外文翻译-大型井巷道贯通工程实践

附录LaneRoad,linkinglarge-scaleengineeringpracticeKungChenpatrioticNavyHighCourtProjectOverview80duringthelate20thcentury,wroteHillgolddepositfoundintheminingareasoutheastof27#pulse,thickveins,notlowgrade,substantialreserves,sotheychangedtheimplementationoftheexpansionproject,twoshaftextensiontobuildanewconcentrator,productionAftertheproductioncapacityof150t/d.Cyanide-widemud-anewzincconcentratorreplacementprocess#pulsewellheadlocatedinthevicinityof27todealwiththemainoreoftheHangHau,Hausunnyoredeputy.Hangthetwoawayfromthe685m,sunnyHangoretothesurfacebytheZL-30shovel5tcapacitydumptrucksloadedtotheconcentrator.Changethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27,#networkcanbalancethehammerfordoubleupgradeto8-de-sacunderthemiddle,themiddleofahighdegreeof40m.8forthemiddleelevationof387m.Enhancethecapacityofthemainshaft200t/d.InordertoreducetheoretosurfaceshippingcostsandtoeliminateunreasonablesunnyHangreversesomeoftheoretransport,atthesametime,surfaceminingwhenshippedbytheweatherdisturbanceisplannedwellssunnymiddleextensionfrom5to6middleand6middleelevationofthesamedesignforthe387m.AndthenselectasuitableprogramthroughthemiddleofsunnyHangover6oreproduction,unitytothe27#mainshafttothesurfaceorewarehouse.Thisresultedintwoshaftextensionatthesametime,andthelevelof387meachotherthroughthetwowellsthroughlargeundergroundworks.throughtheselectionandimplementationofprogramsNatureoftheworks:In1990,theimplementationofplanstochangethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27#pulsecomprehensiverenovationandextension,extensiontosunnywell.Twooutputshaftextension580m,togetherwiththelevelof387mthroughtheTransportationRoadway840m,whileitstotalmineworksthroughmorethan1400m.By"rockgoldminegeologicalandsurveyworkregulations"intherelevantprovisionsof,theworksarelarge-scaleprojectsthrough.Options:2shaftinextension,howtoachievetheprojectthroughtoabattlebetweentwooptions.Thefirstprogram:sunnyshaftextensionto6middle,5#pulseShihmenseealongveinstowardstheSouthEastprospecting.27#clockshaftextensionto8middle,southandhitmarshallingyardandShihmen50m,120mandthensouth-westveinwearingsee27〜1#clockaftertheclockchangethisheadingtothenorthwest.Fromtheore-formingtheory,thesetwobelongtothesamenetworkstructurewithfissures,fractureduetothedegreeofstructureandtheformationofsuchfactorsastimeindependentofeachotherandlinkedtoformthetwoorebodies.Tunnelingalongthevein,throughtheinevitable.Project:387mroadwaythroughtheprojectdesignspecifications2•0m乂2•5m,large-scaletransportofmymineroadway.Uponcompletion,thesunnymiddleofalloftheaboveHangHau6orebythemiddleofIngate2•2•2sunnysecondshaftextensionprogramworksless.July1991,wearingShihmensee5#clockpulseafterthesoutheastwillopenupandprospecting,toearly1992,prospectingextendednearly600m,thistimethemainshaft27,#networkextensionjusttothemiddle8.Inordertospeedupthepacethroughtoimprovetheoperatingconditionsof6wellsfromthemiddleofsunny5#pulseprospectingtunneltest6543points,with27#8,themiddleofthenorthsideofthepulseIngate20mdirectdirectionalboring,straight-throughworksofabout400m.Programtodetermine:theadvantagesofthefirstprogramisforthepurposeofprospecting,explorationthroughintegrationwithHealth;shortcomingshavelongdistance,multi-turn,drivingconditions,evenifthelink,becauseoftheneedtoconductquasi-cuttingprojectssuchasmining,makingitdifficulttoplayashipmentRoutetask.Thesecondprogramoftheadvantagesoftheshortdistancethroughtheconstructionconditions,andthebackboneofthetransportroadwayalmostnoturn,couldsignificantlyreducethetimeperiod,costsavings,theimplementationoftheprogram,bythesecond.Verticalslideshaft,theuseofvibrationintothetubdrawingmachine,themotorvehicle4t#connectionstothemainshaft27topositionthesurfaceore.InadditiontoHangHausunny5#pulsealongtheveinsofironoreprospectinginthegoldveinswithtunneling,thestraight-throughworksbymorethan400mthroughtheveinsofrockarethecrystallizationoflimestonefootwalldioriteandneutral,hardrocksolid,isnotentitledconservation,withoutgushing,butnofault,faultandfracturezone.DriftingthroughtheworksofthemajororganizationsofworkersfromsunnyPossessionissuedbytheproductionplanconstructionsection.Mostofthemalonethefirsttunnelingprojectisplannedon28m,thatis,tocompleteadayofrockblastingandJavatasks;buthavealsoorganizedafewmonthsoftheso-calledrapidtunneling,thatis,fourclassesdaily,everytwoInsmallclassestocompleteadrivingcycle.Inthisway,themaximumdrivingspeedofeachmonth84•7m.TodriftthroughtheconstructioninNovember1992,HangHausunnyeastmeasuringpointfrom6543isalsodrivingmorethan200m,undergroundtransportdistanceandventilation,workerefficiency,andthereforedecidedtoPulse8and#27onthenorthsideofthemiddleIngaterelativelyboring27,802points.Thewholeprojectlasted2years,surveyworkinthemines,thegeneralreferencemeasurementunit243geologicalteam5"accuracyofthemeasurementresults.SunnyspotsnearwellNo.507and27#clocknearly512wellpointthecoordinatesofitsnumericaltable.throughthemeasurementmethodMinelarge-scaleprojectsthroughitstechnologyandtechnologytoensurethatthekeyliesinmeasuringtheworkandworkingmethodsofmeasurementaccuracy.AsfarasIamtodayhowtoensurethatmineoreprojectthroughthemeasurementoflarge-scalework,abriefintroductionasfollows.Miningareacontrolnetworkprofile:Ifirstbuiltmineoreproduction,measuredaftertheexploration.Miningthebasiccontrolplanenetwork243bythenuclearindustrygroupwiththeLiaoningProvincialGeologicalProspectingBureauofGeophysicalProspectingBrigadein1989andcompletedin1991.Itisbasedonnineroutes,suchasstate-levelIIIIIHilland山尖controlnetwork,suchasBeijingUniversity.Mineislocatedinthemeantime.Correspondingsurfaceofthehorizontalcontrolnetworkaccuracy.Imineformanyyearsthroughtheapplicationofteststhat,243GeologicalBrigade5"head-levelcontrolofasmalltriangulationnetwork,itsprecisioncansatisfytheengineeringrequirementsofmine.Theabove-mentionedtwopointsnearwellheadcontrolnetworkisalsoabletomeetthroughprojectneeds,withoutaseparatetestset.ThroughtheworkingmethodsofmeasurementShaftjointmeasurement:thetwoshaftsundergroundInoueContactgyrotheodolitemeasurementsareusedtodeterminethecoordinatesofwirepittheodolitepositioncoordinatestheuseofsingle-wiretransmissionmethod.Determinationofthepitwithgyrotheodoliteazimuthcoordinateswireside,thestrictimplementationofdirectionalgyrotheodoliteobservationoftherelevantprovisionsandrules,thatisadjacenttoeachotherbadswinginthevalueofnotmorethan30",wirelengthshouldbegreaterthan30m,thezerobiasnomorethan0•5grid,thetwosideofmirrorpositionandorientationknownsightwhilereadingthelevelofthetwodialreadingsbeforeandaftereachobservationnomorethan10poor."ObservationprocessisfirstmeasuredintheapparatuswhileInoueknownconstant3times.Theapparatusconstantformula:A=a+y-asitTuo-Pingandthentothedeterminationoftheunknownsideofdownholedirectionalgyroazimuthside,whichinaccordancewiththeformula:a=aTuo-Pingsit-y+A-typeconvergencefortheradialangle,geodeticlatitudeinthesurveyedareacanbeusedfortheargumentoftheabove-mentionedformula,sothecalculationofthecoordinatesofazimuthdirectionaledge.Inoueandthenbacktotheapparatusconstantdetermined3times.Inthisway,atotalof6timesbeforeandaftertheequipmentasthebasisforcalculatingtheaverageofconstantorientationwhilemineisbasedonazimuthcoordinates.Inordertoensuretheaccuracyofmeasurementthroughthisshafttwolinkstoanumberofmeasurements.Sunnyshafttwiceondifferentdatescontactmeasurement,theinitialdeterminationofedgecoordinatesazimuth3timesforpointcoordinatestransmissionof4times,twiceeachmeasuredthesameazimuthdifferencecoordinates26•6",inthescopeofallowablevalues.4Determinationofthecoordinatesofthesamepoint,theXvalueofthelargestdifferenceamong+4mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+4mm.Atthesametimeduringthecontactmeasurements,usingalongsteelruler(150m)dockingwithLevelreadingmethodsreadingSteelRulerElevationimport,transforminstrumentwithtwohigh-Determination,measuredeachotherwithlittleelevationdifferencetozero.27#pulsemeasurementshaftalsolinkedthetwo,start-edge,wireedge,azimuthdeterminationof2,thecoordinatesforpoint2.Theresultis:poorinter-azimuth112",thesamecoordinatesofeachXvalueofthemaximumdeviation+7mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+3mm,heightmeasuredintoeachotherwithlittleelevationdifference2mm.Contactthemeasurementresultsoftheseshaftstomeettheneedsoftheminethroughthemeasurement.UndergroundTheodolitetraversing:Inaccordancewiththeprincipleoflow-levelhigh-levelcontrolandprecisionthroughtheproject,inordertoreducetheaccumulationofmeasurementerrors,respectively,inthetwotunnelshaftsplacedintheangularerrorof20"gradewireforthebasiccontroltheodolitewiretoderivationofthistimesthroughthemeasurementdirectionaccordingtothedesignofroadwayconstructionandcontourmapping.havetosetupitscontents,angle-measuring,andlevelingthevolumewhileotheritems,asdescribedbelow.setup.Wireshaftroadwayfromthestartingedgelaidalongtheroadway,pointsarelocatedinthetunnelroof,thedistanceofaround30mingeneral,whentheroadwaywhendrivingforabout500mtoagroupofpermanentpoints.Pointstoleadallnumberpairsofveinsinthenorthernendforthenumber,thesoutherntipofasinglenumber,butalsobytheminewherethepulsenumber,themiddle,Unitedscheduling,suchassuchas27802,27804,6541,6543.Inthisway,toavoidconfusionanderrors.anglemeasurement.Methodusedtomeasureangle.InordertoensuretheaccuracyoftestingandcalibrationthroughtheuseoftheopticalinstrumentfactoryinSuzhou-basedtheodoliteJ2production.Precisionoftheinstrumentsinthefollowingtwoobservationsmeasuredtheforwarddirectionofafewlowandleft,beforeandafterthestandardspytransparentpaperblocktheballdownthefirstline,theilluminationlightsinthepost-testtoeachsidedifferenceof12"limitsofdeviation.Thismethodguidancethrough,notolerance.amountofedge.Measurementofwirelengthandanglemeasurementatthesametimeiscarriedoutafteridentificationoftheruler.Hangingdownatthepointoftheballunderthelinewillbeusedbeforeandafterlevelingthesamelevelastheverticaldemarcationlineofsightofthehighlevelofuseofvacantreaddistancemeasurementwith15kgpullingforceof5tostraightenthesteelrulerreadings,thedifferenceshouldbelessthan2mmeach.5timestheaverageofreadingstakenasthefinaloutcome,thespecificcalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.Bodycalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.4,ExperienceMinethroughthelarge-scaleprojects,theconstructionisverydifficultandtechnicallydemandingstrictmeasurementofImineatestofskilllevels.Worksthroughaccurate,themeasurementoftechnicalindicatorsarelowerthanorconsistentwithnationalrequirements,soImeasuredminetechnologygreatlyimproved,andbenefitedfrom,andhencethefollowingexperience:Measurementofminethroughwork,theremustbeafullymeetthetechnicalrequirementsforprecisionofheadmeasurementandcontrolnetwork.throughthesurveycannotbesloppy,notallowedtohaveasingleerror,itisnecessarytostrictlyenforcenationalnormsissuedbytheprecisiontolerancerequirements.roadwaydesigngradientforthe1%0,weuseadirectmeasurementofthelevelandtheodoliteelevationcombinedobservationsnotonlyfast,andhighprecision,thusensuringtheentireprojectthroughstandardheightmeasurementerror.indeterminingtheamountofedgeangleandthebestuseoftimeandfromtheindependentmethodsofobservation.Becausethewireistheformofsupportwires,nomorechecks.Sofromthepointofobservationtothetest4testtochecktheconditionofcircumferentialangle,closemarginnotmorethan12."Measurethelengthofthereadingsfromthe10largestmutualdifferenceofnotmorethan2mm.toguideusthroughthesurveyworkintheconstructionofanumberoftechnicalassurancetoensuretheaccuracyandmeasurementaccuracythroughfullymeetthenationalrequirementsoftheroleplayedgood.Theaboveexperienceortheexperienceofminetoldmethenextsurvey,inparticularthroughthemeasurementofminehasaverypracticalsignificanceforguidingtheotherthroughthemeasurementofrockgoldminehavereferencework.译文：大型井巷道贯通工程实践姚延昭陈爱国孔祥阁高海军王占东（敖汉旗撰山子金矿）1工程概况20世纪80年代末期，撰山子金矿在矿区东南侧发现27#脉,矿脉较厚，品位不低，储量可观，于是便实施改扩建工程，延深2条竖井，新建一座选矿厂，投产后生产能力达150t/d。采用全泥氤化-锌粉置换工艺的新选矿厂位于27#脉井口附近，以处理该坑口矿石为主，阳坡坑口矿石为副。而两坑口相距仅685m，阳坡坑口矿石提升全地表后由ZL-30铲装机装入5t翻斗车运全选矿厂。改扩建工程设计时,27#脉主竖井为双罐平衡锤提升，计划下掘至8中段，中段高度40m。8中段标高为387m。主竖井提升能力达200t/d。为了减少矿石运到地表装运费用，并为消除阳坡坑口部分矿石不合理反向运输，同时，地表运矿时受天气干扰，计划阳坡井从5中段延深至6中段，并使6中段设计标高同样为387m。然后选择一合适贯通方案，把阳坡坑口6中段以上生产的矿石，统一运至27#主竖井提升全地表原矿仓。这便产生了2条竖井同时延深，并于387m水平2条井相互贯通的大型井巷贯通工程。2贯通方案选择与实施工程性质：1990年，实施改扩建工程设计计划,27#脉主竖井全面改造与延深,阳坡井也要延深。2条竖井延深工程量580m，再加上387m水平的贯通运输大巷840m，则其总井巷贯通工程量超过1400m。按《岩金矿山地质及测量工作条例》中有关规定,本工程属于大型贯通工程。方案选择：2条竖井都在延深，如何实现工程贯通便有两个可行方案。第一方案：阳坡竖井延深至6中段,石门见5#脉后，沿矿脉走向南东探矿。27#脉竖井延深至8中段，向南打50m调车场和石门，再向西南穿脉120m见27~1#脉后，改由此脉走向西北掘进。从成矿理论上看,此两脉同属于相同的构造裂隙,由于构造裂隙发育程度及形成时间等因素而形成相互独立又有联系的两个矿体。沿脉掘进，必然贯通。工程实施:387m贯通工程巷道设计规格2-0mX2・5m,是我矿大型运输巷道。工程完成后，阳坡坑口6中段以上所有矿石经各中段马头门2-2-2第二方案阳坡竖井延深工程量少。1991年7月，石门穿脉见5#脉后，便向南东开拓及探矿,至1992年初，探矿延伸近600m,此时27#脉主竖井刚延深至8中段。为加快贯通速度,改善作业条件，可从阳坡井6中段5#脉探矿巷道6543测点,与27#脉8中段北侧马头门20m处直接定向掘进,直通工程量约400m。方案确定：第一方案优点是以探矿为目的，贯通与生探结合;缺点有距离长、弯道多、掘进条件恶劣，即使贯通,因需再进行采准切割等工程，因而难以担当起运干线的任务。第二方案优点贯通距离短、施工条件好、主十运输巷道几乎无弯道，可大大缩短工期，节省费用，故按第二方案实施。垂直溜矿井，使用振动放矿机装入矿车，用4t电机车运至27#脉主竖井提升全地表原矿仓。除阳坡坑口5#脉沿脉探矿在含金黄铁矿石英脉掘进之外，直通400多m工程所穿过岩石均为矿脉下盘结品灰岩与中性闪长岩，岩石坚硬稳固,不支护，无涌水,更无断层、断裂与破碎带。该平巷贯通工程主要由阳坡坑口组织工人按生产科下达计划施工。其中绝大多数工程是独头掘进月计划28m,即每天只完成一个凿岩爆破与出渣任务；但也曾组织过几个月的所谓快速掘进，即每天分4个小班，每两个小班完成一次掘进循环。这样，最高掘进速度每月84・7m。平巷贯通工程施工至1992年11月，阳坡坑口从6543测点向东也掘进200余m,井下运输距离远，通风条件差，工人劳动效率降低，因而决定与27#脉8中段北侧马头门27802测点相对掘进。整个工程历时2年多，于矿山测量工作，一般引用243地质大队测量小分队5〃精度的测量成果。阳坡近井点507号与27#脉近井点512号的坐标数值见表。3贯通测量方法井巷大型贯通工程，其技术关键与技术保证在于测量工作、测量精度与工作方法。今就我矿如何保证井巷大型贯通工程的测量工作，简单介绍如下。矿区控制网简介：我矿是先建矿生产，后勘探测量。矿区平面基本控制网点分别由核工业部243地质大队与辽宁省地勘局地球物理勘查大队于1989年与1991年完成。其基础是国家级II等九路山及111等北大山尖控制网。矿区正好座落于其间。地表有相应精度的平面控制网。通过我矿多年应用检验认为，243地质大队5〃级小三角测量首级控制网，其精度完全可满足矿山各项