时态讲解(初中英语)

时态讲解一般现在时态(一)应用场合1.一般现在时态用来表示经常，反复，习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态表示频率的副词：sometimes（有时）,often（经常）,usually（通常）,always（总是）时间状语：inthemorning/afternoon/evening（在上午/下午/晚上）,everyday/week/month/year（每天/周/月/年,atnoon/night（在中午/夜里）,onMonday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）eg：Bruceusuallywalkstoschool.

布鲁斯通常步行去上学。WehavetwoP.Eclasseseveryweek.我们每周上两节体育课。2.表示现在的特征或状态eg:Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.她总是乐于助人。

Heis13yearsold.他13岁了。3.表示事实或客观真理，或在谚语中eg:Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.太阳每天东升西落。

Whenthereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。（二）基本句型1.肯定句：①主语+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+动词-s+其他eg:TheyliveinChina.他们住在中国。

Helikeseatingapples.他喜欢吃苹果。2.否定句：①主语+don’t+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+动词原形+其他eg:Theydon’tliveinChina.他们不住在中国。

Hedoesn’tlikeeatingapples.他不喜欢吃苹果。3.一般疑问句：①Do+主语+动词原形+其他

②Does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他eg:DotheyliveinChina?

他们住在中国吗？

Doeshelikeeatingapples?

他喜欢吃苹果吗？注：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下：1）一般在动词后直接加s。如：talk–talks,live–lives。2）以s,x.,ch,sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如：watch–watches,wash–washes,go–goes。3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加es。如：carry–carries,fly–flies。4）特殊的，如：have的第三人称单数为has。课堂练习：1.Boboften______hismotherwiththehouseworkonSundaysA.help

B.helping

C.helps

D.helped

（中考题）2.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?

—Hesaidthattheearth________roundthesun.

（中考题）

A.go

B.goes

C.went

D.willgoII.

用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1．I

________(write)

to

you

as

soon

as

I

_______(get)

to

London.

2.

He

doesn't

feel

well

and

____________(not

eat)

any

food

this

morning.

3.

He

______

not

_______(see)

me

come

in,

for

he

___________(read)

something

with

great

interest.

9.

What

______

your

mother

_______(do)

at

eight

yesterday

evening?

She

_______(wash)

clothes.

15.

Will

you

come

if

he

_____________

(not

come)?

19.

I

don’t

know

if

Mr.Wang

______

(go)

to

Shanghai

tomorrow.

If

he

_____

(go),

I

______

(ask)

him

_______

(take)

some

books

to

my

daughter,

because

she

_______

(study)

there.

单项选择：

1.The

students

will

go

to

the

Summer

Palace

if

it

_____

tomorrow.

A.don’t

rain

B.

doesn’t

rain

C.

won’t

rain

2.

There

_____

an

English

film

next

week.

A.

will

have

B.

is

going

to

have

C.

is

going

to

be

D.

was

going

to

be

3.

They

_____

the

office

at

nine

yesterday

morning.

A.

reached

to

B.

arrived

C.

went

D.

get

to

4.

We

shall

go

to

Shanghai

on

business

before

you

_____

back

next

week.

A.

will

come

B.

came

C.

would

come

D.

come

5.

Don’t

smoke

until

the

plane

______

off.

A.takes

B.took

C.was

taken

D.is

take

6.

I

saw

her

____

the

room

this

morning.

A.to

enter

B.

entered

C.

enter

D.

enters

7.

John

is

always

______

others.

A.

help

B.

helping

C.

helps

D.

to

help

一般过去时(一)应用场合1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态时间状语：yesterday（昨天）,lastnight（昨晚）,lastweek（上个星期）,fourdaysago（四天前）,in2002（在2002年）,justnow（刚才）,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）eg:Hewenttotheparkyesterday.她昨天去了公园。（表示过去某个时间发生的动作）

Iwastenyearsoldin2003.我2003年才10岁。（表示过去某个时间存在的状态）2.表示过去习惯性的动作也用一般过去时表示频率的副词:表示频率的副词：always（总是），often（经常）,sometimes（有时）eg:Healwayswenttoschoolearlylastyear.他去年总是早早上学3表达去世的人所做的事往往也用一般过去时eg:YingZhengwasthefirstkinginChina.赢政是中国的第一个皇帝。（二）基本句型1.肯定句：主语+动词的过去式+其他

eg：Weenjoyedourselvesinthezooyesterday.我们昨天在动物园里玩得很高兴。2.否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他eg：Wedidn’tenjoyourselvesinthezooyesterday.我们昨天在动物园里玩得不高兴。3.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他eg：Didyouenjoyyourselvesinthezooyesterday?

你们昨天在动物园里玩得高兴吗？注：1）一般情况下，在动词原形后直接ed。如：play–played,look–looked。2）以e结尾的动词在其后加d。如：like–liked,use–used。3）与辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加ed。如：carry–carried,marry-married。4）以重读闭音节（或r音节）结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stop–stopped,prefer–preferred。当然，刚才提到的都是规则动词的构成，我们还学过许多不规则动词的过去式形式。如：put–put,see–saw,eat–ate等课堂练习中考题1.What______toheryesterdayevening?A.washappened

B.happened

C.happening

D.happen2.—Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.What’sthematter?

—I________welllastnight.

A.didn’tsleepB.don’tsleep

C.hasn’tsleptD.won’tsleep3.—When____you_____youroldfriends?

—Thedaybeforeyesterday.

A.will;visitB.did;visit

C./;visit

D.have;visited

用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What_____she_____(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She____(find)abeautifulbutterfly.9.It____(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday10.Weall___(have)agoodtimelastnight.现在进行时态(一)应用场合1.表示此时此刻正在发生的事或正在进行的动作时间状语：now,atthemomenteg：Theyaresingingatthemoment.

他们正在唱歌。

LiMingismakingareportnow.李明现在正在做报告2.现阶段正在发生的动作时间状语thesedayseg：Wearemendingthecarthesedays.

这些日子我们一直在修车。3.用现在进行时表示将来某些瞬间动词：come,leave,arrive,dieeg：Shesayssheiscomingsoon.

她说她马上就来。

Thematchgirlisdying.

那个卖火柴的小女孩快要死了。（二）基本句型1）肯定句：主语+am/is/are+V-ing+其他。eg：Nancyisreadingabooknow.

南茜正在读书。

Thetwinsareplayingintheirbedroom.

2）否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+其他。eg：Nancyisn’treadingabooknow.

南茜没有正在读书。

Thetwinsaren’tplayingintheirbedroom.

那对双胞胎没有正在卧室里玩3)一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+V-ing+其他eg：IsNancyreadingabooknow?

南茜正在读书吗？

Arethetwinsplayingintheirbedroom?

那对双胞胎正在卧室里玩吗？注：1现在分词（即V-ing形式）的构成1）一般在动词的后面直接加-ing。如：listen–listening,look–looking.2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing.如：take–taking,make–making.3）以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母再加ing。如sit–sitting,stop–stopping.4）特殊的如：lie–lying,die–dying等。2一般现在时和现在进行时的区别1）一般现在时用以说明客观事实或情况，或用于强调动作的永久性或经常性;而现在进行时强调动作正在进行，而且这个动作常含有未完成之意。如：

Weusuallyhavefourclassesinthemorning.我上午通常上四节课。

—Whycan’tLilygowithme?丽丽为什么不能和我们一起去呢？

—Becausesheisdoingherhomeworknow.因为她正在做作业。2）always用于一般现在时用于说明事实，一般不带有感情色彩；而现在进行时与always（即bealwaysdoingsth.）连用，常表示说话人的某种感情，如：赞扬，批评，厌烦等。如：

Healwaysworkslate.他总是工作到很晚。（表示事实）

Heisalwaysworkinglate.他总是工作到很晚。（表示赞扬）

Heisalwaystalkingbig.他老爱说大话。（表示厌烦）课堂练习中考题1.Look!Theboys________happilyintheriver.

A.swim

B.swam

C.willswim

D.areswimming

2.---Canyourbrothermakeamodelairplane?

---Yes,thisweekhe_______anewmodel.

A.builds

B.isbuilt

C.hadbuilt

D.isbuilding

3.—ShallweinviteTomtoplayfootballnow?

—Oh,no.He________hisclothes.

A.iswashing

B.washes

C.haswashed

用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother__________(cook)somenicefood

now.

4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisoursondoing?She______(listen)tomusic.

9.It’s

5

o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.一般现在时和现在进行时练习题()1.Who_____overtherenow?

A.singing

B.aresing

C.issinging

D.sing()2.It’seighto’clock.Thestudents___anEnglishclass.

A.have

B.having

C.ishavingD.arehaving()3.Listen!Thebaby____inthenextroom.

A.crying

B.cried

C.iscr