人教版高中英语必修3unit5课文知识点详解1

人教版高中英语必修3unit5课文知识点详解16.Afterthewarbrokeout,they________(定居)inEurope.7.Themanwith______(宽的)foreheadstaredattheboywithwideeyes.8.Hetriedtofleeacrossthe_______(边境)butwascaught.9.Ifeel_________(轻微地)illtoday.10.YourunfirstandIcaneasilycatchupwithyou________(在……之内)50meters.settledbroadborderslightlywithinⅡ.重点短语再现1.________________在远处2._________________对……有天赋3._____________设法做4.____________定居；平静下来；专心于5._______________看见；瞥见6.____________与其；不愿7.__________在旅途中8.___________参加比赛9._________________由……环绕10.________在黎明的时候inthedistancehaveagiftformanagetodosettledowncatchsightofratherthanonatripcompeteinbesurroundedbyatdawnⅢ.典型句式运用1.Lookatthemapontherightanddiscussthefollowingquestioninpairs:IfyoutakeatriptoCanada，whatdoyouthinkyoumightseethere?看右面地图并结对讨论下列问题：如果你去加拿大旅游，你认为在那里可能看到什么？

doyouthink...意为“___________”,

常作_______置于句中。类似用法的词还有suppose,believe,guess,expect,imagine,hope等。考点提炼你认为……插入语2.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.她们要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。

thattheycouldcrossthewholecontinent为______引导的_______从句，对___________________加以解释说明。同位语从句一般跟在fact,idea,news,hope,belief,thought,truth,doubt,suggestion,warning,instruction,information，question等抽象名词之后,对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除从属连词that,whether外，还有连接副词how,when,where,why等。考点提炼that同位语名词thought的内容3.AstheysatinabuffetrestaurantlookingoverthebroadStLawrenceRiver，ayoungmansatdownwiththem.当她们坐在一家自助餐厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时,一位年轻人坐到了她们身边。

__________________________________________为现在分词短语作状语,表伴随,

相当于___引导的并列句(=andtheylookedoverthebroadStLawrenceRiver)；As至River是as

引导的从句。考点提炼lookingoverthebroadStLawrenceRiverand时间状语重点单词PeoplesayitisCanada’smostbeautifulcity,___________bymountainsandthePacificOcean.(回归课本P34)观察思考

Afterthemeetinghewassurroundedbyacrowdofreporters.会后,他被一群记者围住了。

Theislandissurroundedwith/bythesea.

小岛四面环海。导练互动surroundedDavidlikestosurroundhimselfwithyoungpeople.戴维很喜欢和年轻人在一起。归纳总结surround

_________________。surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.环境surround...with...使……包围……besurroundedby/with...被……包围vt.&vi.围绕，包围易混辨异surroundings，condition,environment，circumstances(1)surroundings表示“环境”，常用复数形式，主要指周围的物质环境。(2)condition的复数形式conditions可表示“环境,情况”的意思，但它主要指抽象意义上的。(3)environment环境，指大的自然环境，范围比surroundings大，有时也指人成长的家庭环境，强调环境对人的感受、道德及观念的影响。(4)circumstances指人生存的客观环境，还可以指“境地，境遇”，尤指经济状况。即学即用(1)洛杉矶盆地三面都是高山。

TheLosAngelesbasin_________________threesideshighmountains.(2)允许农民耕种周围的土地。

Thepeasantsareallowedtocultivate_____________________.(3)动物园里的动物们不是生活在自然环境之中。

Animalsinazooarenotliving________________________________.issurroundedonthesurroundinglandintheirnaturalsurroundingsbyDescribetwoorthreethingsthat_________youmostandyourfeelingswhenyouexperiencedthem.(回归课本P39)观察思考

Theaudienceweredeeplyimpressedbytheactors’wonderfulperformance.

观众对演员们的精彩表演印象深刻。

TheteacherimpressedtheimportanceofEnglishon/uponme.

老师让我铭记(向我强调)英语的重要性。impressedMyfatherimpressedmewiththevalueofhardwork.父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。归纳总结impress____________________________________________。impresssb.withsth.打动了某人impresson/uponsb.使某人意识到令人佩服的是……使意识到(重要性、严重性等)v.给……留下印象;使意识到(重要性或严重性等)impressionn.印象makeanimpression留下好印象givetheimpressionof给人……的印象即学即用(1)令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。

_____________________sherememberedmyname.(2)他让我们认识到必须立刻采取行动。

He________________theneedforimmediateaction.ItimpressedmethatimpressedonusInthe_________,theycouldseethemistycloudthatrosefromthegreatNiagaraFalls,

whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.(回归课本P38)观察思考

Whatisthedistancefromyourhometothecoast?

从你家到海边的距离有多远？

Keepasafedistancebetweencars.

保持车距。

Thetownisagreatdistanceaway.(从这里)到那个城镇相当远。distance归纳总结distance____________。(1)atadistance隔一段距离；距离稍远inthedistance在远方atadistanceof在……远的地方keepsb.atadistance对……冷淡；与……疏远keepone’sdistancefrom与……保持距离(2)distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的即学即用(1)那只狗看上去很凶，所以我决定躲远点儿。

Thedoglookeddangerous,soIdecidedto_________________.(2)他对我很冷淡。

Hetook___________________towardsme.n.距离；远方keepmydistanceadistantattitudeThenextmorningthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,goldandorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,___________thatfallhadarrivedinCanada.

(回归课本P38)

观察思考

Whatyousayconfirmsmyopinion.

你的话证实了我的看法。

Theexpressiononherfaceconfirmedourworstfears.

她脸上的表情证实了我们对发生最坏情况的忧虑。confirmingThenewevidencehasconfirmedthefirstwitness’sstory.新证据证明了第一个证人的说法。Hewasconfirmedascaptainfortherestoftheseason.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的一段时间内担任队长。归纳总结confirmv.(1)________________，后加sth.,that从句或wh-从句。confirmatheory证实一种理论(2)___________________confirmone’sbelief坚定信念证实，进一步确认坚定，使感觉更强烈confirmsb.inone’sbelief/opinion/view使信念/意见/观点更加坚定(3)_________________confirmsb.inoffice/beconfirmedinoffice批准某人就职confirmacontract批准合同即学即用(1)经过6个月的试用期之后，她获准正式担任该职。

Afterasixmonthperiodofprobation,she_________________herpost.(2)有人问她时，她肯定了她将要退休。

Whenasked,__________________shewasgoingtoretire.wasconfirmedinsheconfirmedthat批准；确认；认可重点短语与句型5.settledownThatafternoonaboardthetrain,thecousins_____________intheirseats.(回归课本P34)观察思考

Whenareyougoingtogetmarriedandsettledown?

你打算什么时候成家，安定下来？

Hehassettleddowntofarming.

他已安心从事农业。

Thechairmantriedtosettletheaudiencedown.

主席设法使听众安静下来。settleddown归纳总结settledown意为：_____________________。settlesth.withsb.与某人解决某事settledowntosth.静下心做某事settlein/intosth.迁入新居；做新工作settleonsth.决定做某事；选择做某事即学即用(1)Italwaystakestheclassawhile________________(安静下来)atthestartofthelesson.(2)Hefoundithardto________________________(定下心来工作).定居;安静下来;专心于settledowntosettledowntohiswork6.ratherthan_____________taketheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtoflytoVancouver...(回归课本P34)观察思考

Ialwaysprefertostartearly,ratherthanleaveeverythingtothelastminute.

我总是愿意早开始，而不愿把所有的事情都留到最后才做。

I’llhaveasandwichratherthanafullmeal.

我宁可只吃一个三明治，而不要充足的一餐。RatherthanIthinkyou’dcallitalectureratherthanatalk.我认为与其说是谈话，倒不如说是演讲。归纳总结ratherthan意为“_______________”。这个词组是一个连词,前后常用一种结构,即前面用名词，后面也跟名词；前面用动词原形，后也要接动词原形。(1)otherthan除了……，除……以外(2)wouldratherdo...thando...=woulddo...ratherthando...宁可……而不愿……而不是，而没有平行注意:wouldrather所带的宾语从句,其谓语用虚拟语气。表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。(3)prefertodo...ratherthando...宁愿……而不愿……(4)orrather更确切地说(5)ratherthan后接动词不定式时，可省略不定式符号to。

即学即用(1)Inmanycountriesintheworld,breakfastisasnack____ameal,butthetraditionalEnglishbreakfastisafullmeal.A.ratherthan B.morethanC.otherthanD.lessthan(2)Theyoungestbrother,ratherthanhistwoelderbrothers,____forthewrongdoings.A.wastoanswer B.weretoanswerC.wasanswered D.weretobeansweredAA7.asfarasIt’stoobadyoucan’tgo__________Ottawa,Canada’scapital.观察思考

Thechildrenwalkedasfarasthelake.

孩子们一直走到湖边。

Wecanwalkasfarastheseaside.

我们可以一直走到海边。

归纳总结

asfaras意为：____________。

so/asfaras...与……的距离相等，达到……的程度；尽……，就……asfaras远至，远达as/sofarasitgoes达到一定程度as/sofarassb./sth.isconcerned就某人/某物而言asfarastheeyecansee就视力所能及as...as可用作程度副词，表示“程度之高，数量之多，时间之久”等意思。byfar大大地；……得多sofar迄今为止；到目前为止farfrom远非，一点也不即学即用

(1)就我而言，你想干什么就可以干什么。

_________________________,youcandowhatyoulike.(2)你的计划目前看来不错,但有几点你忘了考虑。

Yourplanisagoodone_________________,butthereareseveralpointsyou’veforgottentoconsider.AsfarasI’mconcernedasfarasitgoes8....，Canadahasmorefreshwaterthananyothercountryintheworld.……,加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。

典例体验

XiaoMing__________________________________________.(同范围比较)小明比他班级里的其他男孩都高。

XiaoMing_______________________________________________.(不同范围比较)小明比他妹妹班里的任何男孩都高。istallerthananyotherboyinhisclassistallerthananyboyinhissister’sclass归纳总结本句是_______内比较，必须有other。最高级意义的多种表示法：(1)never+such/so+原级+名词I’veneverseensuchagloriousview.我从来没有见过这么壮观的场面。(2)as+原级+aseverHewasasbraveamanaseverlivedinthecountry.他是这个国家中无与伦比的勇士。同范围(3)否定词+比较级+thanHelikesnothingbetterthanthisone.他最喜欢这个。(4)比较级+than+anyother+名词/anyoneelseHeisclevererthananyotherstudentintheclass.他比这个班的其他学生都聪明。(5)单数名词+of+同一单数名词Confuciusistheteacherofteacher.孔子是万师之表。即学即用——句型转换(1)ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.Ihave_____________________________story_____thisone.(2)Theboyisthemosthard-workingstudentinhisclass.Theboyis__________________________________studentinhisclass.neverreadamoreinterestingthanmorehard-workingthananyother9.“Wedon’tleaveuntilthisevening,”saidLiuQian.“直到今晚我们才离开”,刘倩说。典例体验

Youcan’tgetoffthebus______ithasstopped.

你得等车停下才可以下去。

Thelittleboywouldn’tbegintosing_____hismothersaid“yes”.

直到他妈妈说了声“可以”，那个小男孩才开始唱歌。untiluntilTheycouldn’tseetheGreatWall______theycametoChina.(=Itwas___________theycametoChinathattheycouldseetheGreatWall.)(=_________theycametoChinacouldtheyseetheGreatWall.)他们到了中国才能看见长城。归纳总结(1)until与till都可作介词,后接名词或代词构成介词短语，作状语。until与till也作连词用，引导状语从句。till与until同义，但语气较轻；till多用于名词和较短的从句之前。美国人往往偏爱until。放在句首用until，不用till。

untilnotuntilNotuntil(2)until与till引导的时间状语从句中的动词用一般现在时表示将来时;用现在完成时表示将来完成时;用一般过去时表示过去将来时。(3)在含有until与till引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，主句动词如果是持续性的，一般用肯定式;如果是短暂性的，则须用否定式。(4)如果要强调until引导的时间状语从句,应注意要将not和until一起提前，主句用部分倒装。即学即用(1)It____wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks____Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that

解析

本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为:

Itis/was+被强调部分+that从句。句意为:我们在一起呆了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多共同之处。not...until...直到……才……。D(2)“Youcan’thavethisfootballback____youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,”

theoldmansaidfirmly.

解析

表示直到……才发生的结果。D【例1】Newscamefromtheschooloffice____WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.(四川高考)

解析

news后面跟同位语从句,从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。句意为:从学校办公室传来消息说王林被北京大学录取了。

课文原文

Thethought____theycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.考题回扣Cthat【例2】Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot____easyreach.(山东高考)

解析

句意为：在厨房里把你常用的东西放在随手可及的地方,那样会节省时间的。withineasyreach随手可及，在附近。

课文原文

Atschool,theyhadlearnedthatmostCanadianslive_______afewhundredkilometresoftheUSAborder,...Cwithin【例3】Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,______allfourpeopleonboard.(上海高考)C.killsD.tokill

解析

句中逗号后没有任何连词，因此不是并列谓语，可排除A项;C项时态不对也可排除;现在分词killing可作状语表示飞机坠毁的结果,而不定式作结果状语时往往用onlytodo形式。

课文原文

...andtherewasfrostontheground，

__________thatfallhadarrivedinCanada.Bconfirming【例4】Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?There____betwelve.(宁夏高考)

解析

句意为:你什么意思？只有10张票吗？应该是12张。would表过去将来；will表意愿;shall表示一种语气，均不合题意。

课文原文

I_______phoneherfromatelephonebooth.Ashould【例5】They’vewontheirlastthreematches,____Ifindabitsurprisingactually.(辽宁高考)

解析句意为:他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛,这真使我感到有点惊奇。后半句应为定语从句,空格处需填关系代词(副词)来引导定语从句,并在从句中作find的宾语,同时指代前句内容,所以选D项。

课文原文

TheirnextstopwasCalgary,________________________________________.whichisfamousfortheCalgaryStampedeD写作技能利用复合句提高句子档次复合句是使结构复杂化的一个方法，我们可以借助于它表达比较复杂的内容。在应试写作时，考生应尽可能地运用复合句以使文章更有逻辑性，同时也提高了文章的档次。要写好复合句就需要注意：千万不要将汉语一一对译成英语，一定要注意所写复合句符合英语句子结构的特点及复合句中句子成分的完整。如“到车站时，他发现火车已经走了”，如果一一对译，则容易误译为：

Whenarrivedatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadalreadyleft.

从句与简单句一样，需讲究句子结构的完整性，只不过从句前有一个引导从句的连词而已。在whenarrivedat...中，很明显，缺少主语，需在when后加上he。即时练习——把下列每组句子转换成复合句1.Inthetowntherewasonlyoneschool.Istudiedthereforsixyears.

2.Ihavesparetime.Iwillgotoseeyou.

3.Hegotupveryearlythismorning.Hecouldcatchthefirstbus.

InthetowntherewasonlyoneschoolwhereIstudiedforsixyears.IfIhavesparetime,Iwillgotoseeyou.Hegotupveryearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.4.Youstudyhard.Youwillpasstheexam.(onlyif)

5.Stopblowing.Theglasswillbecomeclearagain.

Onlyifyoustudyhardwillyoupasstheexam.Stopblowingandtheglasswillbecome

clearagain.Ⅰ.品句填词1.ItissaidthattheMofJapanwillcometovisitourcountrynextmonth.2.Therearefouroceansintheworld,ofwhichthePisthelargest.3.Asisknowntoall，therearesevencintheworld.4.Thereisahnearourcity,whereyoucanfindmanybigshipsinandout.自主检测inisteracificontinentsarbour5.Weadmireherforshehasagforsinginganddancing.6.Thereisasdifferencebetweenthetwowords.7.Couldyouhelpmefoutthecostofthistrip?8.Itissaidthatsomeowillcometoourschooltohaveavisit.9.Theterriblesoundmademet.10.IhavesuchagoodeyesightthatIcanseethesmallthingsinthed.iftlightigurefficialserrifiedistanceⅡ.短语运用

makeatrip，catchsightof，goeastward,ratherthan，haveagiftfor，lessthan,settledown，chatabout，managetodo，

thousandsof1.Wecouldn’tdecidewhetherto___________orwestward.2.Myfatherwill____________toNewYorknextweek.3.IthinkI’llhaveacolddrink___________coffee.4.She_______________learningEnglish.goeastwardmakeatripratherthanhasagiftfor5.Weoften___________ourschoollifeinthepast.6.Thatafternoonaboardthetrain,thecousins_____________intheirseats.7.Thereare_____________peopleonthesquare

everyeveninginsummer.8.Ioften_______________somebeggarsinragsonthestreet.9.Ifinally___________findthebookIwaslookingfor.10.Thispieceoffurnitureisreallyinexpensive

withapriceof_________fortydollars.chataboutsettleddownthousandsofcatchsightofmanagedtolessthanⅢ.完成句子1.Beforeheleft,thevisitingprofessor________________________(表达了他的愿望)hewouldcometoChinaagaintogivelecturesthenextyear.2.Standingonthetopofthehill,youcansee__________________(远至大海).3.Heasked_____________________________________(距离有多远)betweenBeijingandQingdao.expressedhishopethatasfarastheseawhatthedistancewas/howfaritwas4.Theidea________________________________________________(在不到五天的时间里穿越加拿大)isjustwrong.5.Manyofthemhaveagiftforworkingwithanimalsandtheycan_____________________________________(赢得数千美元的奖金).6.Theyspenttheafternooninthelovelyshopsand_________________________________________(拜访了工作坊里的艺术家).thatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedayswinthousandsofdollarsinprizesvisitingtheartistsintheirworkplacesⅣ.单项填空1.Haveyoueverdreamedof____suchagoodchanceforfurthereducationabroad?A.thereisB.theretobeC.therewillbeD.therebeing

解析考查therebe结构的非谓语动词形式。

dreamof后须接动名词，不接不定式,therebe的动名词形式为therebeing。D2.Thethunder____thelittleboysomuchthathecoveredhisears.

解析考查动词词义辨析。根据句意应选B项。

surprise使吃惊；terrify使害怕，惊吓；please

使高兴；disappoint使失望。B3.Aphotographerwassenttoacoastwithbeautiful____tofilma____ofthesunset.A.sceneries;sceneB.scenes;sceneryC.scenery;sceneD.scene;scenery

解析

考查scenery和scene的用法。scenery泛指一个地区总的风景，是不可数名词；scene常用来指一种具体场景,一幅具体画面,如日出、日落等,

常与“a”连用。C4.Hecame____whereIwashidingandmyheart

beatfaster.A.morecloselytoB.muchcloserC.ratherclosertoD.quitecloselyto

解析

close和closely都可用作副词,但意思不一样。close意为“靠近，接近”,常与介词to连用;closely表示抽象意义,意为“密切地;仔细地”。根据句意排除A、D两项，故选C项。C5.Somepeoplearebornwiththebelief____theyaremastersoftheirownwhileothersfeel____theyareatthemercyofothers.A.what;thatB.that;whatC.that;/D./;that

解析考查名词性从句。第一空引导同位语从句,

用that，并且不能省略；第二空引导宾语从句，（第二个）that可以省略。C6.____byhiswords,alltheaudienceclappednowandthenuntilhisaddresscametoanend.C.TobeimpressedD.Havingimpressed

解析

根据上下文的语境，impress与句子中的

audience之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语;B、D两项为主动语态;C项不定式位于句首表示目的。A7.Likemanyotherswhotravelaround,Louisadmittedthattheworstpartoftouringwasnotbeingabletoseeherfamilyandfriends

______shewouldlike.A.morethanB.lessthanC.aswellasD.asmuchas

解析

后半句意为：Louis承认说旅游最糟糕的地方就是不能尽可能多地见到家人和朋友。asmuchas尽……那么多，差不多。D8.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboard