基于GIS的深基坑施工监测信息系统

基于GIS的深基坑施工监测信息系统摘要目前,深基坑施工监测数据的文件管理模式已无法满足大量的监测数据存储和快速实时分析的需求。地理信息系统(GIS)技术已应用于深基坑施工监测信息的管理。大型基坑施工监测的信息管理系统的功能建设基于GIS设计遵循以下条件：监测数据输入、图形、基坑施工监控信息查询、图表自动生成的曲线和模拟变形、信息分析、监测、预测等等。同时,基于三个主要组件:背景管理图形界面、工作工程和基本架构的系统。该论文制定了一批关键技术的系统并给出了应用实例。关键字地理信息系统(GIS)深基坑施工变形监测信息管理系统介绍最近几年的地理信息系统(简称GIS)应用于岩土工程。特别是在深大基坑建设越来越引起人们的重视。GIS是一个计算机系统,呼叫处理地理空间数据的输入、输出、管理、查询、分析和决策支持。它有几个特点的信息系统,与其他信息系统(如办公自动化系统等)。主要的区别是GIS研究和服务的对象有一定的地理空间位置开挖监测点是铺设在基坑施工环境,以反映变化。不同的地理空间位置的监测站点反映了不同地区的安全状态的开挖。基于GIS、管理监控分使用强大的地理空间数据分析和图形显示功能,结合现有技术的岩土工程(特别是深大基坑工程技术),开发信息管理系统的建设监测到大型基坑建设基于GIS是必要的.监控信息可以用于基坑施工管理、可视化分析和预测和利用率。发展监测信息系统的重要组成部分,是信息化建设的过程中,有一定的实用价值在基坑施工、设计和研究。建筑系统的设计基于GIS的设计大型基坑施工监测的信息管理系统的包括以下功能:基坑工程信息的收集、存储、管理和检索功能。按照一定的规范,标准输入系统,相关的数据和信息的挖掘工程可以输入到系统和新项目信息可以实时更新基于GIS和关系型数据库系统。工程数据主要包括:开挖基础地理信息(照片显示的总计划,称为基于配置文件),工程地质勘探信息、施工监测数据等信息可以进行了全面和系统的数据库并显示汇总建立成使用GIS技术。挖掘工程可以实现数字化和信息共享基础建设可以提供有效的数字信息和科学依据决策。(2)工程可视化该系统以点线作为基本形式分散局部开挖勘探数据、设计、施工监测和解释结果等在三维空间相结合,三维信息模型重构向量坑坑地区建设的形式显示在二维菲亚特面板和浏览在三维空间结构和积极挖掘复杂的关系表达式,完整的复制即三维地理空间可以多角度自由显示从周围的环境中,维护结构、崩落面孔岩土工程地质的内部应力渗透率的分布和各种属性信息在工程地质、开挖纵向片任意截面、开挖、虚拟钻井等等可以虚拟可视化太。查询和统计功能系统可以实现系统参与各种类型的数据查询和统计相关性包括:根据地理形态单位,工程地质,水文地质区划分、地质参数、环境地质因素,地质灾害的类型,和用户定义的查询等图形/属性数据之间的关系图形/数据交叉检索统计属性数据和专题制图系统有能力的多参数统计和分析地质数据,可以用多种方式来表达分析结果如直方图,分布曲线图,相关曲线。工程监测和变形仿真功能在本部分中,名称,类型,安装监控分时间和其他静态信息可查,和各种动态变形值,如位移和变形速度还可以访问各种形式的报告和图表,可以自动生成基于工程需求,如沉降观测结果在表、结算时间曲线、速度时间曲线和变形过程进行三维动态模拟,一个特殊的弹出窗口变形过程和模拟的发展趋势。监测和预测能力和信息反馈基于GIS的数据库系统,综合考虑与土压力、水压力、工程地质学、负载、建筑结构和其他因素,根据功能关系的受力和变形,本构模型分析,研究岩土工程监测结果和各种影响因素,做出准确和及时的科学预测安全状态的基坑施工.通过分析监测数据,修改设计与岩石物理力学参数、压力、渗透压力、岩石压力和其他基本负荷;通过监测围岩和支护结构的位移、应力应变、修改设计为使用与基础变形控制、安全、监测方法和监测标准指标;在此基础上,调整围护结构参数及施工程序,从而实现信息技术应用于基坑设计和施工。设计系统的基本结构根据功能需求,系统设计是基于三层:数据支持层,基本和先进的应用程序层,结构和逻辑关系,每一层都是图1所示。系统开发的关键技术地理信息系统(GIS)技术基坑工程信息包括工程地质、水电地质、环境地质信息,还包括工程设计、施工、监测数据的大量信息的复杂类型,是多源异构几乎所有人与时间的地理空间烧录流逝不断更改这些特性的基坑工程提出了更高的要求,信息的组织和管理的计算机.地理信息系统进行收集、存储、管理、检索、分析和描述空间对象的空间分布和相关属性数据作为其基本任务应用地理信息系统技术在基坑工程管理调用符合要求的基坑工程的组织和管理信息。可视化技术基于挖掘地理信息平台,运用计算机图形技术、视觉理论技术等等来显示所有类型的信息,包括集体基坑工程,地质结构构象配置,钻井信息,韦德部分等等。虚拟现实是所有高级形式的可视化技术可以使用计算机技术来生成一个现实世界与视觉、听觉、和其他感官用户调用直接审查和控制天生的虚拟实体。基础工程信息建模技术基于工程数据,挖掘工程信息模型可以建立了信息模型是三维可视化的基础模型,分析工程地质信息三维模型,模型包括基坑、工程地质、地质钻探,因此在这些模型包括地理空间位置的特征、几何形状、功能结构、物理和力学特性。挖掘工程师分析岩土工程数值基于工程信息分析,继续本构模型分析变形分析和开挖工程岩土开挖安全分析。由于岩土工程的不成熟和不精确的岩石力学本构参数。平台应该包含多种更成熟和先进的数值分析方法和本构模型库为岩土工程,很容易扩展,挖掘和分析监测结果预测分析方法库反开挖监测结果数据库,坑变形和安全分析方法库。基坑施工决策支持技术建立评价方法库开挖的基础施工方法库,因此在结合各种类型的数据采取安全诊断的挖掘,制定实施基坑施工程序,程序分析和评价。3、实验系统的开发和应用在WindowsXP系统在Visualc++6.0开发语言。OpenGL的图形开发工具使用SQLServer数据库支持,应用标准为标准的软件工程工具上升为建模,开发我们自己的知识产权争斗基坑施工安全监测信息管理系统。目前,系统开发已经取得初步结果和系统应用在围护结构的施工监控如上游南京通过长江盾构隧道穿越原始井、接收井、深基坑等变得更好的结果如图2.和图3.是监测积分系统基于数据库生成了图的浦信封监测部分和监测项目.系统基于信息所产生的监测站测量LK3+560东校区外的地下连续墙钢筋应力和钢筋应力概要地图。结论和展望信息管理系统的建设安全监测到大型基坑建设基于GIS技术,利用3dGIS有高效的管理调查、设计、施工、监测、数据集中的坑在这个过程中,结合岩土工程理论的信息技术和数字方面采取视觉分析,以便在基坑施工和安全管理提供信息共享和智能分析平台.该系统有一个友好和漂亮的界面不是只有提高数据处理的精度和预测时效性,但也同时减少数据处理时间实际上它提高工作效率和信息技术水平的开挖施工。DeepFoundationPitConstructionMonitoringInformationSystemBasedonGISAbstract．Atpresent,thefilemanagementmodelofthedeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringdatahasbeenunabletomeetalargenumberofmonitoringdatastorageandfastreal-timeanalysisrequirements．GeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)technologyhasbeenappliedinthemanagementofdeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringinformation．ThefunctionsofinformationmanagementsystemofconstructionmonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGISwasdesignedasfollowed：monitoringdataentry，graphics，pitconstructionmonitoringInformationquery,chartsautomaticallygeneratedcurvesanddeformationsimulation，Informationanalysis，monitoring，forecastingandsoon．Atthesametime，basedonthethreemajorcomponents，backgroundmanagement．graphicalinterfaceandmeworkofengineering，thebasicarchitectureofthesystemisdesigned．Thispaperhassetoutanumberofkeytechnologiesofthesystemandgivesapplicationexamples．Keywords．GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)，deepandlargefoundationpitconstruction,constructionmonitoring，informationmanagementsystemsIntroductionRecentyears．GeographicInformationSystems(referredtoasGIS)applicationingeotechnicalengineering。especiallyindeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionincreasinglyattractedpeople’sattention．GISisacomputersystemwhichcalldealwithgeospatialdatainput，Output，management，inquiring，analysisanddecisionsupport．Ithasseveralofcharacteristicsofinformationsystems,withotherinformationsystems(Suchasofficeautomationsystemetc．1．ThemaindifferenceisthattheobjectswhichGISresearchandservinghaveacertaingeo—spatiallocation．Excavationmonitoringpointsarelaidinthefoundationpitconstructionenvironmenttoreflectchanges．Differentgeographicalspatiallocationofthemonitoringsitesreflectsdifferentpartsofthesecuritystatusofexcavation．BasedonGIS，managementofmonitoringpointsusingthepowerfulgeospatialdataanalysisandgraphicaldisplaycapabilities，combinationofexistingtechnologiesofGeotechnicalEngineering(haparticular,deepandlargefoundationpitEngineeringTechnology)，developinginformationmanagementsystemofconstructionmonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGISisnecessary．Monitoringinformationcanbeusedforfoundationpitconstructionmanagement，Visualization。analysisandforecastingandutilization．Developingmonitoringinformationsystemisanimportantpartofinformationconstructionprocess，andhaspracticalvalueinthefoundationpitconstruction,designandresearch【l，2】．1．TheDesignofSystemicArchitectureInformationmanagementsystemoflargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringbasedonGISisdesignedincludingthefollowingfeatures：(1)Informationcollection，storage，managementandretrievalcapabilitiesofexcavationengineering．Accordingtocertainnorms，standardinputsystem，therelevantdataandinformationofexcavationengineeringCanbeinputintothesystemandthenewprojectinformationCanbeupdatedinreal．timebasedonGISandrelationaldatabasesystem．Engineeringdatamainlyincludes：excavationbasicgeographicinformation(Thephotoshowsthetotalplanandprofile—based)，engineeringgeologicalexplorationinformation,constructionmonitoringdataetc．Theseinformationcanbeconductedacomprehensive,andsystematicsummary．builtintoDatabaseanddisplayedusingGIStechnology．ExcavationworksCanachievedigitizationandinformation．sharing．FoundationconstructionCanbeprovidedeffectivedigitalinformationandscientificbasisfordecisionmaking【3，4，5】．(2)EngineeringvisualizationThesystemtakespoints．linesasbasicformfragmented．Partialexcavationexplorationdata，design，construction。monitoringandinterpretingresultsetc．combinedinthree．dimensionalspaceandthree．dimensionalpitinformationmodelisreconstructed．Vectorformoftheconstructionpitregionsisdisplayedintwo．dimensionalfiatpanelandbrowsedinthree—dimensionalactively．Excavationcomplexspatialstructureandtherelationshipexpressionarereproduced．Namely，thefullthree．dimensionalgeographicalspaceCanbemulti-anglefreedisplayedfromsurroundingenvironment，maintainingstructure，cavingfacestogeotechnicalengineeringgeology．Thedistributionofinternalstress。permeabilityandvariousattributeinformationintheengineeringgeology，excavationlongitudinalsliceofarbitrarycrosssection，excavation,virtualdrillingandSOoncanbevirtualvisualizedtoo【6，7，8】．QueryandstatisticsfeatureSystemCanrealizethesysteminvolvedinvarioustypesofdataqueriesandstatisticalcorrelationincluded：accordingtogeo-morphologicalunits，engineeringgeologydivision，hydro—geologicaldistrict，geologicalparameters，environmentalgeologicalfactors，thetypeofgeologicaldisasters，anduser-definedquery，etc．betweengraphics／attributesdataaswellasbetweengraphics／datacross．retrieval．statisticsofAttributedataandthematicmapping．Systemhastheabilityofmulti-parameterstatisticsandanalysisofgeologicaldataandCanuseavarietyofWaystoexpresstheanalysisresultssuchashistogram，distributioncurvediagram，correlationcurve．(4)EngineeringmonitoringanddeformationsimulationfunctionsInthispart，thenameofmonitoringpoints，type，installationtimeandotherstaticinformationcanbechecked，andavarietyofdynamicdeformationofvalues，Suchasdisplacementanddeformationspeedcanalsobeaccessed．Variousformsofreportsandgraphscanbeautomaticallygeneratedbasedontheengineeringneeds，suchasthesettlementobservationresultsintable，settlement．timecurve，andvelocity．timecurve．Andthedeformationprocesscanbecarriedoutonthethree．dimensionaldynamicsimulation，aspecialpop．upwindowfordeformationprocessandthedevelopmenttrendofsimulation．(5)MonitoringandforecastingcapabilitiesandinformationfeedbackGIS-baseddatabasesystem,comprehensiveconsiderationwithsoilpressure,waterpressure，engineeringgeology,load，buildingstructureandotherfactors，accordingtofunctionalrelationshipofforceanddeformation,constitutivemodelanalysisforgeotechnicalengineering,researchmonitoringresultsandvariousinfluencingfactors，makeanaccurateandtimelyscientificforecastaboutsecuritystatusofthefoundationpitconstruction．Throughtheanalysisofmonitoringdata，reviseddesignwithrockphysicalandmechanicalparameters，Stress，seepagepressure，rockpressureandotherbasicload；Throughmonitoringthesurroundingrockandthesupportingstructureofthedisplacement，stress。strain，toamendthedesignforusingwiththebasedeformationcontrol，security，monitoringmethodsandmonitoringcriteriaindicators；Basedonthis，adjusttheretainingstructureparametersandconstructionprogramsoastorealizeinformationtechnologyappliedtoexcavationdesignandconstruction．1.2．Thedesignofthesystem‘sbasicstructureAccordingtofunctionalrequirements，thesystemisdesignedbasedonthreelayers：datasupportlayer，basicandadvancedapplicationlayer，thestructureandlogicalrelationshipofeachlayerisshowninFigure1．2．KeyTechnologiesoftheSystemDevelopment(1)GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)technologyExcavationengineeringinformationincludesengineeringgeology，hydro-geology，environmentalgeologyinformation，alsoincludesengineeringdesign，construction，monitoringdata．Thelargeamountofinformationhascomplextypesandismulti-sourceheterogeneous．Nearlyallofthemhavegeo—spatialdata．andwithtime’sgoesbyconstantlychange．Thesefeaturesofexcavationengineeringinformationputforwardhigherrequirementstotheorganizationandmanagementofmecomputer．Geographicinformationsystemstakecollecting，storing，managing，retrieving，analyzinganddescribingthespatialdistributionofthespaceobjectsandassociatedattributedataasitsbasictask．Applyinggeographicinformationsystemstechnologyinexcavationengineeringmanagementcallmeettherequirementsoforganizingandmanagingexcavationengineeringinformation．(2)VisualizationtechnologyBasedontheexcavationgeographicalinformationplatform，applyingcomputergraphicstechnology，visualtheorytechnologyandsoontoshowalltypesofinformationoftheexcavationengineeringwhichincludethecollectivityconformation．configuration，thegeologicstructure，drillinginformation，wadesectionsandSOon．Virtualrealityisalladvancedformofvisualizationtechnology．Itcanusecomputertechnologytogeneratearealisticworldwithvisual，auditory，andothersensory．UsersCalldirectlyreviewandcontroltheinbornvirtualentities．(3)FoundationengineeringinformationmodelingtechnologyBasedonengineeringdata,theexcavationengineeringinformationmodelcanbefounded．Theinformationmodelisthebasisfor3DVisualizationmodelofengineeringgeologyandanalysis．Theinformationmodelincludesthree-dimensionalmodelofFoundationpit，engineeringgeology，geologicaldrillingandSOon．ThesemodelsincludethecharacteristicsofGeo—spatiallocation,Geometricshape，functionalstructure，physicalandmechanicalcharacteristics．GeotechnicalnumericalanalysisinexcavationengineerBasedonengineeringinformationanalysis，continueconstitutivemodelanalysisforgeotechnicalengineering．excavationdistortionanalysisandexcavationsafetyanalysis．Duetotheimmaturityofgeotechnicalengineeringandinaccuracyofrockmechanicsconstitutiveparameters．thereisnounifiedmethodsforgeotechnicalengineeringdatacalculationandanalysis．Aplatformfornumericalanalysisofgeotechnicalengineeringshouldbedevelopedandestablished．Theplatformshouldcontainavarietyofmorematureandadvancednumericalanalysismethods．andconstitutivemodellibraryforgeotechnicalengineeringwhichiseasytoexpanded,excavationandanalysisofmonitoringresultspredictionmethodlibrary．anti．excavationanalysisofmonitoringresultsdatabase，pitdeformationandsafetyanalysismethodslibrary．(5)FoundationpitconstructiondecisionsupporttechniquesEstablishevaluationmethodlibrary．excavationoffoundationconstructionmethodlibraryandsoon．Combiningwithvarioustypesofdata．takesafetydiagnosisabouttheexcavation，drawuptheimplementationoffoundationpitconstructionprograms，andprogramanalysisandevaluation．3.ExperimentalSystemDevelopmentandApplicationIntheWindowsXPsystemwithVisualC++6．0forthedevelopmentlanguage．OpenGLforthegraphicsdevelopmenttools。usingSQLServerasthedatabasesupport，applicationofstandardRoseforstandardsoftwareengineeringtoolsformodeling，developedourownintellectualpropertyfightsfoundationpitconstructionsafetymonitoringinformationmanagementsystem．Atpresent，thesystemdevelopmenthasachievedinitialresults．Andthesystemappliedinretainingstructure’SconstructionmonitoringsuchastheupperreachesNanjingpassageofcrossingYangtzeRivershieldtunneloriginalwells，receivewells，deepfoundationexcavation，etc．andhasgottenbetterresults．Figure2．andFigure3．aremonitoringpointssystembasedondatabase．generatedPukoulaidenvelopediagramofmonitoringsectionsandmonitoringoftheproject．SystembasedontheinformationgeneratedbymonitoringstationsmeasuredLK3+560theeastsectionofundergroundcontinuouswalloutsidethereinforcementstressmapandreinforcementstressprofiles．ConclusionandOutlookInformationmanagementsystemofconstructionsafemonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGIS，usingthe3DGIStohaveefficientmanagementtoinvestigation，design，construction，monitoring，datacentralizedofthepitintheprocess，combinationthetheoryofgeotechnicalengineeringinformationtechnologyanddigitalaspectstotakevisualanalysis．inordertothefoundationpitconstructionandsafetymanagementtoprovideinformationsharingandintelligenceanalysisplatform．Thesystemhasafriendlyandbeautifulinterface。notonlytoimprovetheaccuracyofdataprocessingandforecastingtimeliness，butalsoatthesametimereducingdataprocessingtime．Actually．itimprovedefficiencyofworkandthelevelofinformationtechnologyofexcavationconstruction．References【l】Hammock,K．Jon，Usingageographicinform