Unit1：学时1高频单词(必修五)

1．________________vt.打败；战胜；使受挫2．________________vt.照顾；护理；出席；3．________________vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4．________________n治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗5．________________vt.吸收；吸引；使专心6．________________vt.责备；谴责n．过失；责备7．________________n柄；把手vt.处理；操纵8．________________vi.&n．连续；联系9．________________vt.&vi.结束；推断出→________________n.结论；结束10．________________n.挑战vt.向……挑战→________________adj.富有挑战性的11．________________vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯12．________________vt.预见；预知→________________v.预报13．________________vt.污染；弄脏→________________n.污染14．________________vt.宣布；通告→________________n.通知；宣告15．________________vt.命令；指示；教导→________________n.指示；说明16．________________vt.建设；；捐助→________________n.贡献18．________________vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→________________n.拒绝；抛弃修建→________________n.建设；建筑物17．________________vt.&vi.捐献；贡献[答案]

1.defeat

2.attend

3.expose

4.cure

5.absorb

6.blame

7.handle

8.link

9.conclude；conclusion

10.challenge；challenging

11.suspect；12.foresee；forecast

13.pollute；pollution

14.announce；announcement

15.instruct；instruction；16.construct；construction

17.contribute；contribution

18.reject；rejection【典例填充】1．FromtheevidenceImust____________________youarewrong.从证据看，我敢断定你错了。[答案]

concludethat2．____________________，Iwisheveryoneacompletesuccess！最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！[答案]

Toconclude3．I________________________________________thathewaslying.我看他是在说谎。[答案]

cametotheconclusion【即学即练】Wehavecometotheconclusion__________thecompanyhasbeenmakinggreatprogressthesemonths.A．which

B．thatC．as D．What[答案]

B考点2

absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；消减；理解；合并【课文如是】

Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.(课本P2)absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意beabsorbedin

专心于……，全神贯注于……beabsorbedby/into

被……吞并；被……吸收【典例填充】1．Iwasso____________________thebookthatIdidn'thearyoucomein.我出神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。[答案]

absorbedin2．Thesurroundingvillageshavebeen____________________thegrowingcity.周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市。[答案]

absorbedby考点3

attendvt.&vi.出席；参加；照料；护理【课文如是】

JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.(课本P2)attendameeting/alecture/school参加会议/报告/上学attendon/uponsb.伺候某人；照顾某人attendto

处理；注意；专心于；照料【比较网站】attend，join，joinin，takepartinattend指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合。join指加入某一组织并成为其中一员。joinin指参加活动，常用作join(sb.)in＋活动。takepartin指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。

【典例填充】1．Hisfathersuggestedthathe__________atechnicalschool.他父亲建议他去上技校。[答案]

attend2．Maryhasattended__________hersickmotherforyears.玛丽多年来一直照顾她有病的母亲。[答案]

on3．Hehasalotofthingsto____________________.他有很多事要处理。[答案]

attendto【即学即练】Withtwochildren__________collegeinthenearbycity，theparentshavetoworkveryhardtoearnenoughmoneytopayfortheireducation.A．attended B．attendingC．joined D．joining[解析]

attendcollege“上大学”；此句中含有with复合结构，children与attend为主动关系，故用现在分词attending。而join表示加入当中成为其中的一员，不符合题意。[答案]

B考点4

defeatvt.打败；战胜n.失败【课文如是】

JohnSnowdefeats“KingCholera”．(课本P2)【比较网站】

win，beat，defeatwin的意思是“赢”、“获胜”、“得到成功”，作及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。win后不能接人(对手)，如不说winsb.。wintherace/thebattle/thewar/aprize/thegame/amedal/success/friendship/reward赢得了赛跑/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏beat也有“赢”、“取胜”、“战胜”之意，但跟win的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。且beat还有连续敲打，(心脏)跳动之意。过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。Hewassonervousthathecouldfeelhisheartbeatingfaster.他如此紧张，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。defeat本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与beat换用，以表示击败对手。Hewasbadlydefeated/beatenintheelection.他在选举中惨败。【典例填充】用win，beat，defeat填空1．Listen!Therainis__________againstthewindow.[答案]

beating2．Ourteam__________thegame8to7.[答案]

won3．You__________meintherace，butI'll__________youattennis.[答案]

beat；defeated【即学即练】ZhangYining__________WangNanandwonthegoldmedalinthe29thOlympicGames.A．won B．defeatC．beat D．hit[解析]

“击败对手”可用beat或defeat，但由got可知，空白处应用过去时，若选B，则应为defeated。[答案]

C考点5

exposev.暴露；揭露；使曝光【课文如是】

Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.(课本P2)【概而括之】常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于(日光、风雨等)；受到风险；使面临”的意思。expose...to使……暴露于，把……暴露于exposesth./sb./oneself(tosth.)显露或暴露某人/某事物/自己beexposedto经受……，……暴露于exposesb.todanger使某人面临危险【典例填充】1．Keepindoorsanddon't____________________________________________________________.留在屋里，不要让皮肤在太阳下暴晒。[答案]

exposeyourskintothesun2．Hedevotedhimselftorescuingtheinjured，thoughhe______________________________manydangers.他全心投入到营救伤员的工作中，尽管他置身于各种各样的危险之中。[答案]

wasexposedto【即学即练】__________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.A．Exposed B．HavingexposedC．Beingexposed D．Afterbeingexposed[解析]

beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtime为v.­ing短语作主语。beexposedto“暴露于……”。[答案]

C考点6

blamevt.责备，谴责，把……归咎于n.过失，责备【课文如是】

Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.(课本P2)【概而括之】

blame作动词时，常用于blamesb.forsth.结构；betoblame中的不定式toblame为主动形式，但是表示被动意义，意思为“应当承担责任”。blamesb.forsth./doingsth.因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人sb.beto_blame(for)(doing)sth.某人应(为……)承担责任，该(为)受责accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任put/play/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人【典例填充】1．__________________________________________________如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？[答案]

Ifyouarenottoblame，thenwhois?2．__________________________________________________我们愿对所发生的事负责。[答案]

Wewerereadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened.3．__________________________________________________如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。[答案]

She'llputtheblameonusifitturnsoutbad.【即学即练】Hisdriver，__________fortheaccident，hadnotbeendrivingcarefully.A．blamed B．beingblamedC．tobeblamed D．blaming[解析]考查过去分词。blamedfortheaccident是过去分词短语作后置定语，blame与所修饰词driver是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。[答案]

A考点7

curevt.治疗n.治愈【课文如是】

Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.(课本P2)acureforsth.治疗……的方法curesb.of＋疾病名称治愈某人的疾病curesb.of＋不良行为矫正某人的不良行为【比较网站】cure，treat，heal，recovercure治疗，治愈。多用于药物治疗，并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习惯。常用于curesb.ofsth.结构中。treat指治疗病人的全过程或活动，并不涉及“治愈”这个结果。常用于treatsb.forsth.结构中。heal指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部(wound，cut，injury，burnetc.)，使伤口愈合；heal不能用来表示“感冒”等疾病的治愈。recover常与介词from连用，表示从病中痊愈了，恢复了健康。【典例填充】用cure，treat，heal和recover填空1．Thecutsoon__________over，butitleftascar.[答案]

healed2．Hehas__________fromabadcold.[答案]

recovered3．Shewas__________forhercancer.[答案]

treated4．Ihopethedoctorcan__________meofthepaininmyshoulder.[答案]

cure【即学即练】Shetriedeverymeansto__________herchild__________thebadhabit.A．cure；from B．cure；ofC．treat；of D．treat；from[答案]

B考点8

contributevt.贡献出，捐助vi.投稿【课文如是】

tocontribute(课本P4)contribute...to...把……贡献给……contributeto

为……作出贡献；把时间投入……；有助于，导致contributionn.捐献物，贡献物；捐款；稿件makeacontributionto对……作出贡献contributionto对……的贡献contributorn.撰稿者；捐助者；起作用的人或因素【典例填充】1．Heofferedto____________________theRedCross.他主动向红十字会捐款。[答案]

contributeto2．Variousfactors____________________hisdownfall.各种因素导致了他的倒台。[答案]

contributedto3．He____________________________________________________________theoverallsuccessoftheproject.他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。[答案]

madeaverypositivecontributionto【即学即练】Tobehonest，mycarelessness__________alottomyfailure.A．contributed B．donatedC．provided D．offered[解析]句意：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。contributeto导致。donate捐献；provide提供；offer(主动)提供。[答案]

A1．Wecannot__________whetherachildiscleverorstupidfromhisorherpointsinanexamination.A．conduct B．noticeC．understand D．conclude[解析]句意：从一个孩子的考试分数上我们不能推断这个孩子是聪明还是愚笨。conclude推断出；conduct带领，管理，表现；notice注意到；understand理解。根据句意，D项为正确选项。[答案]

D2．__________inhernewnovel，theyoungwriterkeptthinkingandwritingforadozenhoursinherstudy.A．HavingdeeplyabsorbedB．DeeplyabsorbingC．DeeplyhavingbeenabsorbedD．Deeplyabsorbed[解析]

beabso