学术英语 医学 Unit 6

学术英语医学AcademicEnglishforMedicine第一页，共48页。Unit6LifeandMedicineDeathisanunavoidableandnaturalpartofthelifecycle.Medicaladvancesandvaluechangeshaveincreasedandacceptabilityofpalliativecareandhospicecare,whichcanbeprovidedtocriticallyillpatientsathome,hospitalsornursinghomes.第二页，共48页。ListeningDealingwithunfamiliarwordsSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三页，共48页。Listening

DealingwithunfamiliarwordsIfthewordsdon’thinderyourunderstandingofthemajorpoints,justskipthemover.Usecontextualinformation,commonsense,andbackgroundinformationtoguessthewordmeaning.Sometimes,thespeakermightuseparaphraseordefinitiontoexplainthenewterm.Ifyoufailtofigureoutthemeaningofanimportantword,justmoveonandlistenattentivelytothespeaker.Neverletanynewworddistractyourattentionfromthetalk.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四页，共48页。Listening

Suggestedanswers1.Ayurvedais_______________________that’soverfivethousandyearsold.2.TheSanskritroot“ayur-〞means________________________.3.TheSanskritroot“veda-〞means___________________.4.BhutaistheSanskritwordfor_________.5.Doshasare___________________,whichareactuallytheresultofthepairingofthegreatelements.Task1Listentoatalkandcompletethesentencesaccordingtowhatyouheard.anancientsystemofhealinghavingtodowithlifeorlivingwisdomorknowledgeelementbioenergeticsforcesUnit6LifeandMedicine第五页，共48页。Listening

SuggestedanswersTask2Listentothetalkagainandcompletethefollowingdiagram.CosmosSpaceAirFireWaterEarth

PittaKaphaVataUnit6LifeandMedicine第六页，共48页。Unit6LifeandMedicineUnitContentsLead-inTextATextBTextCListeningSpeakingWritingGet

readingforUnit7第七页，共48页。Lead-inTaskHowmuchdoyouknowabouthospicecarepalliativecarecomfortcaremanagementcareWatchthevideoclipandseehowhospicecareisdefined.

HospicephilosophyofdeathUnit6LifeandMedicine第八页，共48页。TextACriticalreadingandthinking–Topicsforpresentation–UsefulexpressionsLanguagebuilding-up–Signpostlanguage–VocabularytestSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第九页，共48页。Congestive:hyperemicDisinfect:除去〔感染〕，给…消毒Chlorineisusedtodisinfectwater.氯用来给水消毒。Palliate:topalliateadiseaseDialysisorkidneydialysisisamethodoftreatingkidneyfailurebyusingamachinetoremovewastematerialfromthekidneys.透析，渗析Iwasondialysisforsevenyearsbeforemyfirstkidneytransplant.在进展首次肾移植之前，我做了7年的透析。第十页，共48页。TextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingTopicsforpresentation1Wheredopeoplespendtheirlasttime?

Unit6LifeandMedicine第十一页，共48页。TextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingTopicsforpresentationThereisno“right〞placetodie.-athome-inhospitals-nursinghomes-hospicecareUnit6LifeandMedicine第十二页，共48页。Makesense1.讲得通；有意义Canyoumakesenseoutofwhatthisbooksays?你能理解这本书的内容吗?2.明智的,合情合理的Itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly.还是早点走好。第十三页，共48页。2WhatcanthehospitaldoforGeorge?TopicsforpresentationTextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicineVisitinghours:探视时间；会客时间Thenurseinformedmethatvisitinghourswereover.护士告诉我们探视时间已经完毕.第十四页，共48页。TextA

UsefulexpressionsGeorgeandthoseclosesttohimhadpreviouslydecidedthat,nomatterwhat,thedoctorshouldtrytodoeverythingmedicallypossibletoextendGeorge’slife.So,whenGeorgeneededcare,hewenttoahospital,wheredoctorsandnursesareavailablearound-the-clock.CriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicine第十五页，共48页。TextA

Topicsforpresentation3Whatadvantagesdoesanursinghomehaveforend-of-lifecare?

Criticalreadingandthinkingthedyingperson生命垂危的人/临终者/弥留之际的人end-of-lifecare临终看护Unit6LifeandMedicine第十六页，共48页。TextA

Topicsforpresentation4Howshallend-of-lifecarebegivenathome?

CriticalreadingandthinkingHiringahomenurseforadditionalhelp;Arrangingforservices(suchasvisitingnurses)andspecialequipment(likeahospitalbedorbedsidecommode)HealthinsurancePlanningbyaprofessional,suchasahospitaldischargeplannerorasocialworkerHelpfromlocalgovernmentalagenciesDoctorsupervisionathomeUnit6LifeandMedicine第十七页，共48页。5Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingacomprehensiveapproachtoimprovingthequalityoflifeforpeoplewhoarelivingwithpotentiallyfataldiseasesonlysymptomcareUnit6LifeandMedicine第十八页，共48页。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第十九页，共48页。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十页，共48页。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十一页，共48页。TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatter6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十二页，共48页。7.Whenwillhospicebeapplied?Whatfeaturesdoesthisapproachhave?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十三页，共48页。8.Whatmightbethemisconceptionsaboutchoosinghospice?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinking

1.Stoppingtreatmentspecificallyaimedatcuringanillnessequalsdiscontinuingalltreatment2.Choosinghospiceisapermanentdecision

Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十四页，共48页。TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

SignpostLanguage

GivingexamplesForexample,...Agoodexampleofthisis...Asanillustration,...Togiveyouanexample,...…isacaseinpoint.Suchas…Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十五页，共48页。TextASuggestedanswersTask1OverviewFillinthefollowingtableaccordingtoTextAtocomparethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenpalliativecareandhospicecare.CriticalreadingandthinkingSimilaritiesDifferencesPalliativecareTreatmentofsymptoms;Multidisciplinaryservice;Providedathome,hospitals,andspecializedcarecenters;ReversiblechoiceServicemaybeprovidedaslongaspossible;Thereisstillhopeforacure.HospicecareServiceusuallyprovidedtopatientswhohaveonly6monthstolive;Thereisnohopeforacure.1Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十六页，共48页。TextASuggestedanswersTask1OverviewFillinthefollowingtableaccordingtoTextAtocomparetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofend-of-lifecareathospitals,nursinghomesandhomes.Criticalreadingandthinking2Placeofend-of-lifecareAdvantagesDisadvantagesHospitalsAvailabilityofmedicalresources,includingdoctors,nursesandfacilityaroundtheclockHospitalrulesLimitedspacePrivacyissueNursinghomesCloserrelationshipwithnursingstaffMorepersonalizedcareLimitedaccesstodoctorsPrivacyissueHomesFamiliarenvironmentFreedomforfamilyandfriendstocomeandgoPhysical,emotionalandfinancialburdenforthecaregiversUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十七页，共48页。TextATask1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.EnglishChineseDefinition1treatmentofdisease,especiallycancer,bymeansofchemicalagents2treatmenttodestroyharmfulmicroorganisms3surroundingslikeacrown(especiallyofthebloodvesselssurroundingtheheart)4servingortendingtocure5separationofsubstancesinsolutionbymeansoftheirunequaldiffusionthroughsemipermeablemembraneschemotherapy化学疗法消毒，杀菌disinfection冠状动脉的coronarycurative治疗的，治愈的dialysis透析SuggestedanswersLanguagebuilding-up2Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十八页，共48页。TextAEnglishChineseDefinition6adeficiencyofredbloodcells7tendingorservingtopalliate8afederallysponsoredhealthinsurancesprogramintheU.S.forpersonsof65orolder9of,relatingto,oraffectingthelungs10of,relatingto,ormakinguseofseveraldisciplinespulmonary肺的anemia贫血〔症〕palliative姑息/缓和的〔疗法〕Medicare美国联邦医疗保险multidisciplinary多学科的，跨学科的Task1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.Suggestedanswers2Languagebuilding-upUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十九页，共48页。TextATask2/SignpostlanguageScanthetextandthenwritedownthesentencesinwhichsignpostlanguageindicatingexamplesareused.1.Thesepatientsalsoreceivesymptomcareorpalliativecare.Forexample,intimeGeorgedevelopedanemiaalongwithhisheartfailure.ManagingtheanemiacanimprovesomeofthesymptomstroublingGeorge.2.Itisimportanttorememberthatstoppingtreatmentspecificallyaimedatcuringanillnessdoesnotmeandiscontinuingalltreatment.Agoodexampleisanolderpersonwithcancer.3.Choosinghospicedoesnothavetobeapermanentdecision.Forexample,Deloreswaseighty-twowhenshelearnedthatherkidneyswerefailing.4.Inordertomakecomfortcareavailableathome,youwillhavetoarrangeforservices(suchasvisitingnurses)andspecialequipment(likeahospitalbedorbedsidecommode).Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十页，共48页。TextATask3/FormalEnglishRewritethefollowingsentencesfromTextAwithalessformalstyle.1Ifthedyingpersonhaslivedinthefacilityforawhile,thestaffandfamilyhaveprobablyalreadyestablishedarelationship.(Para.7)Ifthedyingpersonhaslivedinthefacilityforawhile,thestaffandfamilyhaveprobablybecomeascloseasfriends.

Inapalliativecareprogram,amultidisciplinaryhealthcareteamworkswithboththepatientandfamilytoprovideanysupport—medical,social,andemotional—neededtolivewithapossiblyfatalillness.(Para.13)Inapalliativecareprogram,ahealthcareteammadeupofpeoplefromdifferentdisciplinesgivesboththepatientandfamilyanymedical,social,andemotionalsupportsothatthepatientcanlivewithadeadlydisease.

Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十一页，共48页。TextATask3/FormalEnglishRewritethefollowingsentencesfromTextAwithalessformalstyle.Palliativecarecouldtransitiontohospicecare.Or,thepalliativecarecouldcontinue,withincreasingemphasisoncomfortcareandlessfocusonmedicaltreatmentaimedatacure.(Para.13)Palliativecarecouldchangetohospicecare.Evenifthepalliativecarecontinued,theemphasisshouldbeputoncomfortcare,notonmedicaltreatmentoracure.Choosinghospicedoesnothavetobeapermanentdecision.(Para.18)Ifyouchoosehospicenow,youcanchangeitlater.

Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十二页，共48页。________homes(养老院)___________care(临终关心)congestiveheart_________(充血性心衰)available________________(24小时随叫随到)________careunit(冠心病监护室)to________totreatment(对治疗有反响)skillednursing________(专业护理机构)_________care(生命终末期护理)_________care(舒适护理)

TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestnursinghospicefailurearoundtheclockcoronaryrespondfacilityend-of-lifecomfortUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十三页，共48页。hospital_________planner(出院方案专员)symptom___________(病症护理)__________care(姑息疗法)__________illness(绝症)chronicobstructive__________disease慢性阻塞性肺病____________treatment(实验性治疗)spiritual________(精神参谋)__________alltreatment(终止所有治疗)togothrough_________(经历透析)

TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestdischargecarepalliativefatalpulmonaryexperimentaladvisorsdiscontinuedialysisUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十四页，共48页。invitro___________(体外受精)____________biology(根底生物学)embryonic___________research(胚胎干细胞研究)to__________withanoutsider(与圈外人合作)a(n)__________baby(试管婴儿)___________sciences(生殖科学)toadminister_________(施用激素)toisolate________eggs(别离未成熟卵子)

TextC

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestfertilizationbasicstemcellcollaboratetest-tubereproductivehormonesimmatureUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十五页，共48页。___________observations(经历观察)____________work(首创研究)afibric-optic___________(光导纤维内窥镜)___________guidelines(伦理原那么)societal___________(社会关注)___________couples(不孕不育夫妇)_________diseases(遗传疾病)cystic___________(囊泡性纤维症)ethical___________(伦理困境)

TextC

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestempiricalpioneeringendoscopeethicalconcerninfertileinheritedfibrosisUnit6LifeandMedicinedilemmas第三十六页，共48页。TextCLanguagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十七页，共48页。TextC

Task:TranslatethefollowingfromEnglishintoChineseSuggestedanswers为了实现体外授精，爱德华兹必须解开根底生物学领域的诸多难题，其中部分难题的解决为胚胎干细胞研究翻开了大门。同时，他还必须面对来自宗教界、政界、甚至英国剑桥大学中名声显赫的同事的反对。尽管爱德华兹性格开朗、为人体贴、积极参与公开辩论，但是对于人们指责他的科研违背伦理，他还是感到很伤心。Unit6LifeandMedicine第三十八页，共48页。SpeakingSeminar&PresentationTaskUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十九页，共48页。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose1.Backgroundinformation:Trytorelateyourmessagedirectlytoyourlisteners’commoncharacteristics,includingnationality,fieldofstudy,occupation,age,andsex,etc.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十页，共48页。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose2.Knowledgeofthesubject:Trytoselectthetopicsthatyourlistenersareinterestedin.Don’tpresentatopicthatistootechnicalortoospecializedforthem.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十一页，共48页。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose

3.Wantsandneeds:Findyourlisteners’wantsandneedsdespitethefactthattheyvaryfrompersontopersonandgrouptogroup.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十二页，共48页。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose

4.LevelofEnglish:Findoutyourlisteners’levelofEnglish.Makesurethatyouuselanguagethateveryonecanunderstand.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十三页，共48页。Speaking

TaskSupposeyouaretogoingtomakeafive-minutepresentationononeofthefollowingt