2021-2022学年浙江省丽水市龙泉第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2021-2022学年浙江省丽水市龙泉第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Therewas_____time________Ihatedtotalkwithhim.

A.a;that

B.a;when

C.the;that

D.the;when参考答案：B2.—Thenewworkerisoftenlateforwork.—Tellhimheanswerforitifhegoesonbehavinglikethat.A.shall B.may C.will D.must参考答案：A——那个新来的工人上班经常迟到。——告诉他如果他继续那样做的话,他要为此负责。情态动词shall用于第三人称的陈述句中,在此表示警告。3.参考答案：C略4.—Someonehastidiedthesittingroom!—Jim__itthismorning;hecouldn'tbearthemessanymore．A．hasdone

B．did

C．haddone

D．woulddo参考答案：B5.Consideringhishealth,Iadvisehimto______anhourortwoeachdaytoworkout.

A.setabout

B.setoff

C.setup

D.setaside参考答案：D略6.Getthepaper______tomakeitsmallerandputitinyourpocket.

A.fold

B.folded

C.folding

D.tofold参考答案：B7.Wecanseemanyexamplesinourlife

positivethinkingchangesapersoncompletelyA、which

B、that

C、where

D、when参考答案：C8.—Ofthetwobags,whichonedoyouprefer?—__________biggerone.It's_________mostbeautifulone,Ithink.A．The;a

B．The;theC．A;/

D．A;the参考答案：A试题分析：考查冠词。不定冠词a/an表示泛指“一个，某个”；定冠词the表示特指“那个，这个”。特指“那个大的”，用定冠词the，排除C、D；most有“非常”的意思，这时不表示最高级，a+most+形容词+名词/代词，表示“一个非常......的......”。“我想它是一个非常漂亮的包”，故选A。考点：考查冠词

9.---Manypeopleinbigcitiescannotenjoylifeeventhoughtheyhavehouses,carsandidealjobs．---Sub-healthmaypartially______it．

A．accountfor

B．callfor

C．answerfor

D．standfor参考答案：A略10.Daddecidedtobuildasmalltoolroomwithalock,______hewouldkeephisbesttoolssomybrothercouldn’treachthem.

A.why B.where C.who D.which参考答案：B11.Iamblessedwithahappyfamily:Therearefewoccasions_____familymembersareuncertainaboutourroles.A.where

B.when

C.that

D.what参考答案：B12.—Iwonderwhatmakesyouasuccessfulmanager.—I________asawaiterforfiveyears，whichcontributesalottomytoday’swork.A．serve

B．haveserved

C．hadserved

D．served参考答案：D略13.—Howcomethelakesmellssoterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwater______.A.havepolluted

B.aregoingtopollute

C.hadbeenpolluted

D.havebeenpolluted参考答案：D14.Kathy______alotofSpanishbyplayingwiththenativeboysandgirls.A．pickedup

B．tookup

C．madeup

D．turnedup参考答案：A

解析：此题考查了在具体语境中动词短语的辨析。我们先看四个选项的意思：pickup“拾起、捡起、接收、用车来接”，另外还有“获得”的意思，takeup“拿起”；makeup“弥补、虚构、化妆”等；turnup“开大、出现”等意思。在完成此类动词辨析的时候，一定要根据句子的意思正确的来判断，需要注意的是，短语往往是对我们所熟悉词的新意思的考查。此句的意思为：Kathy通过和外国的孩子玩，获得（学习）了一些西班牙语。15.Itremainsunknown________thepeacetalkbetweenthetwocountriesisgoingtolead.

A.where

B.when

C.how

D.why

参考答案：A略16.ProfessorSteinmanbecamethefirstone_______theNobelPrizeafterdeathinhistory．

A．awarded

B．beingawarded

C．tobeawarded

D．tohavebeenawarded参考答案：D略17.Onemoreweek,______we'llfinishallthetaskcompletely.A.but

B.and

C.so

D.or参考答案：B18.Ifyoucanmakewhattheteachersteach________,you’llmakerapidprogress.

A.yours

B.yourself

C.you

D.your参考答案：A二、翻译1.这个新建的学校在市中心，交通十分便捷。(locate)

2．写作需要新颖的想法以及丰富的想象力。(involve)

3．他去年出的一本书很畅销，使他一举成名。(sell)

4．达人秀流行的原因是它吸引了各个年龄层的人。(appeal)5．乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部多功能的手机。(therebe)

参考答案：1.Locatedindowntown/inthecitycenter,thenewly-built/establishedschoolisveryconvenientfortransport/transportation.2.Writinginvolvesoriginalideasandrichimagination.3.Thebookhewrotelastyearsoldwell,whichmadehiminstantlyfamous.

/whichmadehimfamousovernight.4.ThereasonwhyTalentShowispopularisthatitappealstopeopleofallages.5.Atfirstsight,thereisnothingspecialaboutthiswatch,butinfactitisamobilephonewithvariousfunctions/multi-functions.略三、阅读理解20.Likemanyotherpeoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguage,IoftenhavethesensethatI’maslightlydifferentpersonineachofmylanguages—moreconfidentinEnglish,morerelaxedinFrench,moreemotionalinCzech.Isitpossiblethat,alongwiththesedifferences,mymoralcompass(指南针)alsopointsinsomewhatdifferentdirectionsdependingonthelanguageI’musingatthetime?Psychologistswhostudymoraljudgmentshavebecomeveryinterestedinthisquestion.Thefindingsofseveralrecentstudiessuggestthatwhenpeoplearefacedwithmoraldilemmas(困境),theydoindeedresponddifferentlywhenconsideringtheminaforeignlanguagethanwhenusingtheirnativetongue.Ina2014paperledbyAlbertCostavolunteerswerepresentedwithamoraldilemmaknownasthe“trolleyproblem”:imaginethatarunawaytrolleyismovingquicklytowardagroupoffivepeoplestandingonthetracks,unabletomove.Youarenexttoaswitchthatcanmovethetrolleytoadifferentsetoftracks,thereforesparingthefivepeople,butresultinginthedeathofonewhoisstandingonthesidetracks.Doyoupulltheswitch?Mostpeopleagreethattheywould.Butwhatiftheonlywaytostopthetrolleyisbypushingalargestrangeroffafootbridgeintoitspath?Peopletendtobeveryhesitanttosaytheywoulddothis,eventhoughinbothsituations,onepersonissacrificedtosavefive.ButCostaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatpresentingthedilemmainalanguagethatvolunteershadlearnedasaforeigntonguedramaticallyincreasedtheirstatedwillingnesstopushthesacrificialpersonoffthefootbridge,fromfewerthan20%ofrespondentsworkingintheirnativelanguagetoabout50%ofthoseusingtheforeignone.Whydoesitmatterwhetherwejudgemoralityinournativelanguageoraforeignone?Accordingtooneexplanation,suchjudgmentsinvolvetwoseparateandcompetingwaysofthinking—oneofthese,aquick,natural“feeling,”andtheother,carefuldeliberationaboutthegreatestgoodforthegreatestnumber.Whenweuseaforeignlanguage,weunconsciouslysinkintothemorecarefulwaysimplybecausetheeffortofoperatinginournon-nativelanguagesignalsourcognitive(认知的)systemtopreparefordifficultactivity.Analternativeexplanationisthatdifferencesarisebetweennativeandforeigntonguesbecauseourchildhoodlanguagesarefilledwithgreateremotionsthanarethoselearnedinmoreacademicsettings.Asaresult,moraljudgmentsmadeinaforeignlanguagearelessfilledwiththeemotionalreactionsthatsurfacewhenweusealanguagelearnedinchildhood.There’sstrongevidencethatmemoryconnectsalanguagewiththeexperiencesandinteractionsthroughwhichthatlanguagewaslearned.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingual(双语的)aremorelikelytorecallanexperienceifremindedinthelanguageinwhichthateventoccurred.Ourchildhoodlanguages,learnedinthemiddleofpassionateemotion,becomefilledwithdeepfeeling.Bycomparison,languagesacquiredlateinlife,especiallyiftheyarelearnedthroughlimitedinteractionsintheclassroomordullydeliveredovercomputerscreensandheadphones,enterourmindslackingtheemotionalitythatispresentfortheirnativespeakers.38.Whatdoes“thisquestion”inParagraph2referto?A.Whatcontributestoone’slanguageimprovements?B.Isitnecessarytolearnmorethanoneforeignlanguage?C.Doesthelanguageoneusesinfluenceone’smoraljudgments?D.Howdopeopledealwithmoraldilemmasinaforeignlanguage?39.Whenthe“trolleyproblem”waspresentedinaforeignlanguage,volunteersweremorelikelyto______.A.carelessaboutthefivepeopleB.pulltheswitchtothesidetracksC.remainhesitantaboutwhattodoD.sacrificethestrangeronthefootbridge40.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto______.A.consideration B.guidanceC.selection D.arrangement41.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Bilingualpeoplearelessemotionalthanothers.B.Nativelanguagelearninginvolvesgreateremotions.C.Childhoodmemorieslimitforeignlanguagelearning.D.Academicsettingspromoteforeignlanguagelearning.参考答案：38.C

39.D

40.A

41.B【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。最近的一些研究的结果表明，当人们面对道德困境时，他们用外语思考和用母语思考时的反应确实不同。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Thefindingsofseveralrecentstudiessuggestthatwhenpeoplearefacedwithmoraldilemmas(困境),theydoindeedresponddifferentlywhenconsideringtheminaforeignlanguagethanwhenusingtheirnativetongue.可知，最近的一些研究的结果表明，当人们面对道德困境时，他们用外语思考的反应和他们的母语思考的反应确实是不同的。所以此问题指的是一个人使用的语言会影响他的道德判断吗？故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段ButCostaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatpresentingthedilemmainalanguagethatvolunteershadlearnedasaforeigntonguedramaticallyincreasedtheirstatedwillingnesstopushthesacrificialpersonoffthefootbridge,fromfewerthan20%ofrespondentsworkingintheirnativelanguagetoabout50%ofthoseusingtheforeignone.可知，志愿者们用已经学会的外语来表达这种两难境地时，极大地增加了他们将牺牲者推下人行桥的意愿。分别与D选择项中的sacrifice和footbridge分别对应。故选D。【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第五段Accordingtooneexplanation,suchjudgmentsinvolvetwoseparateandcompetingwaysofthinking—oneofthese,aquick,natural“feeling,”这样的判断涉及两种独立的、相互竞争的思维方式——一种是快速、自然的“感觉”，所以猜测出，另外一种是对大多数人最大利益的深思熟虑。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Analternativeexplanationisthatdifferencesarisebetweennativeandforeigntonguesbecauseourchildhoodlanguagesarefilledwithgreateremotionsthanarethoselearnedinmoreacademicsettings.母语和外语之间的差异是因为我们的童年语言比在学术环境中学习的语言更充满感情，和最后一段Bycomparison,languagesacquiredlateinlife,especiallyiftheyarelearnedthroughlimitedinteractionsintheclassroomordullydeliveredovercomputerscreensandheadphones,enterourmindslackingtheemotionalitythatispresentfortheirnativespeakers.后天习得的语言，缺乏母语者所具有的情感。所以说，母语学习包含更多的情感。故选B。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题3要求猜测出deliberation的含义，就是文章第五段Accordingtooneexplanation,suchjudgmentsinvolvetwoseparateandcompetingwaysofthinking—oneofthese,aquick,natural“feeling,”这样的判断涉及两种独立的、相互竞争的思维方式——一种是快速、自然的“感觉”，所以猜测出，另外一种是对大多数人最大利益的深思熟虑，从而推测出deliberation为“深思熟虑”之意。21.Alzheimer'sdiseaseisamajornationalhealthproblem.Nearly2millionAmericansovertheageof65haveAlzheimer'sdisease.Itisaleadingcauseofdeathamongtheelderly.ButAlzheimer'sdiseaseisnotconfined(限于)totheaged.Theremaybeamillionormorepeopleundertheageof65sufferingfromthedisease.Atonetime,peoplesufferingfromthediseaseweresaidtobe"gettingold".Thediseasewasthoughttobeanaturalpartofgrowingold,butitisnowknownthatAlzheimer'sdiseasestrikesyoungandoldalike.Itisanorganic(器官的)diseasethatdestroysbraincells.Alzheimer'sdiseaseaffectsthepatient'smemory,speech,andmovement.Inthebeginningstagesofthedisease,thepatientmayseemslightlyconfused.Hemayhavetroublespeaking.Thenthepatient'smemorybeginstofail.Hemayforgetdates,telephonenumbers,namesandplans.Asthediseaseprogresses,thepatientmaynotrecognizefamilyandfriends.Thesesymptoms(症状)oftencauseterribleanxietyinthepatient.Hemayfeellostan