某工业大学给排水全套毕业设计

设计总说明广州南沙中华总商会大厦位于广州南沙经济开发区，坐落于南沙东部海滨浦洲脚下。该项目产生的污水主要为：公寓入住人员生活污水、餐厅厨房产生的油污水和办公区产生的生活污水。据统计，本课题处理的污水与一般的生活污水相比，该污水的富含油脂，直接排放将造成水体富营养化，污染江河，对环境造成严重的影响。考虑到该污水排放的间歇性和不稳定性以及广州南沙中华总商会大厦的经济效益，如何选用合适的生物处理工艺，使其投资少，占地少，又能适应其水量变化大的特点，而使出水达标将是本课题选择何种生物处理工艺的关键。SBR法是污水生物处理方法的最初模式。由于进、出水切换复杂，变出水、供气系统易堵塞及设备等方面的原因，限制了其应用和发展。当今，随着计算机和自动控制技术及相关设备的发展和使用，SBR法在城市污水和各种工业废水处理中越来越得到广泛的应用。SBR工艺具有工艺简单，占地面积小，投资省，抗冲击负荷强等优点，并且非常适于本设计的污水水质，水量波动大的特点。根据SBR的优点及针对广州南沙中华总商会大厦的排出污水的特点，借鉴以往SBR废水处理工艺工程实例，本设计拟定采用SBR工艺最合适。经治理后的废水可以达到《广东省污水排放标准》新扩改一级标准（DB4426-01）及《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级标准。设计依据1.《中华人民共和国环境保护法》2.《水污染排放限制》（DB44/26-2001）新扩改一级标准3.《污水综合排放标准》（GB8979-1996）一级标准设计原则择适应性强、占地面积小的工艺流程，以达到投资节省，尤其是能最大限度地降低运行费用的目的。选择治理效果好而且稳定可靠的工艺流程，为达标排放提供有利条件。采用的机械设备尽可能少，使运行管理十分简便。能承受水量水质变化的冲击负荷，操作运行灵活。“三高三低”原则：科技含量高，设备国产化程度高，处理后水质质量高，造价低，运行费用低，占地面积低。结合“现实条件”，处理工艺应结合中国国情和建设单位实际情况，符合设备成套化和系统化的市政环保政策。根据污水水质、受纳水体要求、地质条件、经济状况和排放标准等条件选择工艺。设计条件日处理水量293m3/d，污水处理厂的工艺设计处理水质表1污水水质与处理要求名称食堂污水生活污水综合污水排放标准BOD5250mg/L110mg/LL180mg/LL≤20mg/LCODcr500mg/LL250mg/LL375mg/LL≤100mg/LLSS220mg/LL100mg/LL160mg/LL≤70mg/LNH3-N100mg/LL50mg/L75mg/L≤15mg/L动植物油100mg/LL40mg/L70mg/L≤10mg/L工艺流程公寓生活污水、餐厅厨房油污水、办公区生活污水经收集后，首先由格栅去除废水中较大的悬浮物，固体颗粒物质，然后进入气浮池，经气浮处理去油后再流入调节池。在调节池内，污水经潜水泵提升至SBR池，经SBR池处理后的上清液经消毒池消毒后外排至市政管道，底部污泥斗中的剩余污泥经排泥泵排至化粪池。DesignthegrosstheelucidationThetotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanShalocatestheeconomydevelopmentareaofGuangzhouNanSha,andlocateatthebankofsouthsandeasternregionsea.Thedirtywaterthatproduceofthatitemismainfor:Apartmentintolivethedirtywaterofoilthatproduceofkitchenoflivingdirtywater,restaurantofpersonnelwiththelivinganddirtywaterthattransacttheareatoproduce.Accordingtothecovariance,comparestothegenerallylivingdirtywater,thedirtywaterthistaskhandlingcontainamplegrease,thedirectventwillresultinthewatersupernutrition,pollutetheriver,influencetheenvironmentseriously.Inconsiderationofthatdirtywaterlineupthebyfitsandstartsthatputwithnotstability,andtheeconomicperformanceofthetotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanSha.Howtochoosetousethebiologichandlecrafttomakeitsinvestmentlittle,Coverlittleandadapttoitscharacteristicsthatwatertomeasurechangelarger.Sochoicewhichbiologiccrafttohandlingthewaterletthewatertoreachthestandardwillbethekeyofthislesson.SBRmethodisoneofthefirstestmodeofhandlemethods,becauseofthecomplicacyoftoswitchenteringwaterandventingwater,andprovidegassystemeasilybestopedandsoon,limiteditsapplication’sdevelop.Today,alongwiththedevelopmentanduseofthetechniqueandrelatedequipmentsofthecalculatorandautomaticallycontrol,SBRisgetmoreandmoreextensiveapplicationinthemunicipalandindustrialdirtywater’sdispose.TheSBRcrafthavetheadvantageofcraftssimple,covertheareasmall,investtheprovince,anti-impactthestrongburthen.Andveryadapttodealwiththewaterthisdesignwhichthecharacteristicsofmotionandfluidlarge.AccordingtotheadvantageoftheSBRandaimatthecharacteristicsofejectingwateroftotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanSha,theSBRcraftquiteadopttothisdesign.Throughdisposal,thewatercanattain<《thestandardofthedirtywaterrowofGuangdongprovince》.Thebasisofdesign1.《thePeopleRepublicofChinaenvironmentalprotectionlaw》2.Thenewmodificationof《aclassstandardofwaterpollutiondischargelimit》(DB44/26-2001)3.《thestandardofsynthesizesdirtywaterventing》(GB8979-1996)aclassstandard.Theprincipleofdesign1.Theadaptabilityisstrong,thecoverareasmall,andattaintheinvestmentandsave.Canparticularlylimitlowerthemovementexpenses2.Tochoosetheeffectiveandstableanddependablecraftprocess,inordertoreachingthestandardprovidethebeneficialterm.3.Theadoption'smachineequipmentsispossiblylittle,andmakethemanagementisverysimple.4.Canbeartheimpactchangingofthewater,andoperateandmovementiseasy.5.“threehighthreelow"principle:Thetechnologycontainstomeasurehigh,thedomesticdegreeofequipmentsishigh,andhandletheempressthefluidmatterquantityhigh,buildthepricelow,movementtheexpensesislow,andcoverthearealow.6.Combinationtotherealisticterm,handlecraftshouldjointogethertheChinesestateofthenationwiththeactualcircumstanceofdevelopmentsunit.DesigntermThedayhandlesthewater:293m3/dFluidmatterofthehandlewater：Table1DirtywaterfluidmatterwiththehandlerequestNameDirtywaateroofdinningrroomLivingddirtywaterrTheSyntthesizzediirtywwaterThestanndardOfventiingBOD5250mg/L110mg/LL180mg/LL≤20mg/LCODcr500mg/LL250mg/LL375mg/LL≤100mg//LSS220mg/LL100mg/LL160mg/LL≤70mg/LNH3-N100mg/LL50mg/L75mg/L≤15mg/LThecreaaturallandbotannicoiiloil100mg/LL40mg/L70mg/L≤10mg/LCraftprocessDirtywaterofoiloflivingdirtywater,restaurantkitchenofapartment,transacttheareatolivethedirtywaterthroughthecollectionsempress.First，todiscardthebiggersolidofwaterbythegridiron，thenenterthespiritfloatpond，andflowintotheregulatepond。Andthen，thedirtywaterwaspumpedtotheSBRpond.Throughthedisinfectionpondsterilizeventtothemunicipalpipe.GeneralintroductionThisdesignofgraduateistoaimsatthepurificationofdomesticwastewaterofthezhonghuachamberofcommerceedificeinGUANGZHOU.Thedesignfluxofthewastewateris293m3/d,theaverageBOD5amountto180mg/L,theaverageCODcramountto375mg/L,theaverageSSamountto160mg/L,theaverageNH3-N