大学英语第四册第一单元

UnitOneTheIcyDefenderObjectiveGraspthemainideaandstructureofthetext;DoacomparisonandcontrastbetweenNapoleon'sinvasionofRussiaandHitler’sinvasionoftheSU;Masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;Pre-readingTasksQuestions:

1.Whereandwhendidthestormoccur?2.Whydidthecrewfeartheworstwouldhappentothem?3.Whatwasonboardoftheship?4.Howmanysailorsareonboard?GrossTonnage:13,632 Crew:29(age21-63)Launchingtime:June7,1958

EdmundFitzgeraldTheWreckoftheEdmundFitzgeraldBrainstorm:Metrologicaland

GeologicalDisastersfloods: mountaintorrents tidalwaves tsunamistorms: blizzard snowstorm thunderstorm hailstone/hailsandstormflood:

山洪

潮汐

海啸storms:

大风雪

暴风雪

雷雨

冰雹

沙尘暴Brainstorm:Metrologicaland

GeologicalDisasterswind: hurricane cyclone typhoon whirlwind tornado monsoonweather: coldsnap drought Indiansummerwind:

飓风

气旋

台风

旋风

龙卷风

季风weather:

寒潮

干旱

秋老虎Brainstorm:Metrologicaland

GeologicalDisastersgeology: earthquake mudslide landslide barrierlakeclimate ElNinoPhenomenon LaNinaPhenomenon

geology:

地震

泥石流

山体滑坡

堰塞湖climate:

厄尔尼诺现象

拉尼娜现象

Discussion:Thewholeclasswillbedividedinto2groupstodiscussthetopic:ManorNature,whichismorepowerful?Onegrouplistsinstanceswhenmanconquersnature;theothergroupcomesupwithcaseswheretheforcesofnaturearetoopowerfultoberesisted.Reporttotheclass.SpeechPreparation:Whoismorepowerful,natureorman?AMovingStoryinaNaturalDisaster.IntroducesomeinterestingEnglishproverbsonweatherandclimate.BackgroundInformation:NapoleonBonaparte:1.Whichtwocountriesdidhefailtoconquer?2.Whichweretwomajordefeatofhisarmy?3.Whenandwheredidhedie?theBattleofTrafalgarBackgroundInformation:AdolfHitler:

1.WhatdidhedotheGermany?2.Howlargewashisterritory?3.Whatracesofpeopleareslaughtered?JosephStalin:BackgroundInformation:theBattleofWaterloo:

(finalanddecisive,endFrenchdomination,June18,1815,nearWaterloo,nowBelgium,aturningpointinmodernhistory)WorldWarII:SiegeofLeningrad:Stalingrad:TextOrganization:PartOne(§1-2)Introduction–BothNapoleon’sandHitler’smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.PartTwo(§3-11)Napoleon’smilitarycampaignagainstRussia.PartThree(§12-20)Hitler’smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion.PartFour(§21)Conclusion–Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.AComparison-and-ContrastAnalysisDiscussandcomparethe2invasions.1.invadingcountry 2.countryinvaded3.starterofwar 4.startingtimeofinvasion5.strengthofinvadingforce 6.prediction7.initialresistancestrategy 8.captureofthecapital9.truceoffer 10.majorbattles11.biggestenemyfortheinvadingforce12.turningpoint 13.fateoftheinvadingforce13.war-starter’sfateLanguagePoints:1.devastate:todamagesth.sobadlythatverylittleislefte.g.Thebigfiredevastatedthegreatcity.Townsandvillagesweredevastatedbythelongwar.ADJ.devastating:e.g.Wejustheardthedevastatingnewsaboutherson’sdeath.2.raw:coldandwet;notcooked,refined,processed,organizedoranalyzed

e.g.TheeventtookplaceonarawFebruarymorning.Thiscuttingboardisonlyusedtocutrawmeat.3.launch:start;send(sth.)onitscourse

e.g.Thiscomputercompanylaunchesanewproductthisyear.launchaliner/satellite/rocketlaunchawar/campaign/investigationlaunchabusiness/company/enterprise

4.mowdown:1)cutgrassorcropswithamachine;2)tokillpeopleorknockthemdown,esp.inlargenumberse.g.Youcan’tmowthegrassdownitit’swet.Tetotheaidof/cometosb.’said:cometohelpsb.e.g.Shewenttoaidofamantrappedinhiscar.Ananonymousmillionairehascometothecompany’saidbylendingitthemoneyitneedstokeepitinbusiness.6.retreat:V.tomoveamongorgivesth.up,esp.becauseyouareforcedtoe.g.Theenemyretreatedafterheavylosses.Thegovernmentseemstoberetreatingfromitspositiononlocaltaxation.

N.

e.g.Thegeneralorderedaretreat.7.bogdown:(causeto)becomeunabletoadvancee.g.Wewereboggeddownwithalotofwork.Inrecentmonths,theeconomyhasbaggeddown.8.engage:1)beginfightingwithsb.;2)drawinto;involve;3)attractone’sinterest;4)occupye.g.Theyengagedtheenemy.Wetriedtoengagehiminourconversation,butinvain.Workengagesmuchofhertime.engage(sb.)insth.:(causeto)takepartinsth.e.g.Theyarecurrentlyengagedinlengthytradenegotiations.9.takeagamble:takeariske.g.Thecompanytookagamblebycuttingthepriceoftheirproducts,anditpaidoff.Ithinkshe’stakingagambleinvestingallhermoneyinstocks.10.presson/ahead:continuedoingsth.inadeterminedwaye.g.Ourschoolauthoritiesarekeentopressonwitheducationalreform.Organizersofthestrikearedeterminedtopresson.11.bideone’stime:waitpatientlyforagoodopportunitytodosth.e.g.Shewasbidinghertimeuntilshecouldgetherrevenge.12.quarter:toprovidelodgingforpeople,esp.soldiers(inpassive)e.g.Thetroopswerequarteredintheschool.Thevisitingdiplomatwasquarteredattheembassy.

N.

e.g.Wemustfindquartersbeforenightfall.13.drag(on):movewithpainfulslownessordifficultye.g.Thebattledraggedandtherainyseasonsetin.Themeetingdraggedon.14.astrokeof:apieceoractofsth.e.g.Byastrokeofluck,someoneelsewaswalkingalongthepathandheardmyshouts.Withoutdoubt,itwasastokeofgeniustotrytheexperimentinavacuum.15.atthecostof:withthecostofe.g.Thelocalgovernmentdevelopeditseconomybutatthecostofenvironment.BillsavedJohnatthecostofhisownlife.16.capture:e.g.TheDemocraticPartycaptured70%ofthevote.Itwouldbeimpossibletocaptureherbeautyinapainting.17.exile:e.g.Helivedinexileformanyyears.Manyexilesclusteredinthenorthofthecity.TheyexiledNapoleontotheislandofSt.Helena.18.catchsb.offguard:

takesb.bysurprisee.g.Theinvitationtohisweddingcaughtmeoffguard.Themanagerdidn’tknowwhattosay.Itwasclearthatmyquestionhadcaughthimoffguard.19.render:cause(sb/sth)tobeinaspecifiedcondition(sameasmake)e.g.Thedrugwillrenderthetigerharmlessforuptotwohours.Hewasrenderedunconsciousbyablowonthebackoftheneck.20.bring…toahalt:e.g.AirtrafficinPolandhadbeenbroughttoahaltbyanairtrafficcontrollers’strike.Ourjourneywasbroughttoahaltbyastorm.21.offensive:

1.n.aggressiveaction,attack;e.g.TheRedArmybroughtitswinteroffensivetoasuccessfulconclusion.

2.adj.oforaboutattack;causingoffense;unpleasant

e.g.Theoffensivetroopsgainedgroundquickly.22.turnthetideagainst:changewhatlookslikedefeatintovictorye.g.SovietvictoryinStalingradturnedthetideofthewarinEurope.Don’tactnow.Wemustwaittillthetideturns.23.thanksto:becauseofe.g.Thankstoherfinancialsupport,thetwochildrenintheremotevillagecouldgotoschool.Thankstotheirtirelessefforts,theperformancewasagreatsuccess.24.bereckonedwith:betakenintoaccounte.g.Alltheseproblemshadtobereckonedwithastheyarose.Sheisawomantobereckonedwith.25.takeits/atoll:e.g.Thefaminetookatollof3,000,000lives.Hishardworkhastakenitstollonhisstomach.Exercises:Translation1.对小公司而言，利率增加是很糟糕的。2.她的社交生活影响了她的学习。3.机枪撂倒了那些手无寸铁的人。4.他趁别人不注意，回到了自己的房间。5.我不知道是否可以信赖她，但我愿意冒一下险。