Unit2-宾语从句专项课件

Unit2宾语从句专项讲解

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句

一什么是宾语从句？试比较宾语从句的概念

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素：连接词时态语序不同连接词引导的宾语从句1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,which，

what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句宾语从句连接词:1.陈述句2.一般疑问句3.特殊疑问句thatif/whether原有的连接代词和连接副词1.Ihear(that)_______________________.2.Hesaid(that)______________________.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmoves由that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。aroundthesunObjectclauseswiththatWe’llhaveexamsnextFriday.UsingsayIcanhelphim.Theteachersays(that)we’llhaveexamsnextFriday.Thegirlsays(that)shecanhelphim.1.Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.(Ibelieve…)Ibelieve(that)Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

2.Itwasalittlecrowded.(Iguess…)

Iguess(that)itwasalittlecrowded.3.Theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.(Billthinks…)Billthinks(that)theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.4.TheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.(Iknow…)

Iknow(that)theWaterFestivalisreallyfun.5.MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.(Ihear…)Ihear(that)MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.6.Thefoodwasdelicious.(Hesays…)

Hesays（that)thefoodwasdelicious.连词that不能省略的几种情况在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。1.从句的主语是that。如：

Hesaysthatthatisarealking’shat.

他说那是一个真的王冠。2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：

I’mafraidthatifyou’velostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：

Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.

卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：

Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.

她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars.ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars.PeoplethinkthathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier.WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem.ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?√√√IsJimin?Hasshetakenanymedicine?UsingwonderLiLeiwondersifJimisin.Thedoctorwondersifshehastakensomemedicine.疑问句变宾语从句的步骤：1、把句子变为肯定句IsJimathome?

Jimisathome.

2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?JuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.

3.Doeshelikesports?Helikessports.

4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?Theywillplaybasketballafterschool.变化方法：主句+if/whether+一般疑问句。if/whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份，if/whether可互换。2.在句子前加上从属连词whether,if该一般疑问句要变为陈述句形式。把下列各句变为宾语从句IsJimathome?(Iwonder…)

Iwonderwhether/ifJimisathome.

2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?(Hewonders…)

Hewonderswhether/ifJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.

把下列各句变为宾语从句

3.Doeshelikesports?(Doyouknow…)Doyouknowwhetherhelikessports?

4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?(Heasks…)Heaskswhethertheywillplaybasketballafterschool.Ⅰ.if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：

Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.

米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。

Thefishermanwantstoknowif/whetheritwillrain.

渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Objectclauseswithifandwhether由if/whether引导的宾语从句Ⅱ.if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：

DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208?Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellmeif/whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208?其次要注意时态变化：

1.若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：

Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.

他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。2.若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：

Didthetrainleave?Shedidn’tknow.→Shedidn’tknowif/whetherthetrainhadleft.Ⅲ.if和whether的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：

Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.

这是否对，我不能说。2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如：

Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.

我不知道他明天是否来。3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：

Shecan’tdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.

她不能决定是否去美国。4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：

IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.

我担心是否伤了她的感情。5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：

Tomwantstoknowifhewon’tcomeheretomorrow.

汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：

IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.

假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1.Idon'tknowifMr.Wang____onafieldtrip.Ifhe___onafieldtriptomorrow,pleasecallme.A.goes;willgoB.willgo;goesC.willgo;willgoD.goes;goes2.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisitBB3.Theywonderediftheteacher______usEnglishthenextterm.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taughtAChoosetherightanswers.5.Ihaven’tdecide____I’llgooutorstayathome.A.ifB.whenC.whyD.whether6.Iwanttoknow______helovesyou.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whoDC4.Theboyasked______anynoisefromoutside.A.whetherhadIheardB.whetherIhadheardC.whetherhaveIheardD.whetherIhaveheardBAC

7.Iwondered____ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty.A.whetherB.whyC.whereD.that8.I’dliketoknow_____ornot.A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.ifhewillcome改为含宾语从句的复合句1.Willthetrainarriveontime?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_______thetrain______ontime.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.willarriveif/whether

cameif/whether

Completethesentences.1.我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。

Wearewondering__________________________________onMars.2.你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？

Couldyoutellme_____________________

__________________toMars?whether/ifwecanif/whethermanypeoplearegoingtomovegrowplants3.我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。

Idon'tknow_________________________anywashingathome.4.我担心是否伤害了她的感情。

Iamworriedabout__________________

_________.whetherornothedoeswhetherIhurtherfeelings1.UncleWangcameuptosee__________therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather________ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.if/whetherwhether3.Idon’tknow__________togoorstay.4.________thatistrue,whatshouldwedo?whetherIf5.________theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell.

WhetherCompletethesentenceswithif/whether.宾语从句语序：陈述句语序主句+连接词

+主语+谓语+其他成分.把下列宾语从句变为否定句。Ithinkthattheyarefuntowatch.

Idon’tthinkthattheyarefuntowatch.2.IbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

Idon’tbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

三、宾语从句的句型变化宾语从句的句型变化一般体现在主句的变化上。PleasetellmehowIcangothere.CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangothere?Don’ttellmehowIcangothere.四、宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式．即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。

Translatethefollowingsentences.1.我认为不会下雨．

I____________thatit____________.2.我认为你的答案不对.I_____________youranswer＿＿right.３.我们相信他还没走.We_____________thathe____________.

don’tthink

willraindon’tthinkisdon’tbelieve

hasgonePractice:根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1.我认为玛丽不回来了。

Idon’tthinkMary____________.2.山姆给我说他准备去上海。

Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。

Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.willcome

was

leavingif/whether

()1.—Iwonder___________.—I'mafraidwe'llbelate.(2011山东青岛)A.howwecanbeontimeB.whatwearegoingtodoC.whywegettoschoollate D.ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontime中考链接D()2.We’llplanttreestomorrow,andIdon’tknow_____Tomwillcomeandjoinus.(2011天津)A.ifB.whichC.whatD.whereA()3.—Doyouknow_______tomorrow?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.YoumaysurftheInternet.(2011湖南湘潭)A.whetherwillitrain

B.ifitwillrain

C.whetherdoesitrainB()4.—Mum,canwegototheartmuseumtomorrow?—Sure.Butfirstweshouldfindout________.(2011广西南宁市)A.whatcanwedoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegothereD.ifitwillbeopenD()5.Wedon’tknow_______themeetingwillbeheldsoon.(2011内蒙古包头)A.when B.what

C.whether D.sinceC()5.—Mary,couldyoutellmeifyourmother____ourschoolsportsmeetingtomorrow?

—Ithinkshewillcometoschoolifshe_____free.(2011山东滨州)

A.willtakepartin;willbeB.takespartin;isC.willtakepartin;isD.takespartin;willbeC()6.Doyouknow______Guangzhoutomorrow?(2011肇庆)A.whethertheyleavefor

B.whetherwilltheyleaveforC.whethertheyareleavingforC()7.I'vedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering________youcouldgowithme.(2011江西省)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.whereA()8.—Doyouthink_____XiaoMingcanpassthehighschoolentranceexamornot?—Sorry,I’venoidea.(2011广西百色)A.thatB.which

C.ifD.whetherD()9.Hesaidthatlight______muchfasterthansound.(2011山东枣庄)A.hastravelled B.went

C.travels D.travelledC()10.OvertheseyearsIhavehadanewunderstandingof____peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.(2012江苏淮安)A.how B.what C.who D.whomA()11.Canyoutellme

inthefuture?(2012江苏宿迁)A.howlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeC.whatlifewillbelikeD.whatwilllifebelikeC()12.—Doyouknow_____?—AttheendofJuly.(2012江苏连云港)A.howsoonisyoursisterrunningbackhomeB.howoftenNancyfromherpenfriendC.whentheLondonOlympicGamesw