高二下学期英语语法专题学案：名词

语法专题一：名词第第页PAGE高二年级英语学案编号(G001)评价：学生姓名：课题：名词授课教师：上课时间：第周一.分类：可数名词和不可数名词。1.可数名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。2.不可数名词的三个特点： 1）不可数名词永远按单数处理；2）不可数名词量词可数；3）当重量/金钱/距离/时间作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Twodays_______(be)tooshortforustoenjoythejourney.Millionsofdollars_______(be)stoleninthebanklastnight.二.可数名词变复数口诀：五明，五暗，四小鬼，八国联军1.五明: 1）一般情况下加s。 2）以s,x,sh,ch结尾___________(box______,bus_______) 3）以f或fe结尾_________(leaf______knife_____) 4)以y结尾时，原音加y时，直接加s；辅音加y时，_____________.5)以o结尾时，一般情况下加s;加es的是：黑人_________英雄_______爱吃西红柿________土豆________和芒果________2.五暗： 1)两个词单复同型：_______,________2)fish__________(鱼肉)___________(鱼的种类)____________(鱼的条数)3)ox__________（公牛）cattle__________（牛的统称）4)mouse________stomach_________5)foot_______tooth_______goose________3.四小鬼：chick________chicken________man________woman_________4.八国联军：中日不变，英法变，其他s加后面 1)Chinese _____________Japanese___________2)Englishman_____________ Frenchwoman___________3)American_____________· Australian___________Russian _____________German ___________Eg:1.Whendidthese______cometovisitourvillage?LastOctober.A.Americans B.American C.Americen D.Americas2.Therearealotof_______

downtherebuthardlyany_______

．A.sheeps;people B.sheep;people C.sheeps;peoples D.sheep;peoples3.I’msorryIamlate.IhopeIdidn’tcauseyou_____.A.toomuchtrouble B.somanytroubles C.muchtootrouble D.somoretroubles4.Acowhastwo_____.A.stomach B.stomachs C.stomachesD.stomachies三.八大永不可数名词(不加s/不能用a/an直接修饰)newsinformationadviceweatherprogresstroublefunworkEg:Swimmingis______insummer.agreatfun B.greatfun C.greatfuns D.greatafun四.十二大变形金刚有些名词既是不可数名词，又可作可数名词，但词义不同。例如：room空间rooms房间 makeroomfor_____________hair头发hairs零星几根头发paper纸papers报纸、文件、论文、试卷glass玻璃glasses眼镜、玻璃杯time时间times时代、次数、倍数exercise锻炼exercises练习 domorningexercises做早操experience经验experiences经历work工作works著作wood木头woods树林water水waters水域custom风俗customs海关stone石头(材料)stones石头五．名词所有格1.基本规则：有生命的名词所有格用____________；Eg:Tom’sschoolbagtheboys’room 没有生命的所有格用__________. Eg:thedoorofthehouseamapofChina2.分类：1）单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词一般加’sEg:_____________;______________2）以s结尾的名词，不管是单数还是复数，可直接加’Eg:_____________;______________3.用法：1）职业所有格：面包店____________牙科诊所___________肉铺____________理发店（给女人理发）_____________理发店（给男人理发）_______________家庭所有格:theSmith’s_____________theSmiths_____________3）分家所有格:共有：AandB’s Eg:ThisisTomandBob’sroom.各自所有：A’sandB’s Eg:TheseareTom’sandBob’srooms.4）另类所有格:表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命的名词其所有格也可以加’s,如：threehours’walk;Beijing’sweather；today’snewspaper一次三天的假期_____________________Eg:1.In_______

time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees,too．fewyears

B.afewyears'C.afewyearD.afewyear'sThemarketisn'tfarfromhere．It'sonly_______

bicycleride．A.halfanhours’

B.halfanhour's

C.halfanhour

D.anhourandahalf5）双重所有格，用“of+’s”的形式我爸爸的一个朋友_________________我的一个朋友_________________他们的一个朋友_________________Eg:Mr.Shuteisafriendof_______

．

A.John'suncle

B.Johnuncle's

C.John'suncle's

D.Johnuncle六．N+N原则(名词修饰名词变复数的原则)当名词修饰名词作定语变复数时，_____________；但是当man或woman做定语___________.anappletree twoappletreesashoestore _____________aboystudent _____________amanteacher _____________awomandoctor _____________Eg:WhatdidJackdoyesterday?Hewenttoa_____tobuyapairofnew_____.A.shoes’shop;shoe B.shoeshop;shoe C.shoesshop;shoes D.shoeshop;shoes七．名词双子座A座：当“—”相连复合形容词作定语时，相连部分永远用__________。aneight-year-oldgirlB座：当“—”相连构成复合名词变复数时，一般情况下s或es加于词尾，但是当中间有表示人的名词时加于此词后。(有人加人后，无人加最后，代词不算人。)