外研版高中英语book4module5

Module5

ATripAlongtheThreeGorges类别基础梳理核心单词1.________(vi.)做生意2.__________(vt.)禁止3.__________(adj.)遥远的4._________(n.)地点；场所5.________(n.)景色；风景6.___________(vt.)围绕；环绕→______________(n.)环境(常用复数)tradeforbidremotespotviewsurroundsurroundings核心单词7.__________(vi.)变狭窄→___________(adv.)勉强地8.________(adj.)遥远的→_________(n.)距离9.________(adj.)多变化的→_______(v.)变化→_________(n.)多样性；种类→__________(adj.)各种各样的→__________(adj.)→可变的；易变的10.___________(adv.)自然地→__________(adj.)自然的，天然的→_________(n.)大自然narrownarrowlydistantdistancevariedvaryvarietyvariousvariablenaturallynaturalnature高频短语1.gothrough穿过；经历；通过2.takeadvantageof利用3.beheavywith有大量的……4.inthedistance在远处5.alltheway一直；从头到尾6.ripoff敲竹杠；敲诈；偷窃7.attheedgeof在……的边缘8.besurroundedby被……所包围9.getakickoutof(俚语)从……中得到乐趣10.atleast至少11.beagainst反对12.makeadetour迂回13.havefourweeksoff请四周假14.followtherules遵守规定15.attheendof在……末经典句型1.Alakeisanareaofwater___________________land.湖泊是被陆地围起来的一片水域。2.Heandacolleague_____________________twoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.他和另一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。3.Wecould_______thesun_________behindthewhitepagoda.我们目睹太阳在白塔后西沉。surroundedbyweretospendseesetting经典句型4.“Oh，well”，myfriendsaid.“______leastwehave_____________________．”“没关系”，我朋友说，“至少我们能看见另外两个峡谷”。5.Nearly100millionpeoplelivehere，________________________________________．差不多一亿人口住在此地，绝大多数住在东部。attwomoreleftmostofthemintheeast轻松闯关Ⅰ.单词拼写1.________(自然地)enough，shewantedherchildtogrowupfitandstrong.答案：Naturally2.Agoodteacherisawareoftheextremely________(各种各样的)needsofeachstudent.答案：varied3.Regularvisitsfromasocialworkercanbeof________(极大的)valuetooldpeoplelivingalone.答案：immense4.Atthattime，thestatelaw________(禁止)theteachingofevolution.答案：forbade5.ThenewTVcompaniesarefully________(开发)thepotentialofsatellitetransmission.答案：exploiting6.Wetooka________(迂路)toavoidthetowncentre.答案：detour7.Shediscussedtheideawithsomeofher______(同事).答案：colleagues8.He'salwaysbeen________(包围)bypeoplewhoadorehim.答案：surrounded9.Accordingto________(传说)，heescapedbyleapingfromthecliffsintothesea.答案：legend10.Theeconomicgapbetweenthetwohalvesofthecountrywasbeginningto________(缩小).答案：narrowⅡ.完成句子1.你儿子的法语学得怎么样？Howisyourson________________________hisFrench？答案：gettingonwith2.这位老人在自己的一生中经历了很多事情。Theoldman________________________agreatdealinhislife.答案：hasgonethrough

3.这消息很快就传遍了全国。Thenewssoon________________________throughoutthecountry.答案：founditsway4.这些幼苗需要细心照料。Theseyoungseedlingsrequire__________________.答案：lookingaftercarefully5.如果你坚持真理，你就无所畏惧。Ifyou________________________________，youhavenothingtofear.答案：sticktothetruth

1．surroundv．(使)包围；围绕①WestLakeissurroundedby/withwillowtrees.西湖被柳树环绕。②Ittookmeweekstogetusedtomynewsurroundings.我花了几星期的时间才适应了新环境。③Davidlovedtosurroundhimselfwithyoungpeople.戴维很喜欢和年轻人在一起。Assoonashegotoutofthecar，hewassurroundedbyreporters.他一走出汽车就被记者包围了。surroundings，environmentsurroundings“环境”，常以复数形式出现，指周围的具体的、物质性的东西。environment是环境的总称，指特定的、能对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件。④Ittookmeafewweekstogetusedtomynewsurroundings.我花了好几周才适应新环境。⑤Anunhappyhomeenvironmentcangreatlyaffectachild'sbehaviour.一个不幸福的家庭氛围能够极大影响孩子的行为。活学活用Thehouseisinsuchbeautiful____thatI’mdeterminedtobuyit.A.surroundingB.surroundingsC.environmentD.situation解析

surroundings自然环境;周围的事物。B 用surround的正确形式填空①Thesurroundingvillagesarebeautiful.②Animalsinzoosarenotintheirnaturalsurroundings.③Therobbertriedtorunoffbutgaveupwhenhefoundhimselfsurroundedbypolicemen.1．Alotofchildrenattheschooldonotliveinthetown，butcomefromthe________countryside.A．surrounded

B．surroundingC．surroundings D．surround解析：句意：这所学校的许多学生不是住在城市，而是来自周围的农村。答案：B1．WhenYaoMinggotofftheplane，hefoundhimself________thereportersandhisfans.A．surroundingby

B．surroundedbyC．tobesurroundedwithD．surrounded【解析】

findhimself后可跟动词的­ing形式或过去分词，根据情景，他发现自己被记者和球迷包围着。【答案】

B2.Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself______.A.surroundingB.surroundedC.tosurroundD.tobesurrounded【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。首先在“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语不能是动词不定式,所以排除C、D两项。此处surround与宾语himself之间是被动关系,要用过去分词,所以选B。2．narrowv．变窄；使变狭窄，使缩小adj.勉强的；狭窄的①Thereareplanstowidenthenarrowestsectionoftheroad.有计划要拓宽这条道路最狭窄的部分。②Thepolicehavenarroweddowntheirlistofsuspects.警方已经缩小了嫌疑犯的范围。③Wenarrowlymissedhittinganothercar.我们差一点儿撞上另一辆汽车。Shehasaverynarrowviewoftheworld.她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。Theroadwassonarrowthattwocarscouldnotpass.这条路太窄，两辆汽车无法通过。Theroadnarrowsalotatthispoint.这条路在这儿变窄了许多。3．(2007年天津卷)Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93∶94.Wewereonly________beaten.A．nearly B．slightlyC．narrowly D．lightly【解析】句意为“篮球比赛最后的比分是93比94。我们险些被打败”。A项为“几乎”；B项为“稍微”；C项是“勉强地；险些”；D项为“轻微地；轻度地”。【答案】

C3．forbidvt.禁止，不许归纳拓展forbiddingadj.可怕的;令人难亲近的forbiddenadj.禁止的;严禁的theForbiddenCity紫禁城forbid(one’s)doingsth.禁止(某人)做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事

(1)forbid(forbade,forbidden,forbidding)［反义词］allow,permit①Smokingisforbiddeninthisbuilding.这栋建筑物内禁止吸烟。②Myfatherforbademetowatchtelevision.＝Myfatherforbademywatchingtelevision.我父亲不准我看电视。Hewasforbiddentoleavethebaseasapunishment.

作为惩罚,他被禁止离开基地。Thenewlawforbidssmokinginoffices.

新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。

Ourschoolforbids_____,thatistosay,wearenotallowed_____atschool.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.students’smoking;smokingC.students’tosmoke;smokingD.students’smoking;tosmoke【解析】选D。句意：我们学校禁止吸烟，也就是说，我们不允许在上学期间吸烟。forbid与allow的用法类似，forbid/allowsb.todosth.,forbid/allow（sb.’s）doingsth.。3.Hisownpride______himtoaskArthur’shelp.A.allowsB.forcesC.forbidsD.promises【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。allow允许;force强迫;forbid禁止;promise许诺。句意：他的骄傲阻止他向亚瑟求助。根据句意可知选C。2．Manystudentswanttoliveoutsidetheschool，buttheschool________themtodosoconsideringtheirsafety.A．stops B．preventsC．discourages D．forbids【解析】

stop/prevent/discouragesb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。forbidsb.todosth.意为“禁止某人做某事”。【答案】

D2．Thestudentsareforbidden，unlesstheyhavespecialpasses，________after11p．m..A．ofstayingout B．tostayoutC．stayingout D．stayout解析：句意是：学生们被禁止晚上11点以后在外面逗留，除非有特别的许可证。此句要用sb.isforbiddentodosth.句式，动词不定式tostayout作主语补足语。答案：B4．spotn．地点；场所；斑点；污点v．发现；认出；弄脏；玷辱①Ifinallyspottedmyfriendinthecrowd.我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友。onthespot当场，立即；在现场bespottedwith满是……斑点highspot最精彩的部分②Luckilytherewasadoctoronthespotwhentheaccidenthappened.幸运的是事发时现场有一位医生。③Hisbootswerespottedwithmud.他的靴子上沾有泥点。

Youmustlearnto_____troubleaheadandpreventit.［2010金华模拟］A.getinto B.spotC.have D.getridof【解析】选B。句意为：你一定要学会发现问题并进行预防。此处spot为动词，意为“发现”，符合题意。4．Whenthethieffoundthepolicehadalready________him，heranawayquickly.A．realized B．knownC．spotted D．stared【解析】

句意为：当这个贼发觉警察已认出他的时候，他迅速逃走了。realize意识到；know认识，知道；stare凝视；spot有“发现，认出”之意。【答案】

C5．viewn．风景，景色；(个人的)看法v．把……视为；看；观看饱览①Inmyview，itwasawasteoftime.依我看，这是浪费时间。②Inviewofhiscondition，Idonotthinkthatheshouldgo.从他的情况来看，我认为他不该去。③Thesepeoplewereviewedastheirbestfriends.这些人被视为他们最好的朋友。Asweroundedthebendintheriver，thecastlecameintoview.我们绕过河的转弯处，城堡便出现在眼前。活学活用——用上述词填空(1)The____fromthetopofthetowerisbreathtaking.(2)The______aftertheearthquakewashorrible.(3)Wehaveseenthehistorical_______ofLondon.(4)The_________oneseesbyboatalongtheChangjiangThreeGorgesismarvellous.viewscenesightsscenery5．________thelatearrivalofthetrain，weshallhavetochangeourmeetingtotomorrow.A．Because B．OnaccountC．Consider D．Inviewof【解析】句意为：由于火车晚点，我们不得不把会议改为明天举行。若选A项，应为Becauseof；若选B项，应为Onaccountof；若选C项，应为Considering。【答案】

D1.Whenthewaterfallcameinto______,allthetravellers,thoughtired,camealive.A.powerB.viewC.fashionD.effect【解析】选B。comeintopower上台;comeintoview进入视野;comeintofashion流行起来;comeintoeffect开始生效。句意：当瀑布进入视野时,所有的旅行者,虽然很累,但是都活跃起来了。4．Shanghai，________thewestcoastofthePacificOcean，iswell­knownforits“theOrientalPearl”．A．locating B．locatingonC．locatedat D．locatedon解析：locate意为“使……坐落于”，常用于被动语态belocatedin/on；又因上海在太平洋西海岸，在海岸线上用介词on。此处locatedon相当于一个非限制性定语从句“whichislocatedon...”。答案：Dontheedgeof，attheedgeof(1)ontheedgeof“在……的边上,即将”，指在物体的表面之上。(2)attheedgeof指“在……的边缘”，并不特指在物体的表面之上。①Theylivedinabighouseattheedgeofthetown.它们住在城边的一座大屋子里。②Wornout，shewasalreadyontheedgeofsleep.她累极了，已经快要睡着了。1．attheedgeof在……的边缘3．Hewas______theedgeofsuccesswhentheunexpectedaccidenthappened.A．at B．inC．from D．on答案：D2.at(the)least至少；起码；不管怎样；无论如何notintheleast一点也不tosaytheleast(ofit)

[插入语]至少可以这样说，退一步说leastofall尤其是，最不at(the)most至多①He'sgoingawayforatleastaweek.他至少一星期出去一次。②

Icanpayyou10poundsat(the)most.我最多付你10英镑。Youarenotdisturbingmeintheleast.你一点也没有打扰到我。完成句子①Atleast（至少）youshouldtellmeyourtruesituation.②—WouldyoumindmyturningtheTVon?—Notintheleast（一点都不介意）.2．Thehousestillneededalotofwork，but________thekitchenwasfinished.A．instead B．altogetherC．atonce D．atleast解析：句意是：这所房子仍然需要做许多工作，但至少厨房已完工了。根据句意推断，用atleast表示“至少”。instead代替；altogether一起；atonce立刻。答案：D1．—I’msorryforthetrouble.—Not________.A．atleast B．inleastC．attheleast D．intheleast【解析】

notintheleast一点也不，相当于notatall，符合语境。【答案】

D2．—Haseverystudentpassedthefinalexam?—No.Unfortunately，________threefromeachclasshasfailed.A．noleastthan B．nomorethanC．atleast D．byleast【解析】

at(the)least意思是“至少，不少于”。nomorethan的意思是“仅仅，只有”，含有嫌该数字少的意味，而unfortunately的意思是“不幸地”，含义是不希望有学生考试不及格。【答案】

C3．getakickoutof从……中得到乐趣①Hegetsakickoutofplayingfootball.他从踢足球中得到了乐趣。②Idon'texpecttowinwhenIbet—Idoitforkicks.打赌时我并不想赢——我是为了寻求刺激。③Thematchkicksoffat3o'clock.比赛3点开始。④Hehasbeenkickedoutoftheclub.他被开除出俱乐部。Hekickedat/againstthetreatmenthewasreceiving.对他受到的待遇他表示抗议。

Ican’tbelievethatGlen’swifekickedhimout.我无法相信格伦的太太把他撵了出去。活学活用Somesmokersfinditsurprisinglydifficultto____thehabit.A.kickoutofB.kickC.getakickoutofD.kickoff解析

kickthehabit为固定搭配，指“戒除恶习”，符合题意,故选B项;A项指“把……开除”;C项指“从……中得到乐趣”;D项指“(足球比赛)开球”。BⅡ.单项填空1．Alanisfondofhispresentjob.Hemustgetareal______outofhiswork.A．kick B．pleasureC．happiness D．satisfaction解析：kick“乐趣”；pleasure“乐趣”；happiness“幸福，喜悦”；satisfaction“满足”，四个选项中只有kick可以用在短语getakickof...(从……中获得乐趣)中。如用其他词的话，必须把a去掉，因为其他词都是不可数名词。答案：A

Hegetsagooddealof_____outofmotor-racing.A.hit B.kickC.beat D.strike【解析】选B。句意为：他从摩托车比赛中得到了很多乐趣。getakickoutof为固定搭配，意为“从……中得到乐趣”。

Hisvoicewas_____withexcitement.A.fullB.richC.heavyD.short【解析】选C。句意为：他的声音满含激动。beheavywith为固定搭配，意为“有大量的……；充满……”。 gothroughHewouldgothroughfireandwaterforhiscountry.经历，经受Hehasgonethroughagreatdealinhislife.Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.Afteryoufinishthetest，gothroughitagaintolookformistakes.仔细检查，审查Canthetablegothroughthedoor?通过，穿过Howlongwillittakeyoutogothroughthebook?花完，用掉3．—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.—Oh，dear！She________alotofdifficulties!A．maygothroughB．mightgothroughC．oughttohavegonethroughD．musthavegonethrough【解析】

“musthave＋过去分词”表示“(过去)一定……”，是对过去发生的动作的肯定判断。根据上文“studyingwildanimalsfor13years”可判断出一定遇到了许多困难。【答案】

D4．She________hisjacketandatlastfoundthekeys.A．wentthrough B．wentoverC．wentaway D．wentdown【解析】句意为：“她仔细地检查了他的夹克衫口袋，终于找到了钥匙。”【答案】

AⅠ.选词填空inthedistance，ripoff，beheavywith，onthespot，takeadvantageof，gothrough1．Theyreally________usatthathotel!2．Hewashitbyafallingtreeandkilled________．3．Theseorangetrees________fruitsthisyearbecauseofthefineweather.4．Peter________hisvisittoParistoimprovehisFrench.5．Hethoughtithisdutyto________thepapers.6．Icouldseeaweaklight________.答案：1.rippedoff

2.onthespot

3.areheavywith

4．tookadvantageof

5.gothrough

6.inthedistance1．HeandacolleagueweretospendtwoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院任教英语两年。betodosth.在此处表示按照计划或根据安排将要做某事。 betodosth.的用法：(1)按计划或安排将要做某事(2)表示“命令”，责任，应当/必须做某事(3)表(日后)注定、不可避免地要做某事(4)在if，asif引导的(虚拟)条件句中表“假设、打算或意图”①Theyaretopayavisittotheteachertogetherattentomorrowmorning.他们明天上午十点钟一起去看这位老师。②Weweretohavetoldyou，butyouwerenotin.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。③Thismedicineistobetakenthreetimesaday.这种药一天要服三次。④Einstein'stheorywastochangetheviewstotheuniverse.爱因斯坦的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。⑤Ifitweretoraintomorrow，thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.如果明天下雨，运动会就会延期。【特别提示】

如果表示未曾实现的打算或计划，要用was/weretohavedone形式。2．Insuchdryweather，theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey________.A．havesurvived B．aretosurviveC．wouldsurvive D．willsurvive【解析】在条件状语从句中，谓语动词不能用一般将来时，但可以用betodo结构。虽然if从句中可以用现在完成时，但放在此语境中不适合。因为并不表示花已经幸存。【答案】

B

Noone_____thisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.［2010合肥模拟］A.isleaving B.istoleaveC.hasleft D.willbeleaving【解析】选B。句意为：未经警察允许任何人不得离开大楼。betodosth.表示“必须/应当做某事”符合题意。1．Youarenot________inwithoutpermission.A．come B．tocomeC．coming D．tobecome解析：由句意可知，此处指“不许”，故用be＋nottodo结构。答案：B2．Denis，whois78，hasmadeitknownthatmuchofhiscollection________tothenation.A．hasleft B．istoleaveC．leaves D．istobeleft解析：根据题意“他要把他的收藏品的大部分留给国家。”betodo在此表示计划，且使用被动形式。答案：D2．I'mallowedtostickoneinonlyifI'vebeeninaplaceformorethan24hours.只有待在一个地方超过24小时我才能钉一个图钉。onlyif意为“只有；只要”，引导条件状语从句，only起强调作用；当onlyif位于句首时，主句要用倒装句式。ifonly意为“但愿，要是……就好了”，主要用于虚拟语气中，表示强烈的愿望或非真实的条件。表达的愿望与现在或将来事实相反时，谓语动词用一般过去式；与过去事实相反时，谓语动词用过去完成式。①Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom.只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进入这间屋子。②Onlyifweareofonemindcanwegetthesuccessfinally.只有大家同心协力，我们才能最终取得胜利。③Ifonlytheywouldtellmewhattheyhavedecided.但愿他们能把决定告诉我。④IfonlyIhadacar，Icouldleavetheplace.要是我有一辆车，我就能离开这个地方了。1.______itkeepsdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.［2011上海模拟］A.OnlyifB.EvenifC.AsifD.Ifonly【解析】选A。此题干中的主句是willPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies,由句子结构可以看出主句是部分倒装句,在这四个选项中只有当onlyif引导的状语从句位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。故选A。3．Heiseasytogetalongwith，________that，heisadeterminedboy.A．Apartfrom B．BesideC．Except D．Inaddition解析：句意是：他很容易相处，除此之外，他也是一个有决心的孩子。apartfromthat除此之外；beside改为besides；except表示“排除”关系，不合题意；inaddition后面要加介词to。答案：A

Ioftenseehim_____footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.plays【解析】选A。seesb./sth.后接“do,doing或done”，由此可排除C、D两项；play和him之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且强调经常性动作，而不强调动作正在进行，因此选A项。活学活用Manyexpertsattendedtheconference,mostofthem____theUnitedStates.A.camefromB.comingfromC.havecomeD.hadcomefrom解析根据句子中的“,”知，逗号后不能是一个句子,而前后的主语又不同,故用独立主格结构,them和come之间是主谓关系,所以用comingfrom。

B1．Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool，theirlessons________fortheday.A．finishing B．finishedC．hadfinished D．werefinished【解析】本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语theirlessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。【答案】

B本单元语法——复习情态动词1．(2009年重庆第一次诊断)MyMP4hasdisappeared.Who________havetakenitaway?A．could B．shouldC．must D．might【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我的MP4不见了，会是谁把它拿走了呢？此处couldhavedone表示“可能做过某事”。shouldhavedone表