阐释学派翻译课件20161013

TheHermeneuticMotionLOGO

Presenter：Daphne

Oct.13th,20161GeorgeSteiner

IntroductionofHermeneuticsHermeneuticTranslation

Contents123HermeneuticsFourfoldHermeneuticMotion21IntroductionofHermeneutics123

Definition

EtymologyDevelopment3Definition1.14PPT模板：/moban/PPT素材：/sucai/PPT背景：/beijing/PPT图表：/tubiao/PPT下载：/xiazai/PPT教程：/powerpoint/资料下载：/ziliao/范文下载：/fanwen/试卷下载：/shiti/教案下载：/jiaoan/PPT论坛：PPT课件：/kejian/语文课件：/kejian/yuwen/数学课件：/kejian/shuxue/英语课件：/kejian/yingyu/美术课件：/kejian/meishu/科学课件：/kejian/kexue/物理课件：/kejian/wuli/化学课件：/kejian/huaxue/生物课件：/kejian/shengwu/地理课件：/kejian/dili/历史课件：/kejian/lishi/1.1Definition

Hermeneutics5ISthetheoryand

methodology

ofinterpretation,

especiallytheinterpretationof

biblicaltexts,

wisdomliterature,and

philosophicaltexts.Itstartedoutasatheoryoftextinterpretationbuthasbeenlaterbroadenedtoquestionsofgeneralinterpretation.关于文本解释的理论，尤其是解释《圣经》等宗教经文、经书典籍、哲学文献。Etymology1.26PPT模板：/moban/PPT素材：/sucai/PPT背景：/beijing/PPT图表：/tubiao/PPT下载：/xiazai/PPT教程：/powerpoint/资料下载：/ziliao/范文下载：/fanwen/试卷下载：/shiti/教案下载：/jiaoan/PPT论坛：PPT课件：/kejian/语文课件：/kejian/yuwen/数学课件：/kejian/shuxue/英语课件：/kejian/yingyu/美术课件：/kejian/meishu/科学课件：/kejian/kexue/物理课件：/kejian/wuli/化学课件：/kejian/huaxue/生物课件：/kejian/shengwu/地理课件：/kejian/dili/历史课件：/kejian/lishi/1.2Etymology

Hermes赫耳墨斯7Folketymology

placesitsoriginwith

Hermes,themythologicalGreek

deity

whowasthemessengerofthegods.Besidesbeingamediatorbetweenthegodsandmen,heledsoulstothe

underworld

upondeath.Development1.381.3Development

9Ancientandmedievalhermeneutics古典阐释学时期古希腊时期的阐释学主要用于逻辑学和辩论术，以及一些宗教、文学经典著作的解释，其目的不外乎消除文本的歧义和误解；中世纪，阐释学成为《圣经》研究的一个分支；文艺复兴和宗教改革时期，阐释学的研究领域扩大到对整个古代文化经典的阐释。（谢天振，2008）1.3Development

10

Modernhermeneutics现代阐释学时期FriedrichSchleiermacherdistinguishedbetweengrammaticalinterpretation（语法阐释）andpsychologicalinterpretation（心理阐释）andputforwardthegeneralHermeneutics（普通阐释学）.WilhelmDilthey

broadenedhermeneuticsevenmorebyrelatinginterpretationtohistoricalobjectification.Understandingmovesfromtheoutermanifestationsofhumanactionandproductivitytotheexplorationoftheirinnermeaning.这两个时期的阐释学都在方法论和认识论的架构下发展，都把重建文本和作者愿意作为最高目标。这一时期的阐释学基本上还是一种作为方法论和认识论的客观主义的解释学。1.3Development

11MartinHeidegger海德格尔&Hans-GeorgGadamer伽达默尔使阐释学实现了从认识论到本体论的转变。不是把理解视作人的认识方式，而是把他视作人的存在方式。指出理解不仅受制于主观性还受制于“前理解”，理解不是去把握一个不变的事实，而是去理解和接近人存在的潜在性和可能性，使得阐释学从一般精神科学的方法论转变成一种哲学。伽达默尔巨著《真理与方法》(WahrheitundMethode)把阐释学现象看做是人类的普遍经验，确立了阐释学作为一种以理解为核心的哲学的统治地位。HermeneuticTranslation2122HermeneuticTranslation13Schleiermacher斯莱尔马赫RecognizedasthefounderofmodernProtestanttheologyandofmodernhermeneutics.In1813hewroteahighlyinfluentialtreatiseontranslation,“uberdieverschiedenenMethodendesUbersetzens(onthedifferentmethodsoftranslating)”.Hemovesbeyondtheissueofword-for-wordandsense-for-sense,literal,faithfulandfreetranslation,andconsiderstheretobeonlytwopathsopenforthetruetranslator(Munday,2008:28)：2HermeneuticTranslation14

GeorgeSteiner乔治斯坦纳AfterBabel:AspectsofLanguageandTranslation

《通天塔之后：语言与翻译面面观》AntoineBerman安托瓦纳贝尔曼

TranslationandtheTrialsoftheForeign《翻译及对异的考验》3FourfoldHermeneuticMotion1243LifeCareer

ContributionFurtherThinking15FourfoldMotionLifeCareer3.1163.1LifeCareer17GeorgeSteinerwasbornin1929in

Paris,to

VienneseJewish

parents.HeisaninfluentialEuropean-bornAmericanliterarycritic,essayist,philosopher,novelist,translator,andeducator.Hehaswrittenextensivelyabouttherelationshipbetweenlanguage,literatureandsociety,andtheimpactofTheHolocaust（大屠杀）.

Steinergrewupwiththree

mothertongues:German,English,andFrench;hismotherwas

multilingual

andwouldoften"beginasentenceinonelanguageandenditinanother."

Whenhewassixyearsold,hisfather,whobelievedinagood

classicaleducation,taughthimtoreadthe

Iliad,

Homer's

epicpoem,intheoriginal

Greek.3.1LifeCareer18GeorgeSteiner'scareerspanshalfacenturyandhehaspublishedground-breakingessaysandbooksthataddresstheanomaliesofcontemporaryWesternculture,issuesoflanguageandits“debasement”inthepost-Holocaustage.Hisfieldisprimarilycomparativeliteratureandhisworkasacritichastendedtowardexploringculturalandphilosophicalissues,particularlydealingwithtranslationandthenatureoflanguageandliterature./wiki/George_SteinerFourfoldMotion3.2193.2FourfoldMotion20TRUST信任Weventurealeap:wegrantabinitiothatthereis“somethingthere”tobeunderstood,thatthetransferwillnotbevoid.Allunderstanding,andthedemonstrativestatementofunderstandingwhichistranslation,startswithanactoftrust.冒险相信原文本言之有物，翻译不是空洞无用的行为。所有的理解都始于信任。3.2FourfoldMotion21TRUST信任Itisbetrayed,trivially,bynonsense,bythediscoverythat“thereisnothingthere”toelicitandtranslate.译者发现文中出现胡言乱语或空洞无物，信赖就会动摇。Concomitantlyheleaveshimselfvulnerable,thoughonlyinextremityandatthetheoreticaledge,totwodialecticallyrelated,mutuallydeterminedmetaphysicalrisks.值得信赖或是空无一物总是辩证相关相互制约的，总会将译者置于易受责难的境地，尽管多是理论上，仅出现在极端情况下的。3.2FourfoldMotion22Aggression侵入TherelevantanalysisisthatofHeideggerwhenhefocusesourattentiononunderstandingasanact,ontheaccess,inherentlyappropriativeandthereforeviolent.侵入即具有攻击性，理解的途径与生俱来具有挪用性，因此是暴力的。ItisHeidegger’scontributiontohaveshownthatunderstanding,recognition,interpretationareacompacted,unavoidablemodeofattack.海德格尔的贡献在于指出理解、认知、阐释是一个紧密结合、不可避免的侵袭模式。3.2FourfoldMotion23Aggression侵入Certaintextsorgenreshavebeenexhaustedbytranslation.Farmoreinterestingly,othershavebeennegatedbytransfiguration,byanactofappropriativepenetrationandtransferinexcessoftheoriginal,moreordered,moreaestheticallypleasing.入侵也非绝对，例如某些文本由于变形、转换和挪用性的渗透，自身遭到否定，由此超过原文，变得赏心悦目，而不去触碰原文。3.2FourfoldMotion

24Incorporation吸收Theimport,ofmeaningandofform,theembodiment,isnotmadeinorintoavacuum.Thereareinnumerableshadingsofassimilationandplacementofthenewly-acquired,rangingfromacompletedomestication,anat-homenessatthecoreofthekindwhichculturalhistoryascribesto.吸收就是对原文的意义和形式进行引进和吸纳，译本要对许许多多的成分进行同化，并对新接纳的因素进行安置，有的已经完全归化，进入本土文化的核心，有的却处于异化和边缘化的位置。3.2FourfoldMotion

25Incorporation吸收Therecanbecontagionsoffacilitytriggeredbytheantiqueorforeignimport.Afteratime,thenativeorganismwillreact,endeavouringtoneutralizeorexpeltheforeignbody.对异域文化的引入会容易引发本土文化的感染。一段时间之后，本土体内机制便会起反作用，竭力中和或排斥异物。3.2FourfoldMotion

26Incorporation吸收Actsoftranslationaddtoourmeans;wecometoincarnatealternativeenergiesandresourcesoffeeling.Butwemaybemasteredandmadelamebywhatwehaveimported.Writershaveceasedfromtranslation,sometimestoolate,becausetheinhaledvoiceoftheforeigntexthadcometochoketheirown.我们通过翻译汲取别处的力量和情感资源，同时我们也可能被自己引进的事物所掌控。作家会因翻译而感到窒息，从异域文本中吸入的声音会把自己的声音堵住，有时意识到，但为时已晚。3.2FourfoldMotion

27

Restitution补偿Thea-prioristicmovementoftrustputsusoffbalance.We“leantowards”theconfrontingtext(trust).Weencircleandinvadecognitively(aggression).Wecomehomeladen,thusagainoffbalance,havingcauseddisequilibriumthroughoutthesystembytakingawayfrom“theother”andbyadding,thoughpossiblywithambiguousconsequence,toourown(incorporation).Thesystemisnowoff-tilt(offbalance).阐释的前三个步骤都有不平衡性，要么加入太多，要么省略太多，真正的阐释需要在原文与译文中斡旋，找回平衡。

3.2FourfoldMotion

28

Restitution补偿Therehasbeenanoutflowofenergyfromthesourceandaninflowintothereceptoralteringbothandalteringtheharmonicsofthewholesystem.Genuinetranslationwill,therefore,seektoequalize,thoughthemediatingstepsmaybelengthyandoblique.能量从原文流出，同时流入接受者，不仅对两者都有改变，还改变了整个系统的和谐。尽管在原文与译文之间斡旋的过程可能繁琐冗长，但真正的翻译总是寻求均等补偿。(Venuti,200)

Contribution3.3293.3Contribution

30TheHermeneuticMotionasafourfoldmotion

willallowustoovercomethesteriletriadicmodel

ofliteralism,paraphraseandfreeimitationwhichturnsouttobewhollycontingentandhasnoprecis