初中九年级英语动词不定式和宾语从句语法

动词不定式动词不定式无人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语，其构成为“to+动词原形”，否定式为“notto+动词原形”。当我们要表达“想要做某事wanttodosth.、需要做某事needtodosth.或决定做某事decidetodosth.”时，就会出现两个动词连用的情况。一.动词不定式在句子中作主语。.不定式作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。Tolearnaforeignlanguugeful.这里的tolearnaforeignlanguage是动词不定式，在句子中作主语。为了避免主语太长，谓语太短，一般会用it作形式主语，后面以不定式作实际主语，即It+形容词/名词+todosth.o如上句可改写为：Itisusefultolearnaforeignlanguage.例：Itisdifficulttospeakaforeignlanguagewell.=Tospeakaforeignlanguagewellisdifficult.Itisnecessarytorememberenoughwords.=Torememberenoughwordsisnecessary..带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。（复合不定式结构：有时为了指明不定式动作的逻辑主语，即动作的执行者，常用介词for或of引导出逻辑主语，其一般形式为：itis+形容词+for/of+名词或物主代词+todo.）如：Howtomakerequestspolitelyisimportant.如何有礼貌地提出请求很重要。Wheretogoisnotdecidedyet.要去哪里还没做出决定。It'sgoodforyoutowalkaftersupper.晚饭后散步对你是有益的。It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能帮助我真是太好了。二.动词不定式在句子中作宾语。.不定式作宾语是及物动词后带to的不定式，表明意图、希望或决定的内容等。我们常见的动宾结构是“动词+todosth.”。通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree（同意）；offer（提出）；intend,plan（打算，计划）；demand,ask（要求）；promise（答应）；help（帮忙）；prepare（准备）；decide（决定）；refuse（拒绝）；dare（敢于）；choose（选择）；wish,hope,want,expect（希望，想要）；fail；（不能；忘记）；pretend（假装）；manage（设法）；determine（决心）。如：Heagreedtohelpus.他同意帮助我们。Myparentsofferedtotakeusaroundtheteahouse我的父母主动提出带我们去参观茶馆。Weallhopetoseethegreatmusician.我们都希望见到那位伟大的音乐家。.特殊疑问词与不定式常连用作宾语，在功能上相当于一个宾语从句。这些词为：know,decide,ask,forget,get,remember,like,learn,think,tell,want,wish,advise,show等。如：Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该怎么办。Ihaven’tdecidedhowtogothere.我还没决定怎样去那里。Themapcanshowyouwheretogo.这张地图可以告诉你往哪走。.动词feel,believe,find,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语,把真正的宾语（动词不定式）放在句末。句子结构是...feel/find/make/...it+adj./n.+todo...。如：Idon'tthinkitrighttodoitinthatway我觉得以那种方式去做是不恰当的。Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.我发现与他相处不是件容易的事。.既能接不定式，又能接动词-ing形式，但意思不同的动词或词组：口诀：四记力争不后悔。四“记”指“记得、记住（remember）”；“忘记（forget）”“计划、打算（mean）”；“继续（goon）”；力争指“try”；“不”“后悔”指stop与regret。如：Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不记得以前见过那个人吗？（已见过）Youmustremembertoleavetomorrow你可要记着是明天动身。（还未离开）Iforgotclosingthedooryesterday.我忘记我昨天把门关了。（关了门，但是忘了）Iforgottodomyhomeworklastnight.我昨天晚上忘记做作业了。（实际上没有做）三.动词不定式作表语动词不定式放在系动词后作表语，常说明主语的身份，职业，性质，内容或特征，常用来表示预定要发生的动作，也可用来表示未来的可能和假设。如：Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打扫房间。Hisdreamistobeadoctor.他的梦想是当一名医生。Itseemstobeaninterestingbook.它看起来是本有趣的书。四.动词不定式作定语1.动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例如:Whowasthefirstonetoarrive?谁第一个到的？（修饰thefirstone）Pandashavelessandlesslandtoliveon.大熊猫可生存的面积越来越小。（修饰land）ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistouseit.学英语最好的方法是使用它。（句尾不定式作表语）2.动词不定式作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：Shehasnopapertowriteon.她没有纸写字。Ihavenochairtositon.我没有椅子坐。Wehavenohousestolivein.我们没有房子住。五、动词不定式用作状语1.做原因状语，某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词后跟不定式，表示原因，如：I'mgladtoseeyou.见到你我很高兴。Theyweresurprisedtofindthatnobodywasinthehouse.发现屋子里空无一人，他们很奇怪。2.做目的状语，常用于强调动词的目的，如：todo,inorderto,soasto,so（such）…asto…（如此 以便 ）例句：Shecametoseemeyesterday.她昨天来看我了。Shearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.她到得很早，图的就是弄个好座位。Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。置于何首置于句末引导结果状语从句todo,<inordertodo<VsoastodoVVTheystartedearlysoastogetthereintime.（正）Soastogetthereintime,theystartedearly.误）3.作结果状语，通常用于so+形容词或副词+asto,such+名词+asto,too„to,enoughto和onlyto等结构。如：Theboyistooyounytogotoschool.这个男孩太小而不能上学。Wouldyoubesokindastodomeafavor?请你帮我一下好吗？Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.这个男孩够大了，可以自己照顾自己。Ihurriedtohishouse,onlytofindhimout.我急急忙忙赶到他家，结果却发现他不在家。（表事先没有预料到的，不定式要放在句子后面。）六.不定式作宾语补足语.动词后跟一个宾语+todo…构成句子，否定形式为“动词+宾语+nottodo…”。例如：Ididn'texpectyoutoarriveheresosoon.我没有料到你会来得这么快。Pleaseremindmenottobelateforthemeeting.请提醒我开会不要迟到。.感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,listento,lookat及使役动词make,have,let等后面常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但这类动词用于被动结构（have不用于被动结构）时，则不定式要带to。例如：Hesawherentertheroom.我看见她进了房间。Iheardherlockthedoor.我听见她锁上了门。Achildwasseentoenterthebuilding.有人看见一个孩子进入大楼。Shewasoftenheardtosingthissong.经常听到她唱这首歌。动词不定式专题练习Thiscompanywasthefirstportableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.A.producingB.toproduce C.havingproducedD.producedThepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,itmoredifficult.A.notmakingB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.nortomakeHelenhadtoshoutabovethesoundofthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheardIdon,tknowwhetheryouhappen,butIamgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A.tobeheard.B.tobebearingC.tohearD.tohaveheardThenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,onlythefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldYouweresillynotyourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglockedTheteacheraskedussomuchnoise.A.don/tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeAnarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenorderedclearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.A.toissueB.beingissuedC.tohaveissuedD.tobeissuedI’dratherhavearoomofmyown,howeversmallitis,thanaroomwithsomeoneelse.A.toshare B.tohaveshared C.shareD.sharingThebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaperinbroaddaylightyesterday.A.robbedB.tohavebeenrobbedC.beingrobbedD.havingbeenrobbedAnumberofpaintingsinthecastlearebelievedinafire.A.beingdestroyedB.havingbeendestroyedC.tobedestroyedD.tohavebeendestroyedThemeetingnextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplaceAsaresultofmylaziness,Ifailedmyworkintime.A.andfinishedB.tofinishC.andfinishingD.tofinishedIamsorrywrittenyoualetteratthetime.A.tohavenot B.tonothave C.nottohave D.nothavingWillyoulendhimamagazine?A.tobereadB.forreadingC.toread D.hereadHecoulddonothingbutforthebus.A.wait,tocomeB.wait;comeC.waiting;comingD.waited;came.Itisaproblemthatdoesn'tneedrightnow.A.tosolveB.solving C.beingsolvedD.tobesolvingThere,samanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeanstrouble.A.makingB.tomakeC.tohavemadeD.havingmade19.Irememberhimthebikeneeded.A.hearing,saying,torepair B.tohear,say,torepairC.hearing,say,repairing D.tohear,saying,toberepaired---Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.---1meant,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingsoRobertissaidtoabroad,butIdon,tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyB.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyingI’mgongtoXi,annextweek.Haveyouanythingtoyourparents?A.totakeB.tobetakenC.tobeboughttoD.tobuy23.whenaretheyintheirplan?A.handB.handedC.tohandD.giveInsuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurvivedD.willsurviveWhenwehurriedtothestation,therehappenednobusatthattime.A.tohaveB.tobeC.having D.beingIlostmywayincompletedarknessand,mattersworse,itbegantorain.A.madeB.havingmadeC.makingD.tomakeAttimedoesthesalesgirlgetuplateinthemorning,thoughsheisalwaystoobusyagoodrest.A.no,totakeB.no,takingC.any,totakeD.one,taking--Areyouastudent?--No,butIused. A.tobeB.towasC.todoD.tobeaIstoppedtolisten,andmysonseemedhimselfinthelivingroom.A.toenjoy,toshut B.tobeenjoying,shuttingC.tobeenjoying,shutD.tohaveenjoyed,havingshutWithalotofdifficultproblems,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettle D.beingsettledWe,releavingatsixo,clock,andhopemostofthejourneybylunchtime.A.todoB.tohavedoneC.tomake D.tohavemadeThestudyofthewildworldmayhelptomaketheworldeasier.A.understoodB.tobeunderstoodC.tounderstandD.understandWhowillyougettheprojectforus?A.designB.todesignC.designedD.designingItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknow.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithitWearenotallowedoutdoorswithsomeotherchildren.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.toplayD.beplayingAllenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwastocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchShefeelssostronglythateachofusshouldhavearoleinmakingtheearthabetterplacetolivein.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying38.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson.A.tosendB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingittoDoletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappearseverything.A.totellB.tobetold C.tobetellingD.tohavebeentoldTherearefivepairs,butI,matalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing宾语从句定义：一个完整的句子在另一句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,：Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.（动词宾语）HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.动词宾语）MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.（介词宾语）一、宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid（that）hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn,tknow（that）sheisseriouslyill. Iamsure（that）hewillsucceed..由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon,tknowwhythetrainislate..由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否〃，二者通常可以互换。例：Iwanttoknowif（whether）helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether（if）Icouldhelphim.但语义有点区别：whether的范围比if广，whether强调犹豫和选择，多见于书面语中；if只限于条件，常用于口语。whether可引导各种名词性从名和让步状语从句，if只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句。例如：WriteandtellmewhetherI'mtocome.请写信告诉我，我是否该来。WriteandtellmeifI'mtocome.如果我该来，请写信告诉我（相当于说：若我不必来，那就不用费心写信给我了。）二、宾语从句的时态.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idon'think（that）youareright. Doyouthinkhewillcometomorrow?.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas. HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeeting..如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.专题练习：（ ）1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit（ ）2.—Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeIcangettotheSpaceMuseum太空博物馆）?--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.where B.how C.if D.why（ ）3.—Doyouknowthenewmobilephonelastweek?--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor（ ）4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat,shesucceeds.A.what B.when C.why D.where( )5.--Excuseme,couldyoutellme?--Certainly.Gostraightaheadandyou,llseeitonyour1ft.A.wherethepostofficeis B.whenyouwillvisitthemuseumC.whereisthepostoffice D.whenwillyouvisitthemuseum( )6.—Doyouknowthegirlinredis?—I'mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.when B.how C.where D.what( )7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?--TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.when B.that C.how D.what( )8.Iwanttoknow.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairport B.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveat D.whentheairportshouldwearriveat( )9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme?--At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave( )10.--Doyouthinkaconcertinourschoolhallthisweekend?--Yes,therewill.A.therewillhaveB.therewillbeC.willtherebeD.willtherehave( )11.Idon,tknowifmyuncle.Ifhe,Iwillbeveryhappy.A.comes;willcomeB.willcome;willcomeC.comes;comesD.willcome;comes( )12.--Tommy,doyouknowifFranktothezoothisSundayifit?--Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine( )13.Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlike D.whatmanwilllooklike( )14.Suetoldmethatsheshoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone( )15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost中考真题链接：( )1.Doyouknowduringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid( )2.Iwanttoknow.A.whatishisnameB.what,shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis( )3.DoyouknowIcouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which( )4.Jimdoesn/tunderstand.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping( )5.---Couldyoutellmesheislookingfor?A.thatB.whose C.whoD.which( )6.Mr.Kingdidn,tknowyesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehome B.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehome D.whenhissoncamehome( )7.Couldyoutellmethebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend( )8.---I,mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknowitwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00. A.howB.whereC.whenD.what( )9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It,snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostoffice B.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostoffice D.howcouldwegettothepostoffice( )10.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes.I,dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellmetaketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit( )11.Hewantedtoknow.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting B.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe,sgoingtodoatthemeeting D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld( )12.---CouldyoutellmetheBambooGarden?---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit( )13.Wouldyoupleasetellmenext,MrWang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat( )14.Youcan,timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited( )15.Iwanttoknowyouwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether( )16.---Couldyoutellme?---Sorry,Idon'tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting B.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeeting D.whathesaidatthemeeting( )17.---Couldyoutellmelastnight?---Er,Iwaswatchingamovieathome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing( )18.Iwantedtoknow,butnoonewouldliketotellme.A.whatdidtheoldmansay B.whattheoldmanneedC.whatdidtheoldmanwant D.whattheoldmanmeant( )19.Everymorningthepatientsareaskediftheirtemperaturetaken.A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad( )20.Myphysicsteachersaidthatlightfasterthansound.A.travel B.travels C.traveled期末复习题语言知识运用(35分)—Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem?

——Certainly.A.somebottlesofwaters B.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwater D.somebottlesofwater——Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework.——Let/sdoit.A.herself B.myself C.ourselves D.itself——MayIspeaktoJack?——Sorry,heMacaoandhewillbebackinthreedays.A.hasbeento B.hasgonetoC.hasbeen D.haswentto——Excuseme.Doyouhaveatablefortwo?—I’msorry,therearen’tanyseatsnow.Wouldyoumindwaitingforawhile?A.but B.and C.or D.so——InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreimportantthanspeaking,Ithink.—Idon’tagree.Speakingisreading.A.themostimportantB.soimportantasC.assameasD.asimportantas31.——Wouldyouliketousaboutyourfavouritepet?——Sure,I’dliketo. A.speak——isitfromyourhometoschool?———Sure,I’dliketo. A.speak——isitfromyourhometoschool?—Notfar,about400metres.A.Howlong一Couldyoutellme?—BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.A.whydoyougotoTibet.C.whyareyougoingtoTibetIfheB.talk C.sayD.tellB.HowfarC.HowsoonD.HowmuchB.whydidyougotopTibet.D.whyyouaregoingtoTibetearlytomorrow,hewon’tmissthefirstbus.doesn’tleaveleavesC.willleaveD.leavedoesn’tleaveleavesC.willleaveD.leaveJohnsawsomepeopleintothehouseacoldwinternight.A.break;in B.break;onC.broke;in D.broke;on——BasketballisthemostpopulargameinAmerica.—inChina.A.SodoesitB.SoitdoesC.SoisitD.Soitis.——youoftentoyourclassmates’birthdayparty?—Sometimes.A.WillinvitedB.CaninviteC.AreinvitedD.Doinvite38.——Howaboutthemovie“AWorldWithoutThieves”?—Somepeoplethinkit’smoving;thinkit’sexciting.A.others B.other C.each D.another.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?Thispairofshoesdoesn’tfitformewell.It’sonlytenminute’swayfrommyhometomyoffice.Hemaybeknowtheanswer.Anumberofstudentswerehavingalessonatthattime..Whichofthefollowingsentencesiswrong?Letusgoforawalk,willyou?TherewillhaveanEnglishfilmtonight..Neitherofthemhasgotabike.Whatgoodnewsitis!完形填空.（10分，共10小题，每小题1分）Agroupofstudentsweregivingatalkinthefrontoftheclassroom.Thekidnexttomebegan41adirtysonginmyear.Icouldn,treallypay42bythistime.Soon,allfourofusatourtablewerelaughing.Theteachercameover43,notknowing44wewerelaughing.Thiskid,snamewasPatrick.Healwaystoldlotsofjokes,45theteachersdidn,tlikehim.Heisnottheonlyone.Aweekago,aboynamedDakota46atap（水龙头）.Weweretakingnotes,andtheteacherdidn/tseehim.Ittookawhilefortheteachertofindoutwhatwashappening.The47wasrunningoverthetopofthetable.IthoughttheteacherwasgoingtothrowDakotaoutoftheclass.Butintheend,sheneverfoundout 48_ashim.Thesekindsofpeoplemaketrouble.ButIthinkeveryclassneedstroublemakers,or49funnywouldeverhappenatschool.Wherewouldwebe50them?41.A.singingB.writingC.preparingD.blowing42.A.moneyB.noticeC.attentionD.respect43.A.scarilyB.strangelyC.worriedlyD.angrily44.A.whatB.whyC.howD.when45.A.orB.andC.butD.still46.A.turnedupB.turneddownC.turnedoffD.turnedon47.A.foodB.waterC.milkD.medicine48.A.whoB.thisC.itD.he49.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything50.A.withB.butC.unlessD.without补全对话。（10分，共10小题，每小题1分）Motorolaismorepopular,Ithink.Iwantone,newerbutnottooexpensive.Ihavetoaskfor900yuan.CanIhelpyou?Whattypewouldyoulike?MymobilephoneisMotorola.Howmuchisit?A:Goodmorning!51 .B:Yes,please.I,mlookingforamobilephone,butIhavenoidea.A：We,vegotallkindsofmobilephoneshere.Whichdoyouprefer,Siemens,NokiaorMotorola?B:Ireallyknowlittleaboutthem.Whichonesellsbestthesedays?Mm--- 52 .HowmuchisMotorola?53 Thenewer,themoreexpensive.54 .Whataboutthisone?Itlooksniceandworkswell.Howmuchisit?1,000yuan.Anydiscount?Howabout850yuan?55 .That,sthebestwecando.OK?OK.I’lltakeit.阅读理解(共30分)(A)Inmostpartsoftheworld,manystudentshelptheirschoolsmakelesspollution(污^).Theyjoin"environmentclubs(环境俱乐部)"Inanenvironmentclub,peopleworktogethertomakeourenvironmentclean.,Herearesomethingsstudentsoftendo.No-garbage(垃圾)lunches.Howmuchdoyouthrowawayafterlunch?Environmentclubsaskstudentstobringtheirlunchesinbagsthatcanbeusedagain.Everyweektheywillchoosetheclassesthatmaketheleastgarbageandreportthemtothewholeschool!No-carday.Onano-carday,nobodycomestoschoolinacar—notthestudentsandnottheteachers!Carsgivepollutiontoourair,soremember:Walk,jump,bikeorrun.Useyourlegs!It'slotsoffun!•Turnoffthewater!Didyouknowthatsometoiletscanwaste(浪费)twentytofortym3ofwateranhour?Inayear,thatwouldfillasmallriver!Inenvironmentclubs,studentsmendthosebrokentoilets.Weloveourenvironment.Let'sworktogethertomakeitclean.61.Environmentclubsaskstudents.(A)toruntoschooleveryday. (B)totakeexerciseeveryday(C)nottoforgettotakecars (D)nottothrowawaylunchbagsFromthepassageweknowthestudentsusuallyhavelunch..(A)atschool (B)inshops(C)inclubs (D)athomeOnano-carday,willtakeacartoschool.(A)bothstudentsandteachers (B)onlystudents(C)neitherstudentsnorteachers (D)onlyteachersAfterstudentsmendtoilets,theysave.(A)asmallriver(B)aclub (C)alotofwater(D)atoiletThewriterwrotethepassagetoaskstudentsto.(A)cleanschools (B)makelesspollution(C)joinclubs (D)helpteachers(B)To:jenny@compmail.caFrom:Li-Ming@Subject:Autumn!Date:29/09 8:02PMHello,Jenny!Iloveautumn!Mid-AutumnFestivalisthisweek.Wewillwatchthemoontonight,andlookforChang'eandWuGang.Mymotherboughtmooncakes,andIhaveeatenmanyofthem!NationalDay(国庆节)isalsointheautumn,onOctober1.Mymotherandfatherwillnothavetoworkforthreedays!Wewilldomanythingstogether.IlikegoingtotheNationalDaycelebration(庆祝).Butthebestthinginautumnismybirthday；itisinOctober.Iwillbefifteenyearsold.Good-byefornow,LiMingTo:Li-Ming@To:Li-Ming@Date:29/099:12PMDearLiMing,Thankyouforyoure-mail!Iloveautumn,too.InCanada,wehaveanautumnholidaycalledThanksgiving.FamiliesalwayscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Iwillgotomygrandmotherandgrandfather'shouse.Myuncles,auntsandtheirchildrenwillbethere,too.CanadianThanksgivingisinearlyOctober.IntheU.S.,theycelebrateThanksgivinginlateNovember.Haveagoodtimeonyourbirthday,LiMing!Onmybirthday,Ihaveacakewithcandles.Everyonesings"HappyBirthday".ThenIblowoutthecandles!Willyouhavecakesonyourbirthday?Yourfriend,Jenny66.WhenisLiMing'sbirthday?(A)OnSeptember29 (B)InSeptember.)BeforeSeptember29 (D)AfterSeptember29.AmericacelebratesThanksgivinglaterthanCanada.(A)onemonth (B)lessthantwomonths(C)twomonths (D)morethantwomonthsWhatdoCanadiansusuallydoonThanksgiving?(A)Eatcakes. (B)Staytogether.(C)Watchthemoon. (D)Singthesong.WhenJennyblowsoutthecandles,they.(A)stopburning(B)startburning (C)arebroken (D)arecutWhatmustLiMingandJennyusew