高中英语人教版Unit1Livingwell 课后限时作业

Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theteacherwentintotheclassroomsilentlysoasnot________(disturb)thestudents.2.Whatcouldhedobut________(forgive)her?3.Theroomsseem________________________(clean)already.4.Mysister’sdream________________(become)adoctormademyparentsglad.5.Theimportantmeetingis_____________(hold)tomorrow.6.Nobodycouldafford___________(buy)anewcaratthattime.7.Don’tpretend________________(work)hardnow.8.Thepresidentisreported________________(go)toShanghaitotakepartinanimportantmeetingyesterday.9.It’smygreathonour________(receive)theinvitationtoyourbirthdayparty.10.Thepeasantsweremade________(work)twentyhoursaday.答案：1.todisturb句意：老师静静地走进教室以便不打搅学生。soas(not)todosth.为了，以便(不)做某事。不定式作目的状语。forgive句意：除了原谅她，他还能做什么呢？coulddosth.butdosth.除了做某事之外能做某事。tohavebeencleaned句意：房间好像已经打扫过了。seem后接动词不定式，由already可知，“房间打扫”动作已发生，应用完成式。而且句子的主语与动词不定式的动词“clean”存在动宾关系，因此应用被动式。4.tobecome句意：我妹妹想要成为医生的梦想使我父母很高兴。动词不定式作后置定语修饰dream并表“将来”。5.tobeheld句意：该重要会议将会在明天召开。betodo表将来，会议与hold存在被动关系，因此应用不定式的被动式。6.tobuy句意：那时没人买得起一辆新车。afford承担得起，付得起，常与不定式连用。7.tobeworking句意：不要装着在卖力干活。pretend常与不定式连用；因为now故不定式应用进行式。8.tohavegone句意：据报道总统昨天已去上海参加一个重要的会议。bereportedtodo/tohavedone据报道做/已做。toreceive句意：收到参加你生日聚会的邀请我非常荣幸。It’sanhonortodosth.做某事非常荣幸。towork句意：农民们被迫一天干20小时的活。makesb.dosth.结构改为被动语态时要重新加上不定式符号to构成：bemadetodosth.。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudenttoattendingtheimportantmeeting.3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobeholdingnextMonday?5.Ittookusthreeyearsfulfiltheproject.6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirstgetintothelifeboats.7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.∧about答案：1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.Attendingattend动词不定式作后置定语与被修饰词nothing之间是动宾关系，worryaboutsth.担心某事，因此不定式toworry应加介词Attendingattend∧to2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudentto∧to不定式作后置定语。3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.holdingheld比较状语从句中连词than连接对等形式，主语是不定式holdingheld4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobenextMonday?fulfiltofulfl动词不定式作后置定语表将来，又因被修饰词fulfiltofulfl5.Ittookusthreeyearstheproject.∧toIttakessometimetodosth.∧to∧been6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirst∧been当表语是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，其后应接动词不定式。7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.你没必要告诉她该消息，她好像已经被告知。由句意可知动词不定式应用完成被动式。8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.∧tomakesb.dosth.∧to9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.∧toonlytodo∧to10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.该题考查了动词不定式的省略。动词不定式作宾语补足语时可省去动词不定式的动词，保留动词不定式符号to。Ⅲ.阅读理解(2023·金太阳全国大联考)Sharksusetheirgoodsenseofsmelltosearchforprey.ButanewstudyshowsthattherisinglevelsofCO2intheoceancouldreducesharksabilitytofindfood.It’sbadnewsforahealthyocean.Sharksaretoppredators(掠食动物)andareliketheocean’sweedcontrollers.DixsonworksattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.Herearlierworkhasshownthatclownfishinacidifying(酸化的)wateractstrangely.“Wewanttoexpandthisresearchtosharksbecauseweknowhowimportantitisforsharkstofindtheirfoodthroughtheirsenseofsmell，”saidDixson.Herteamstartedbyplacingsharksineachofthreedifferentpoolsforfivedays.EachpoolhadadifferentlevelofCO2init.Thefirsthadthesameamountastoday’soceanwater.ThesecondhadalevelofCO2thatscientistsexpecttoreachby2050.ThethirdpoolhadthehighestlevelofCO2thatcoulddevelopbytheyear2100.Sharksweren’tallowedtoeatanyfoodwhileinthepools.Thismadesurethattheywouldbehungry.Then,Dixsonreleasedthesharks—oneatatime—intoapoolwithtwoside\|by\|sidestreamsofflowingwater.Inonestream,theresearcherspumpedwatersmelledstronglyofsquid.Theotherstreamcontainedoceanwaterwithnoscent(气味).Becauseeachstreamflowedatthesamerateandinthesamedirection,thesquidsmellstayedinitsstream.Thesharkscouldchoosetoswimineitherstream.Sharksthathadbeenswimmingforfivedaysinpoolsofregularoceanwaterspentmorethan60percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.ThesamewastrueforsharksthathadbeeninwaterwiththeCO2levelthatcoulddevelopbytheyear2050.ButsharksexposedtothehighestlevelofCO2spentjust15percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.研究发现，海洋里二氧化碳的浓度会影响鲨鱼的嗅觉，会给它们带来不好的影响。1.Whydidthewritermentionthesharkssmellatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Becausethewriterappreciatesitsabilitytofindfood.B.Becausethewriterconsidersitdangeroustohumanbeings.C.Becausethewriterintendstoshowhowtocontrolweedintheocean.D.Becausethewriterworriesaboutthesharksintheocean.2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whattheoceaninthefuturewillbelike.B.WhohelpedDixsonconductthestudy.C.Whatkindsofpoolswereusedduringthestudy.D.WhatthelevelsofCO2willbeatintheoceaninthefuture.3.Theresearcherspumpedwaterwhereadeadsquidhadbeenovernightto.A.helpthesharkslookforfoodB.testthesharkssenseofsmellC.provethatsharkslikeeatingsquidsD.explainwhyCO2intheoceanaffectssharks4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Sharkslikethesquid-|scentedstreambetter.B.SharkslikethestreamwiththehighlevelofCO2.C.Sharksspent15%oftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.D.ThehighlevelofCO2canaffectthesharksabilitytosmell.答案：1.解析：D考查推理判断。作者在第一段中提到鲨鱼的嗅觉，主要是引出主题，即：海洋环境的改变会对鲨鱼的觅食造成危害，因此可推知作者担心生活在海洋中的鲨鱼。2.解析：C考查段落大意。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要是讲Dixson和她的团队把鲨鱼放在哪些池子里做实验。3.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容可知，研究人员往水流里放了带鱿鱼味的水，其目的是测试鲨鱼在特定的环境下能否闻到那种气味，故选B。4.解析：D考查推理判断。画线句子的意思是“但是，暴露在最高浓度的二氧化碳中的鲨鱼只在有鱿鱼味的水中花费了仅仅15%的时间”。由此可知，Dixson团队的实验发现，鲨鱼的嗅觉的确受到二氧化碳浓度的影响。Ⅳ.完形填空(2023·湖北武汉外校高二月考)JohnPerrystoodupandlookedaroundagain.Theislandhadbeenagoodplacetofindshells.Butnowhowcouldhemakethe1moveouttosea?Iftheyswamouttoseahecouldjumpinandgettoshore2theysawhim.Hesawthesharksrollingandplaying.Their3wasnowgoneandtheywerekillingforfun.Hedrewhisknifefromhisbelt.Sharkscan4blood,hethought.Heputtheknifeagainsthislegandcutdeepintothe5.Whentheshirtwasredandwethetiedsomeclothsaroundhislegto6theflowofblood.Hethentiedalongclothtotheshirt,threwitintothewaterand7itwiththecloth.Thesharkssmelledthebloodandcame8towardtheshirt.Herandownthesandreefpullingtheshirtandthesharksracedafterit.Hewas9themawayfromtheshore.Suddenlyhedroppedthecloth,turnedtowardthe10andranasfastashecould.Hejumpedintothewaterandswam.11hewashalfwayacrossheturnedtolookback.Ahighbonyfinwas12throughthewatertowardhim.Heswam13asfastashecould.Heliftedhisheadagainto14andhesawtheshoreverynear.Andthenagreatgraybodyhithimandalmostrolledhimoverinthewater.Hetouchedtheshorewith15andhepulledhimselfupthestones.Theshark,16bythesmellofbloodandthechase,wentwildlyafterhim.Itsgreatbodycrashedagainstthe17.Theendcamequickly.Theinjuredsharkwaseatenup18byothersasittriedtoescape.Perryslowlystruggled19hisfeet.Helookeddownatthesharksstilleating20theyweren’thungry.Heclimbedupthestonesandwalkedtowardthevillage.语篇导读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了JohnPerry如何机智勇敢地逃离鲨鱼群的故事。1.A.boatsB.sharksC.soldiersD.animals2.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while3.A.foodB.hungerC.angerD.wish4.A.fearB.tasteC.drinkD.smell5.A.sandB.floorC.fleshD.meat6.A.stopB.keepC.joinD.cause7.A.pulledB.wrappedC.connectedD.caught8.A.rollingB.racingC.swimmingD.jumping9.A.drivingB.scaringC.preventingD.leading10.A.seaB.shoreC.islandD.ship11.A.ButB.WhereC.UnlessD.When12.A.goingB.runningC.cuttingD.flying13.A.forwardB.backwardC.upwardD.downward14.A.cryB.breatheC.shoutD.escape15.A.hisfeetB.astickC.hisfingersD.theshirt16.A.interestedB.frightenedC.disappointedD.excited17.A.bloodB.seawaterC.stonesD.shells18.A.livelyB.aliveC.deadD.friendly19.A.onB.byC.toD.with20.A.asthoughB.eventhoughC.assoonasD.aslongas答案：1.解析：B由下文可知，JohnPerry想让鲨鱼游到海里，以便自己下水游到岸上去。下文中的sharks也是信息提示2.解析：A他要在鲨鱼看到他之前游上岸。before表示“在……以前”。3.解析：B根据上句他看到鲨鱼在翻滚玩耍可知，鲨鱼现在已不再饥饿。4.解析：D根据常识，鲨鱼可以闻到血腥味，应选smell。下文中的“Thesharkssmelledtheblood”也是信息提示。5.解析：CJohnPerry将刀割进肉里以便流出血来，排除A、B两项；meat指“(供食用的)肉”；flesh可以指“(人或动物的)肉”，故选C项。6.解析：A根据常识及空后的“theflowofblood”可知，JohnPerry给自己止血。7.解析：AJohnPerry把染了血的衬衫扔到水里，用布条拉着。pull意为“拉”，符合语境。8.解析：B根据下文中的“thesharksracedafterit”可知，B项符合题意。race“(使)快速移动，快速运转”。9.解析：DJohnPerry引着鲨鱼游离海岸。lead“带路，领路”。10.解析：B他扔下布条，尽可能快地跑向海岸。11.解析：D当JohnPerry游了一半时，他转过身向后看。12.解析：Ccutthrough“开辟(出路或通道)”是固定短语，表示这条鲨鱼的速度之快。13.解析：A后有鲨鱼追着，JohnPerry当然是竭力向前游forward“向前”；backward“向后”；upward“向上”；downward“向下”。14.解析：B根据语境和常识可知，JohnPerry露出头来呼吸。 15.解析：C根据空前的“Hetouchedtheshore”可知，JohnPerry用手触摸到了海岸。16.解析：D根据常识，鲨鱼因血腥味和追逐而变得兴奋。17.解析：C由上文可知，鲨鱼紧追JohnPerry,JohnPerry爬上了岸边的石头，鲨鱼紧随其后，自然撞到了石头上。18.解析：B受了伤的鲨鱼被其他鲨鱼活吃了。alive“活着”，在此处作伴随状语，表示被吃的时候是活着的；lively“生气勃勃的”；dead“死的”；friendly“友好的”。19.解析：Astruggleonone’sfeet“挣扎着站起来”，是固定用法。20.解析：B尽管不饿，鲨鱼们仍在吃着。asthough“好像，仿佛”；eventhough“即使，尽管”；assoonas“一……就……”；aslongas“只要，在……的时候”。Ⅴ.短文改错(2023·全国卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.theausingusedorandhonesthonestyhadhavethatwhere答案：(2023·全国卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeventowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethat