新人教版初二下册英语知识点归纳-Unit-1-Whats-the-matter

新教二册知点纳:Unit-1-Whats-the-matter一．询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：1.What’sthematter）?2.’sthetrouble/problem（withsb）?3.What’swrong（withsb）?你怎么了？4.What’sonetrouble/problem？5.What’sup?6.Whathappenedtosb?7.AreyouOK?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?二．表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名称havea感冒/fever/cough/temperature注：havea相当于getacold/catchacold/havegotaabadcold(患重感冒)；haveaheartproblem有心脏病Sb+have/hasasore+身体部位：asorethroat/backSb+have/has+a+身体部位ache(构成疾病名词haveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backacheSb+体部位/;Hehurt.或身体部位Myheadhurtsbadly.Thereissomethingwrongwithone+身体部位。Sb+have/hasapaininone’s+身体部位三．情态动词should/should’t的用法：意为’应该，应当’后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。通常表示提出意见或建议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责备或要求等语气;1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.You’teatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?4.medicine？----Yesshould’t.四引导的条件句主句是祈使句情态动词或用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。SectionAsoreadj.痛的可作定语或表语Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.backn.后面，背面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原处）comeback3.lie

躺，卧---lay.lain.lyingliedown

躺下

撒谎---lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.谎言假话tellalie/lieslay.---laid.laid.产卵下蛋放置rest息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks休息一下toone‘ssurprise使某人惊讶的是常作插入语，位于句首，其后用逗号与其他部分隔开。Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.Toone+表示感情色彩的名词，意为/令某人.....的是;toonejoy令/使某人高兴的是，to’s/使某人失望的是to’ssatisfaction令insurprise吃surprising(物)Whatsurprisingnews!Surprised(人)surprisedsurprisedsurprisedthat…6.muchtoo+形容词，太......，toomany+可数名词复数，太多……toomuch+不可数名词副词修饰动toomuch7.容、副词,足够的/地，(1)enough名词;enoughwater(2)形副+good(3)enough后常接for+名词/代词)todosth.意为足够/能做某事18.soundlike+名词代词和从句：听起来像soundslikeyoudonknowthetruth..Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Sound(look/feel/taste/smell容词听起来...Thesoundsnice.9.need(1).需要动词人作主语need+sth某物；(sb)todosth.需要做某事，(2).物作主语；sthto;The/tobecleaned.(3)情态动,多用于否定句或疑问句NeedIstayhere?---Yes,youmust./No,youneed’t.agree同意，赞同---disagree(反义词agreewith同意某人(意见或观点)agreetodosth..同意做某事rightaway=rightnow=atonce意为马上。可)建,意见apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.adviceonsth./takeadviceadvise动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisedoingsth.建议做某事hurt物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.不及物动词，……（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.14.hit（过去式具）打；击打boyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背on用在所打较硬的部位；heface/eye/某人的脸、眼睛、肚子、嘴巴，in用在所打较软的部位。当名词用时；gethitonthehead头部受到撞击15.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事（强调看见某个动作正在进行）Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.Seesbdosth看见某人做某事（强调看见动作发生的全过程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.类似于see这种用法的动词，常见的有watch,hear,notice。16.shoutto向某人喊话shoutatsb某人叫喊（贬义）shoutforhelp大声呼救expectsbtodosth期待某人去做某事。think（+doing虑think想起，认为think仔细考虑thinkup想出fall摔倒，跌倒（相当…从……跌落下来）fallbehind后，跟不上fallinto入…fallasleep睡falllovewith爱上…fallover跌倒反身代词myself.//yourselves/themselves作同位语；youmakethecakeyourself?做表语I’mmyselftoday.enjoyoneself玩得高兴）oneselfto…（随便吃..）byoneself（独自、单独伤着、割伤自己oneself=learnsthbyoneself（自学）trouble(不可)；苦恼，问题beintrouble处于困境getintotrouble陷入困境maketrouble造麻烦have(no)trouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做....有麻烦,做某事(没)有困难put……onsth某物上放……putsomemedicineonthecut口)在伤口上敷些药putabandageonit在它上面放绷带in同样的方式on在去……的路上theway挡路outoftheway再碍事bytheway便说一下inthisway这种方法inaway在某种程度上24.getanX-ray拍X光片take’stemperature量体温hotteawithhoney蜂蜜的热茶seeadentist牙医gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothes看医生allweekend整个周末onthesideoftheroad在马路边withoutthinkingtwice没多想getsunburned被晒伤haveaheart有心脏病feelveryhot到很热haveanosebleed鼻血putherheadback她的头向后仰savealife救生命cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖dotherightthing正确的事gomountainclimbing爬山25.with(1)具有，带有事物具有的性质、特征）其反义词without没有（后接名词、代词、动-ing形式，thinkingtwice没多想。和......在一起talkwithafriend(3)使用withaknifeTakeone量体温takeamessage捎口信takeashower洗淋浴takeawalk散步takeoneorder点菜takethesubway乘地铁taketrip行takeplace替；替换takebreaks(takebreak)休息takerisks冒险lie(lay,lain,lying)(1)躺liedown躺下(2)存在(in/on/to)位于....(3)谎lietosb.对某人撒谎(4)言、假话tellalie/telllies说谎fortoolong太长时间介词for后接一段时间beawayfrom远离；离开（后接地点，意为远离某地）getoff下车（下汽车、火车、飞机等上车（登上汽车、火车等较大的交通工具,反义词getoff；into进车车、电梯等）后接较小的交通工具；getoutof从......下来（汽车、出租车、电梯、直升飞机等：getintothanksto亏,由于,因为（=becauseof=withthehelp无当面感谢的意思，后接名词或代词；thanksfor因...而感谢后接感谢的原因，后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式happenvi.发生不能用于被动语态，且不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(1)表示某地某时发生了某事：点/时间（2表示某人出了某事：tosb.(3)happen作“碰巧”时sb.happenedtodosth.(某人碰巧做某事)Ithappened+that从句（碰巧怎么样）expect预料、期待expectsb.todosth.预料/期待某人做某事34.intime及强调正好赶上事先约定的时间有迟到后可接短语，意为正赶上某事准时按计划做某事，强调不迟到，不早不晚SectionBsickadj.①生病的的语和定语只能作表语be/feelsick②恶心的Ialittle③厌倦的beofIsickofrunning.beusedsth.习惯于…适应做某事…(be==Heisusedtogettingupearly.beusedtodosth=beusedforsth用于做某事Woodisusedtomakehouses.usedtodosth过去常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybus.usesth.todosth.用某物做某事=usesth.fordoingsth.takearisk=takerisks冒险theriskofsth……的风险atrisk在危险中risktodosth.冒险去做某事inaverydangeroussituation在一种非常危险的情况下sth.run某物用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.6．blood血，不可数。adrop一滴血-----bloody有血的，出血的getoutof离开，从…出来7.mean---meant动词①意思是为示一个人的言论或行为一标志或词语的意思所指，后接名词、动词-ing式或宾语从句。mean意味着，后接名词或动词-形式作宾语doingsth意味着做某事dosth打算做某事Imeantogotomorrow.

打meantomeaning名词，含义；意思。mean形容词：小气的，吝啬的※Whatdoyoumeanbytheword?=Whatdoesthewordmean?=Whatisthemeaningoftheword?8.theimportanceof(doing)sth做某事的重要性Doyouunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard?important---unimportant(不)重要的9.free容词：空闲的free免费的Thedrinkisfor；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：couldnotfreehisarm.makedecisionsth.=decidedoupdosth=determinetodosth下决心做某事bein…掌管，管理Theinthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理undercontrol在控制之下12.death名词（不---die动词----dead形容词---dying形容词：垂死的，临终的Heisafraidofdeath.Shediedtwoyearsago.Thedogisdead.Itisadyingbird.give(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames/Nevergiveupeasily.sothat便，为的是（当主句与从句主语一致是=into=soto）Heworkedhardsothathecouldsucceed.……inorderto/soasto…….So