高考英语单选技巧易错点归纳

...wd......wd......wd...高考英语单项选择答题技巧１、考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高，尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词补语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。２、语言根基知识的考察不能脱离一定的语境。近年来，高考题重视考察学生的语言实践能力，将单纯的语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境，这是近年来高考英语测试改革的一个方向，考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。３、题干设计的新颖性。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。在考试过程中，遇到新颖的题干不心慌，沉着、冷静地对考题加以分析。对于单项填空题，考生应该仔细分析，积极揣摩出题人的意图。也就是我们常说的做题时切忌盲目，要找准考点。这样，既增加了做题的准确性，又节约了时间。在高考前的后期复习中，考生们应对高频考点进展拉网式地认真清理，做到知识条理清楚，哪些点常考什么，要心中有数，不打无准备之仗。4、近年来其内容愈来愈贴近生活，因此考生除了复习考纲所列的词汇和语法知识，还要注意归纳英汉两种文化的差异，熟悉所学的习惯用法，提高顺应语境的能力。5、要看清楚题干再做题。碰到个别难题，别花太多时间。选择题分数只占10％，建议考生把时间控制在10分钟以内。通过近几年玖久高考专家对高考英语试卷及得失分的分析，有很多同学单项填空题正确率还不到一半，这已成为高考拉开距离的题型。根据大量的抽样调查说明，除开英语单词不认识的〔根基特别差的学生〕，许多考生把单项填空题理解为单纯的语法考察题，把选项和语境割离开来，被干扰选项迷惑。而事实上，高考英语的单项选择题已经由传统的单纯考察语法知识逐渐向英语应用的方向开展，考察的知识点越来越多，不仅考察语言知识的记忆与简单再现，更重要的是考察在不同水平与层次上语言知识的运用。考生应该把单项选择题当成一个小的阅读理解题，一道题的每个单词甚至是标点符号都在提供信息，从理解语境出发到找到关键词，再加上语法、句法、固定搭配去找到正确答案。其基本的解题步骤是理解语境划关键词比照选项〔从语法、句法、固定搭配出发〕解出答案。解题时也有技巧，高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂化，改写为一个少见或陌生的构造。应试者可以反其道而行之，把题干复原为自己熟悉的构造，如将疑问句改为陈述句，将倒装句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句，将强调句型去掉，将难句简化或者是将省略句补全。英语的选择题注重在“选〞上，因此要加强选项比照。不知道大家注意没有，英语试卷中，每一个局部都用黑体字写了这一行字：从A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。明确告诉我们要挑选出一个最正确选项，而不是做出一个正确选项。因此在做英语试题时，比较是非常重要的。那么根据英语命题的特征和英语答题模式，玖久高考专家结合了几位英语选择题获取总分值的三位同学的经历：虽然高考题型朝着新颖性变化，但是还是跳脱不开考察语言根基：1、英语语法知识；2、对近义词或习惯用语的辨析；3、日常交际用语。而这三个方面各有其内在规律，因此只要我们了解了这些规律，掌握这些规律，就能逐渐形成答好单项填空题目的解题技巧。高考的学生要想快又准地做好单项选择题，必须具备以下技巧：1、题眼法“题眼〞是指题干中的关键词或关键符号，它具有提示信息的作用。一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。如时间、地点、关联词、转折词等。2、复原法：把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选就容易多了。3、归类法：根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和准确性。4、推理法：根据前后文，进展逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，根据前后文，进展判断。5、排除法：对于难度较大的题，一时不知道选哪一个。这时要逐个试填，最后，选取组成最好语境的选项。一.复原法：题干以省略句，疑问句，被动句，倒装句，强调句或使用从句等形式，避开考生所熟悉的陈述句构造，从而到达加大难度。例如：1.Toallofyou_____thehonorforthesuccess．〔C〕A．belongstoB．belongtoC．belongsD．belong分析：倒装句，复原后为：Thehonorforthesuccessbelongstoallofyou.2.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof___ourlessonswell.〔C〕

A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learns分析：将题干改写为主动句，那么为

Weshouldmakegooduseoftime____ourlessonwell.3.——Whatmadehermothersoangry?

——____theexam.〔B〕

A.BecauseshedidnotpassB.HernotpassingC.ShedidnotpassD.Becausehernotpassing分析；将题干改写为：____theexammadehermothersoangry.解题决窍：将不熟悉的疑问句，倒装句，被动句，强调句等复原为熟悉的陈述句；也可将残缺的局部补出或将多余的局部删除。例：1..Itis____Tomoftenbreakstheschoolrules____makeshisteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.〔C〕A.what；thatB.that；whatC.that；thatD.which；that分析：强调句型的特点是把Itisthat去掉句子是完整的，该句可以复原为：_____Tomoftenbreakstheschoolrulesmakeshisteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.Makes是谓语，前面是主语从句，缺少引导词that2.______itraintomorrow，wewouldhavetocancelthefootballmatch.A.WereB.WouldC.WillD.Should〔D〕分析：这是虚拟条件句，与将来事实相反，复原为：Ifitshouldraintomorrow…3.Wheredoyouthink___he___thecomputer?Sorry.Ihavenoidea.〔B〕A.has;boughtB.不填;boughtC.did;buyD.不填;buys分析：该句复原为陈述句语序为：Youthinkwherehe___thecomputer?think后接的是宾语从句，因此应该是陈述语序4. Thoughhestartedlate,MrGuoplayedthepianoaswellas,if____,thanMr.Liu.notbetterthanB.notbetterC.nobetterthanD.nobetter〔D〕分析：if条件句是省略的，应该复原为：ifhedidnotplaybetterthanMr.Liu二.排除思维定势利用思维定势的影响来设题，这是最容易让我们上当的题。因为我们背记了许多语法规那么，词汇，词的固定搭配和句子构造等，做题时只注意这些熟悉的语法规那么，构造和局部固定搭配，往往在没有完全弄清整个题干意思是就作出了选择，结果当然出错。1.I’msorryIcan’thelp_____theflooroftheclassroom.A.sweepingB.sweptC.tosweepD.tosweeping2.MadameCurie，for_____lifehadoncebeenveryhard，wassuccessfullater．A．whomB．whichC．whoseD．that3.Doyouhaveanyideaofthereason_____hereferredtoA．thatB．whereC．whyD．when4.Whatdothinkoftheplan?Ifeel____thatweoughttogiveitupatonce.A.stronglyB.strongC.strongerD.itstrong答案：CAAA解题决窍：正确理解句意，防止定势思维。在学习过程中，尤其是复习阶段，我们应就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复训练，以加深印象，以防止思维定势的干扰三.抑制汉英差异英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，命题者常利用汉英差异出题。如汉语的“参加〞在许多情况下都适用，如参加会议，参加考试，参加解放军等，而在英语中那么因不同的宾语用不同的动词，如:takepartinthecelebration,attendameeting,jointhearmy,takeanexam,joininadiscussion例如：1.–It’sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.-OK.______.Ａ．TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou2.ThepopulationofChinais_____thanthatofRussia.A.muchmoreB.muchlargerC.manymoreD.manylarger3.Therewasonceacruelking_____inthecastle.A.livedB.wholivesC.waslivingD.living答案：DBD解题决窍：留心英汉表达差异,平时要多读﹑多比较﹑多归纳。防止Chinglish后，比照所剩的选项，最后得出最正确答案四.注意题干惯性：此种类型的题多以对话形式出现，我们答题往往会借助原题干的动词时态和构造等来判断选项，结果造成错选。1.－Alice.youfeedthebirdtoday,＿＿＿＿＿?－ButIfedityesterday.(1999全国卷)A.doyouB.willyouC.didn‘tyouD.don'tyou2.Youhaven'tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?_____.HowIwishtogothere!A.Yes,IhaveB.Yes,Ihaven'tC.No,IhaveD.No,Ihaven't3.—HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?—Ihavenoidea.He______itthismorning.(2004全国卷)A.did B.hasdone C.wasdoingD.haddone答案：BDC解题决窍：分清角色。由于这种试题多出现在对话题中，答语往往较简洁，多有省略，拿不准时，应将答语补充完整。另外要分清问答语气不同所使用的情态动词也不同，注意汉英不同习惯的表达。五.区分形近义近词：把相似、相近的词语或构造放在一起作为干扰选项，假设我们根基知识掌握不牢就难于区分。例如：1.ThefilmsmadebyDisney______

allovertheworld.

A．areusedtoshow

B．areusedtoshowing

C．usedtobeshownD．usedtoshow2.－DoyouthinktheStarswillbeattheBulls?－Yes.Theyhavebetterplayers,soI＿＿themtowin.A.hopeB.preferC.expectD.want3.I’dliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortable,and_______inaquietneighborhood.〔2004福建〕A．inall B．aboveall C．afterall D．atall答案：CCB解题诀窍：1〕明确词意所选答案要符合句子意思；2〕归纳比较平时要特别重视收集归纳比较同义词、近义词和相似词的异同，牢记它们的用法。六.弄清语言环境：命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中，稍不注意就会错选。例如：1.－Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?－Oh,I'mterriblysorry.＿＿＿．A.I‘mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticingD.Idon'tnoticing2.Robertissaid_____abroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying3.Mr.White_____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrived B.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrived D.shouldbearriving答案：ＢＡＡ解题诀窍：1〕身临其境，揣摩意图特别是对付考察时态的试题更要将自己置身于所提供的背景之中，同时注意揣摩命题者的意图；2〕认真分析题干里所隐藏的信息，抓住关键词的提示，如前后动词的时态以及那些貌似与题目无关的信息。七、简化法：对于长句尤其是含从句或并列成份较长的题，要善于抓住句子的主干，剥离出次要的信息，这样使长句难句简单化。先看主句的信息，再加上次要的从句的信息，再长的句子也不难了。1.Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepus____aboutwhatishappeningathomeandabroad.A.informingB.informedC.toinformD.beinginformed此句的主干是：newspapers等cankeepus____，横线处缺少补语。us与inform存在被动意义，因此选B。D项虽有被动意义，但是含正在进展的意义，而此句指的是一般行为，应选Ｂ2.Dina,____formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallyfoundapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.Ａ．strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle此句主干为：Dinafoundaposition…found是谓语，且前面没有and，说明与前面的struggle不是并列谓语，struggle应是非谓语动词。因与Dina存在主动意义，因此用现在分词，应选C3.Anumberofstudents____saidtheywereforcedtopracticethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioning此句主干为：Studentssaid(that)从句，空处缺修饰students的定语，question与之存在被动意义，在B与C间选。因B项表将来被动，C表完成被动，应选C解题要诀：熟悉英语的五个基本句型：主谓；主系表；主谓宾；主谓宾宾；主谓宾补分析句子成分时最主要找出谓语动词，那么整个句子构造就会非常清晰解题本卷须知1.认真审题，不许只把题干读一半，也不要随便加词或减词，保证正确地理解题意。为此建议在心中默读出声，读时注意意群停顿，以便产生正确的语感。读选项时一定要每个选项都看完，不能在没把选项看全的情况下盲目得出答案Thatistheroom___ourfamilyusedtositintheevening.〔Ａ〕A.inwhichB.inwhereC.whichD.that意群停顿：Thatistheroom/inwhich/ourfamilyusedtosit/intheevening2.做题时要思路清晰，通常可以先排除两个选项，这时也许对所剩的两项感到“模棱两可〞，千万不要盲选。必须根据语境及两个选项的差异，最后准确定出答案Peoplearen’twatching___televisionasbeforeonChristmasDaybecausetheyusetheirvideos.A.toomuchB.toomanyC.asmuchD.asmany先排除B和D，因television不可数。后面有as，应选C3.对于“模棱四可〞的题必须每个选项逐一排除，即使看完第一项觉得正确，也必须把所有选项读完，也许后面有更为准确的用语1)Idon’t___rock’sroll,it’smuchtoonoisyformytaste.〔Ｄ〕A.goafterB.goawaywithC.gointoD.goinfor2)___childrenbelievetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyconfident.A.IfB.SinceC.OnceD.Unless〔Ｄ〕秘诀一：被动构造是备选项高频答案特征！【2010辽宁卷B篇】Ihateddinnerparties.ButIdecidedtogivethemanothershotbecauseI'minLondon.AndmyfriendMalleryinvitedme.AndbecausedinnerpartiesinLondonareverydifferentfromthosebackinNewYork.There,'“I’mhavingadinnerparty'means:"I'mbookingatablefor12atarestaurantyoucan'taffordandwe'llbesharingthechecqueevenly,nomatterwhatyoueat."Worse,inManhattanthereisalwayssomeonewholeavesbeforethebillarrives.They'llthrowdowncash,halfofwhattheyowe,andthenpeoplelikeme,whodon’tdrink,enduppayingevenmore.ButifItrytousethesametrick,thehostesswillshout:"Whereareyougoing?"Andit'snotlikeIcansayIhavesomewheretogo:everyoneknowIhavenowheretogo.ButinLondon,dinnerpartiesareinpeople'shomes.(转折比照,说明前面NewYorkers评价是Self-centred.)Notonlythat,theguestsareaninterestingmix.ThelasttimeIwenttoone,theguestswerefromFrance,India.DenmarkandNigeria;itwaslikeagatheringattheUnitedNationsinNewYork.Themixislessstriking.It'slikeagatheringatBloomingdale's,awell-knowndepartmentstore.61.WhatdoesthewriterdislikemostaboutdinnerpartiesinNewYork?AThereisastrangemixofpeople.B.Therestaurantsareexpensive.C.Thebillisnotfairlyshared.D.Peoplehavetopaycash63.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofsomeNewYorkersfromherexperienceA.Easy-going.B.Self-centred.C.Generous.D.Conservative.【2012四川卷E篇】Sofar,effortstocutemissions〔排放〕ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1990.D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.【2012四川卷A篇】Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor.Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars’〔杨树〕puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmeltfillsthelocalsteamastheicegraduallydisappears,andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesandfliesoverthelake.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.B.Theseasonsmakethesceneschange.C.Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest.D.Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.【2012陕西卷C篇】Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.55.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext? A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking,D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.【2012江西卷D篇】Forthosewhomakejourneysacrosstheworld,thespeedoftraveltodayhasturnedthecountriesintoaseriesofvillages．Distancesbetweenthemappearnogreatertoamoderntravelerthanthosewhichoncefacedmenastheywalkedfromvillagetovillage.Jetplaneflypeoplefromoneendoftheearthtotheother,allowingthemafreedomofmovementundreamtofahundredyearsago.Yetsomepeoplewonderiftherevolutionintravelhasgonetoofar.Apricehasbeenpaid,theysay,fortheconquest(征服)oftimeanddistance.Travelissomethingtobeenjoyed,notendured(忍受).Theboatoffersleisureandtimeenoughtoappreciatetheever-changingsightsandsoundsofajourney.Ajourneybytrainalsohasaspecialcharmaboutit.Lakesandforestsandwild,openplainssweepingpastyourcarriagewindowcreateagrandviewinwhichtimeanddistancemeannothing.Onboardaplane,however,thereisjusttheblankblueoftheskyfillingthenarrowwindowoftheairplane.Thesoftlighting,in-flightfilmsandgentlemusicmakeuptheonlyworldyouknow,andthehoursprogressslowly.Thenthereisthetimespentbeing“processed〞atamodernairport.Peopleareconveyedlikerobotsalongwalkways;baggageisweighed,ticketsproduced,examinedandproducedyetagainbeforethepassengermoveagaintoanotherwaitingarea.Journeysbyrailandseatakelonger,yes,butthehoursdevotedtobeing“processed〞atdepartureandarrivalinairportsareluckilyabsent.Nowonder,then,thatthemodernhigh-speedtrainsarewinningbackpassengersfromtheairlines.Man,however,isnowaworldtravelerandcannotturnhisbackontheairplane.Theworkinglivesoftoomanypeopledependuponit;wholenewindustrieshavebeenbuiltarounditsdesignandoperation.Theholidaymaker,too,withlimitedtimetospend,patientlyenduresthebusyairportsandlimitedspaceoftheflighttogainthoseextrahoursandevendays,relaxinginthesun.speedcontrolspeople’slives;timesaved,inworkorplay,istheimportantthing—orsowearetold.Perhapsthosefirsthorsemen,ridingfreeacrossthewild,openplains,wereenjoyingabetterworldthantheoneweknowtoday.Theycouldtravelatwill,andtheclockwasnottheirmaster.73.AccordingtoParagraph3,passengersareturningbacktomodernhigh-speedtrainsbecause_____． A.theypaylessforthetickets B.theyfeelsaferduringthetravel C.theycanenjoyhigherspeedoftravelD.theydon’thavetowastetimebeing“processed〞75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage? A.Airtravelbenefitspeopleandindustries． B.TrainTravelhassomeadvantagesoverairtravel．C.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmoderntravel.D.Thehighspeedofairtravelisgainedatacost.秘诀9：leadto(resultin,bringabout,cause)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2012浙江卷C篇】Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Areportonviolenceamongmiddleschoolandhighschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturncanleadtoviolence.Theproblemisn'tinthesandwich,butinthewaystudentsdealwiththeconflict.51.FromParagraph2wecanlearnthat________.A.violenceismorelikelytooccuratlunchtime具体!B.asmallconflictcanleadtoviolenceC.studentstendtolosetheirtempereasilyD.theeatinghabitofastudentisoftenthecauseofafight具体!【2011湖北卷D篇】ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood.moreconvenienttransport.biggerhouses,betterears.andofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongaswetherethingstomakeotherthings,Thismorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthanenerbeforeisthatthefourmostbasiehumanneeds-food,clothing,fuelandshelter-havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.65.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat.A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesB.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife.C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles.D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods.秘诀10：Control(handle,dealwith)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2012天津卷D篇】Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon’tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon’tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred(神圣的)momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators__________.A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlifeB.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelifeC.handleupsanddownsoflifewiselyD.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew【2012山东卷D篇】Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it’sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesandfridgesthatcantellyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethroughadownloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbeturnedonandoffwhiletheirownersisatworkoronthebus.Samsungsaysit’snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassomepracticaluses.“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhencomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,〞saidspokespersonAmySchmidt.Thecompanyalsosaysthatwithelectricityrate(电价)varyingdependingonthetimeofday,morecontroloverwhenthemachinesareusedcanhelpsavemoney.Perhaps,butwhattheywillprobablyreallyaccomplishiswhatallgoodtechnologiesdo—enablelaziness.Ratherthangettinguptocheckonwhetherthelaundryisdone,userswillinsteadmonitoritontheirphoneswhilewatchingTV.73.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlaundrymachines?

A.Theycantellyouwhenyourclothesneedwashing

B.Theycanbecontrolledwithasmartphone

C.Theyaredifficulttooperate

D.Theyaresoldatalowprice秘诀12：miss(missing);lose(lost)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2011全国新课标卷A篇】Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilkthusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete(竞争).Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticedtohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.1tookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.59.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A.Hemissedthegoodolddays.B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D.Heplantedflowersinit.【2010江西卷A篇】Andyrodeslowlyonhiswaytoschool,day-dreamingaboutthefishingtripthathisfatherhadpromisedhim.Hewassobusydreamingaboutallthefishhewouldcatchthathewasunawareofeverythingelsearoundhim.Herodealonguntilastrangesounddrewhimtothepresent.Hecametoastopandlookedcuriouslyuptotheheavens.Whathesawshockedandterrifiedhim.Ahugeswarmofbeesfilledtheskylikeablackcloudandthebuzzingmassseemedtobeheadingangrilytowardshim.Withnotimetowaste,Andyspedoffintheoppositedirection,ridingfuriously—butwithoutknowinghowtoescapetheswarm.Witharapidlybeatingheartandhislegspumpingfuriously,hespeddowntheroughroad.Asthebeescamecloser,hispanicincreased.Andyknewthathewassensitivetobeestings(蜇).Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!Hehadbeenforcedtostayinbedfortwowholedays.56.WhydidAndyfailtonoticetheswarmofbeesearlier?A.Hewasridingtoschool.B.Hewaslisteningtoastrangesound.C.Hewasgoingfishingwithhisfather.D.Hewaslostinthethoughtofthefishingtrip.擒贼先擒王:主旨题、写作目的题方法一：找中心句第一段首、末句(一段末出现转折)二段一句、二句(二段对一段进展总结或否认)尾段首末句,90%在末句有汉语标注的地方!【2012全国新课标卷B篇】Honey(蜂蜜)fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest(巢)andtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewax(蜂蜡)inthebeehives(蜂房).Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper表转折和因果处:but,yet,however,instead,today,now,Although,so,therefore,thus,asaresult,because(since,as,for),oneofthereasonswas……,Theresultsare……ItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,theirforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromthecityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog’slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown,andsotheywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround,andtheywerenousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodowascatchthem.Agreementwasreached,andthechildrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthecatchandhandoverthemoney.Forthefirsttime,thepeoplewereabletodreamofabetterfuture.Butthedreamdidn’tlastlong.FromParagragh1welearnthatthevillagers.A.workedveryhardforcenturiesB.dreamedofhavingabetterlifeC.werepoorbutsomewhatcontentD.livedadifferentlifefromtheirforefathers【2012全国新课标D篇】Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellaseversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"。rememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.67.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.【2012重庆卷E篇】Inhis1930essay“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren“,JohnKeynes,economist,rewrotethathumanneedsfallintotwoclasses:absoluteneeds,whichareindeedwhatotherhave,andrelativeneeds,whichmakeusfeelsuperiortoourfellows.Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable(无止境的)thisisnottrueofabsolute.Keyneswassurelycorrectthatonlyasmallpartoftotalspendingiddecidedbythesuper-iorityHewasgreatlymistaken,however,inseeingthisderiveastheonlysourceofdemandsDecisionstospendarealsodrivenbyideasofqualitywhichcaninfluencethedenalmostallgoods,includingevenbasicgoodslikefood.Whenacouplegoesoutforandinner,forexample,thethoughtoffeelingsuperiortoothersprobablynevercomestothem.Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals.75.Theauthorofthepassagearguesthat______.A.absoluteneedshavenolimitsB.demandsforqualityarenotinsatiableC.humandesiresinfluenceideasofqualityD.relativeneedsdecidemostofourspending【2012陕西卷C篇】Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,exercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:theairyoubreathe.Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure(暴露〕toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblem,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke(中风〕withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants(污染物〕wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.AseparatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)considerstobeof“moderate〞(良好〕qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.53.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween. A.heartproblemsandairquality B.heartproblemsandexercisingC.heartproblemsandsmoking D.heartproblemsandfattyfood写作目的题秘诀13：广告文体写作目的题一般用advertise!【2012重庆卷B篇】Toplistsarelecturingpeopleoneverythingfrom"100bookstoread".Aren'tyoujusttiredofbeingtoldwhattodowithyourtime?Nowyouhavealisttoendalllists!Takealookatthefollowingtwoexamplesfromthelistof"101thingsnottodo":……GotoSeetheMonaLisa?Theremustbesomethingaboutthemysterious(神秘的)smile.The6millionpeoplewhotheladyintheLouvreeveryyearcan’tallbewrongafterall.Buttheycanbequiteandstandinginfrontofyou,holdinguptheircamerastopreventyoufromseeinganything.Infacthardforyoutoseethepaintingclearlybecauseyouhavetostayawayfromitforsecurityre