到这些植物不能再次繁殖F选项提到这些种子长成的植物是没有种子的，推出没有种子就不能繁殖，正好符合后文的意义。30.答案：B解析：根据30空前文“Wemakejamsand”提到我们用水果制作果酱和糖果，以及后文啤酒喝红酒的制作，推出此处应该写我们用水果制造酒。第五部分：填词补文（第3140题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位罝，以恢复文章原貌并在答题纸相应位罝上将答案选项涂黑。MentalActivitiesHelpSaveMemoryDoingmentalactivitiesishelpful.Readingbooksandwritingatanymaysavememory,anew31finds.ThestudywasconductedbysomeAmericanneurologists(神经病学家)It294people.Theyweregivenonmemoryandthinking.Theyhadthetestsonceayearforsixyears.Theywerealsoaskedtotalkabouttheirmentalactivitiesduringchildhood,intheiryouth,duringmiddleageandattheirage.Someofthosepeopledidmentalactivitiesbothandlateinlife.Theyhadaslowerofdeclineinmemorythantheothers.Theothersdidsuchactivities.Theirrateofdeclineinmemorywas.“Mentalactivitieslikereadingandwritingaregreat.Theybringbenefits.Weshouldn't40theireffectsonourchildren,ourselvesandour”saidRobertWilson,leadauthorofthestudy.A.earlyB.testsC.seldomD.taught

E.fasterF.produceG.studyH.current

I.involvedJ.neglectK.rateL.really

31.答案：G解析：原文“Doingmentalactivitiesishelpful.Readingbooksandwritingatanymaysavememory,anewfinds.”短语studyfinds一份调查。32.答案：I解析：原文“It32”根据句意可推出此处是说这项调查包括294人，I选项符合文意。33.答案：B解析：原文“Theyweregivenonmemoryandthinking.”可知此处应填写名词，后文中谈到“tests”，可知B选项符合文意。34.答案：H解析：原文“Theywerealsoaskedtotalkabouttheirmentalactivitiesduringchildhood,intheiryouth,duringmiddleageandattheirage.”可知此处需要修饰“”，用“current”修饰，表示目前的年纪35.答案：A解析：原文“Someofthosepeopledidmentalactivitiesbothandlateinlife.”可知，用“”和“”形成对应。36.答案：K解析：原文“Theyhadaslowerofdeclineinmemorythantheothers.”处缺少名词，“aslowerrateofdecline”一个较慢的速度下降并且后文提到“rate”，正好与之对应。37.

答案：C解析：原文Theothersdidsuchactivities.”可知此处需要填写副词，前文拿那些参加心智活动实验的人和另外一些人做对比知另外的这些人是没有参加那些活动的，选C符合文意。38.答案：E解析：原文“Theirrateofdeclineinmemorywas.”承接前文提到的那些没有参加心智活动的人记忆力下降更快，选项“”符合文意。39.答案：L解析：原文They39bringbenefits.”可知需要填写副词，前文提到那些参加心智活动的人记忆力下降更慢一些，可知这项活动给他们带来益处，选项符合文意。40.答案：J解析：原文“Weshouldn'ttheireffectsonourchildren,ourselvesandour”saidRobertWilson,leadauthorofthestudy.”可知此处需要填写动词，前文提到这项活动有益，可推测此处应谈到不应忽略对孩子的影响，选项符合文意。第六部分：完形补文（第4150题，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。LaborMarketDeclineThedeclineofthelabormarketiseasyto(interpret).Therearemanyreasonsforthat.Duringthelargenumbersofwomenandyoungadults(bear)duringthebabyenteredintotheworkforce.That42(result)intoomanyworkersforthejobsavailableandwages.Thedeclinealsohassomethingtodowiththeexplosive(grow)inworldtrade1960.As44(manufacture)technologieshavebecomemoremobile，productionjobshave(move)fromtheU.S.tocountrieswherewagesarelow.In(add),technologyitselfhashelpedtocausetheshiftsinthejobmarket.Forexample,(few)Americanworkersareneededtomakesteeltodaythaninthepast,becausenew

48(machine)havemademanyoftheirtasks(necessary).Finally,thehighrateof50(employment)causedbythesefactorshastendedtodrivewagesdownfurther.41.答案：born解析原“Duringthelargenumbersofwomenandyoungadults41(bear)duringthebabyboomenteredintothework此处为动词的过去分词形式born。42.答案：resulted解析：原文“That(result)intoomanyworkersforthejobsavailableandwages.可知事情发生在过去需要用过去时态并且resultin意为导致，结果是，可知用resulted。43.答案：growth解析：原文“Thedeclinealsohassomethingtodowiththeexplosive(grow)inworldtrade1960.”可知此处需填名词，用grow的名词形式growth，意为爆炸式增长。44.答案：manufacturing解析：原文“As44(manufacture)technologieshavebecomemoremobile，”此处需用形容词来修饰technologies，因此用manufacturing。45.答案：moved解析：原文“productionjobshave(mov