新世纪大学英语综合教程3Unit2语言知识点

精读U2GlobalReading_1PartsPara(s).MainIdeas121~23~7Loveishardtodefinebecauseitcanonlybefeltbutnotdescribed.Theauthordiscussesloveofdifferentdepthsfromherownexperiences.38~12Thetwogenerationshandleloveandrelationshipsdifferently.Theyoungergenerationtendstobemorehastyandselfishinbuildingrelationships.413~14Theauthoradvisesyoungpeopletolearntheessenceofloveandfindwaystodeveloprelationshipsintolifelongbonds.TextOrganizationholdon:

tocontinueinspiteofdifficultiesDetailedReading_t1_holdonDespiteallthehardships,heheldontohispursuitoffurtherstudyabroad.Weshouldholdontoourbusinessduringtherecession./depression在经济衰退时期我们要把业务坚持下去。defy:vt.1)tomakeimpossibleorunsuccessfulDetailedReading_t1_defy1Thisproblemdefiedsolution.Thathorriblescenedefiedanydescription.那个恐怖的场景难以描述。此问题无法解决。2)torefusetoobeyThesecriminalswhohaddefiedthelawwereeventuallypunished.defytheauthority

反抗权威defythegovernment

蔑视政府defyseverecold

不畏严寒defyenumeration

不胜枚举defylawshumananddivine

无法无天Collocations:DetailedReading_t1_defy2这些动词均含有“反抗”，“抵抗”之意。普通用词，可表不同程度的抵抗。指公开地、勇敢地反对或抵抗，有时含公然挑衅之意。指积极地反抗一种攻击、暴力或诱惑。CF:oppose,defy&resistopposedefyresist1.Ourtroopersaretheenemies’attacks.2.Thisnewplanhasbeenstubbornlysinceitwasputforward.3.Thelittleboycouldn’tthetemptationandateupallthecake.4.Hethecourtorderbyleavingthecountry.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.opposed_______resisting_______resist_____defied_____oppose,defy&resistoverwhelming:adj.overpoweringineffectorstrengthDetailedReading_t1_overwhelmingThegirlscreamedwithoverwhelmingjoyatthesightofherbirthdaypresent,apinkdress.巨大的压力终于让他精神崩溃了。Heeventuallygotanervousbreakdownundertheoverwhelmingpressure.given:prep.DetailedReading_t1_givenifonetakesintoaccount如果考虑到，倘若考虑到公司上半年业绩不佳(poorachievement)

，我们决定暂缓这次投资。Giventhecompany’spoorachievementinthefirsthalfoftheyear,wedecidedthattheinvestmentbeleftaside.Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.indulge:vi.DetailedReading_t1_indulge[oftenusedwithin]toallowoneselftohaveordosth.thatoneenjoys,esp.sth.thatisconsideredratherbadorharmful我们应该给孩子们提供更多引导，以免他们沉迷于电脑游戏。Weshouldgivethechildrenmoreguidance,incasetheyindulgein

PCgames.DetailedReading_t1_indulge这两个动词均含“纵容”，“迁就”之意。纵容，易造成性情的扭曲。例如：

指迁就或放任某人应该节制的欲望、要求或感情。例如：Don’tspoilthechildbygivinghimwhateverheasksfor.不要对孩子有求必应，这样会惯坏他。Shealwaysindulgesinidledaydreams.她总是沉溺于徒劳的白日梦中。CF:spoil&indulgespoilindulgegroom:vt.DetailedReading_t2_groomtotakecareoftheappearanceof(oneself)bydressingneatly,keepingthehairtidy,etc.Aflightattendantshouldalwaysbeperfectlygroomed.小女孩正在镜子前仔细地打扮自己。Thelittlegirlisgroomingherselfcarefullyinfrontofthemirror.空中服务员应该总是浑身上下干净利落。buildon/upon:DetailedReading_t3_buildontobaseonOurcompany’sfuturedevelopmentisbuiltonrecentsuccess.我们公司未来的发展是以近来的成功为基础的。好的婚姻应该建立在相互理解的基础上。Agoodmarriageshouldbebuiltonmutualunderstanding.affection:n.fondness;gentlelastinglove,likethatofaparentforachildDetailedReading_t3_affection1Theprincipalhadafatherlyaffectionfortheyoungsters.Theoldmanfeltgreataffectionforhisgranddaughter.这些名词均含“爱”，“热爱”之意。指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情，强调感情的深沉。比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。通常用于书面文字中，既可指对某人某物的喜欢，又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱，尤指长时间的爱。CF:affection,love&attachmentaffectionloveattachment1.Fatherlookedathislittledaughterinthewhiteweddingdresswithgreatandalittlesadness.2.IneverrealizemytothecomfortsofhomeuntilIhavetoleaveit.3.Theyoungcoupleeachothersomuchthattheycan’tstandamomentapart.DetailedReading_t3_affection2Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.love____affection_______attachment_________flesh:n.DetailedReading_t3_fleshthebodyasopposedtothemindorsoulThespiritiswillingbutthefleshisweak.Lifeisnotthepursuitoffleshpleasures.心有余而力不足。flesh-eating

食肉的fleshandblood

血肉之躯intheflesh

活生生的，本人makeone’sfleshcreep 心惊肉跳Collocations:constraint:n.

DetailedReading_t4_constraintsth.thatlimitsone’sfreedomofactionAllconstraintsvanishedbetweenthetwogirlssoon,andtheybegantotalkfreely.Weshouldnotignorethemoralconstraintsinourpursuitofsuccess.restraint:n.

DetailedReading_t4_restrainttheactofrestrainingortheconditionofbeingrestrainedThepoliceofficershowedgreatrestraintwhatevertheyoungmansaidtohim.随着孩子们渐渐长大，他们开始反抗父母的管束。Astheygrowolder,kidsbegintorebelagainsttherestraints

imposedbytheirparents.Idreamoflivingafreelife,awayfromtherestraintsofurbanexistence.haste:n.DetailedReading_t4_haste1quicknessofmovement,hurryWhyallthehaste?欲速则不达。Morehaste,lessspeed.这些词均含“迅速”，“急速”之意。中性词，用作褒义指动作迅速，事情做得又快又好；作贬义用时，指做事急躁，行为鲁莽，得不到预期的结果。多用于褒义，指行动敏捷，效果好。指急速从事某项活动或匆忙对付一件事情，含明显慌乱的意思。CF:haste,speed&hurryhastespeedhurryDetailedReading_t4_haste21.Don’tletanyoneyouintomakingadecisionyou’llregretlater.2.Inhistoleave,heforgothisbriefcase.3.PostalworkerslaboredovertimetodeliveryoftheChristmasmail.4.Ifyoudon’t,you’llmisstheplane.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.speed_____hurry_____haste_____hurry_____CF:haste,speed&hurrycompatible:adj.DetailedReading_t4_compatibleabletoexist,live,orbeusedtogetherorwith(anotherthing)Compatiblefamilyrelationsmakeachildmoretolerant.Certainkindsofdrugarenotcompatibleandshouldneverbetakentogether.Thisprinteriscompatiblewithmostcomputers.这台打印机与大多数计算机兼容。sensibility:n.DetailedReading_t4_sensibility1)abilitytoreceiveandappreciatedelicateimpressionsThispaintingshowshissensibilitytocolor.这篇文章挫伤了大多数读者的感情。Thisarticleoffendedmostreaders’sensibilities.2)capacityforbeingeasilyoffendedorshockedSheisagirlofsubtleandrefinedsensibilities.blamesth.onsth./sb.:DetailedReading_t5_blamesth.onsth./sbtoconsidersth./sb.responsibleforsth.badThepoliceblamedtheaccidentonthetaxidriver.Theyblamethefailureonhisstubbornattitude.他们把这次失败归咎于他顽固的态度。originate:vi.DetailedReading_t5_originate1tohaveasanestablishedstartingpointThestyleofarchitectureoriginatedfromtheAncientGreece.这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。Mostpeople’spsychologicalproblemsoriginateintheirearlyrelationshipwiththeirparents.DetailedReading_t5_originate2这些动词均有“起源”，“源自”之意。多与from连用，强调指从无到有的产生，表一种因果关系。强调产生变化的起源。强调变化的最终结果。CF:arise,originate&resultresultoriginatearise1.Oureffortsinsuccess.2.Thisisamistakethatfromabasicmisunderstanding.3.Theconceptof“zero”inIndia.4.Therearesomeproblemsoutofthelackofcommunication.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.arises_____resulted_______arising______originated________distort:vt.DetailedReading_t5_distorttogiveafalseordishonestaccountofTheannouncementwassodistortedthatIcouldn’tunderstandwhatwassaid.当他发现他的动机被歪曲时他很愤怒。Hefeltangrywhenherealizedthathismotiveshadbeendistorted.passion:n.DetailedReading_t5_passion1apowerfulemotion,suchaslove,joy,hatred,orangerHe’sbeenknowntoflyintoapassionwithoutwarning.没有什么感情比嫉妒在人类心中更根深蒂固了。Thereisnotapassionsostronglyrootedinthehumanheartasenvy.大家都知道他动不动就发火。这些名词的共同含义是“感情”或“情感”。普通用词，词义中性。泛指因外界刺激而引起思想情感从细微变化到最强烈的发作。例如：Shespokeunsteadilyinavoicethatbetrayedheremotion.她断断续续的讲话暴露了她的感情。CF:emotion,feeling,passion&sentimentemotionDetailedReading_t5_passion2

普通用词，含义广。多指具体的、内心的感受，或表露出来的强烈情感。例如：指极强烈的感情，尤指愤怒、爱好等。也常指两性间的爱情。例如： 一般指由一种思想激起的感情，含较大的理智因素。例如：Poetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.

Hispassionforhermadehimblindtoeverythingelse.Hedeliveredaspeechfullofloftysentiments.feelingpassionsentimentacquire:vt.DetailedReading_t5_acquire1togainbyone’sownability,effortsorbehaviorAfteryearsofstudyincollege,heacquiredproficiencyinmath.抽象派艺术要慢慢才会欣赏。Abstractartisanacquiredtaste.DetailedReading_t5_acquire2这些动词均含“获得”，“取得”，“得到”之意。

书面语用词，强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。较正式用词，着重指通过付出巨大努力而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。强调指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就，获得某种利益或好处。

普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。CF:acquire,obtain,gain&getgetgainobtainacquire1.Healwaysmanagestowhathewants.2.Recentlyheasmallfortuneinrealestate.3.IttakesalongtimetoagoodknowledgeofEnglish.4.Inotingbuttroubleformyefforts.gained______obtain/get________got___acquire______CF:acquire,obtain,gain&getharden:v.DetailedReading_t6_harden(causesth.)tobecomehard,strong,unyielding,etcThevarnishtakesafewminutestoharden.战士们顽强地面对前线的生活。Thesoldierswerehardenedtolifeonthefrontier.清漆几分钟就能变硬。Attitudestothestrikehavehardenedonbothsides.sufficient:adj.DetailedReading_t6_sufficient1beingasmuchasisneededMostpeoplehavesufficientincomeforacomfortableretirement.晚宴准备了足够一百号人吃的食物。Thepartyofferedsufficientfoodforahundredguests.

指数量上足够，质量上适当。最普通用词，口语、书面语都可用，较强调分量或数量的足够，多指希望的满足。正式用词，强调数目、数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。CF:adequate,enough&sufficientsufficientenoughad