大学英语综合教程Unit-12-gender-differences

GenderDifferencesTask1:

Doyouknowthat?Task2:

ApoemTask3:

WivesandbreadwinnersTask4:ManandwomanDumbman+dumbwoman=Smartman+smartwoman=Dumbman+smartwoman=GenderDifferencesromanceaffairmarriage

Genderdifferenceisatermusedtorefertosocialcharacteristicthatdistinguishmenandwomen.Theseincludesuchthingsasdifferencesinhairstyles,clothing,familyresponsibilities,occupationalroles,acceptablebehaviorandotherculturallylearnedactivitiesandtraits.Allofthesedifferencesarelinkedtothenon-biologicalnotionsofmasculinityandfemininitywhichvaryfromoneculturetoanother.GenderDifferencesScanthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Thenworkingroupstodecidewhetherthecharacteristicsaremen’sorwomen’saccordingtotheinformationyouget.

Doyouknowthat?

Clickthepicturetogettheanswersuffermoreillnesses haveahigherrateofcolorblindness havealargerbrain aremorelikelytohaveaheartattack havemorefears livelonger likediamondshapes missmorework

√√√√√√√√HowdoesTennysonseetherolesofmenandwomen?Explainhispoeminyourownwords.Youmaybeginyourexplanationwith:Hispoemtellsusthatmanworksinthefieldwhilewomanshouldstayathome.Man…ReadthepoembyAlfredTennyson(1809-1892)carefully.Workingroupsandanswerthequestionsbelow.Manforthefieldandwomanforthehearth(炉边,喻家庭)ManfortheswordandfortheneedlesheManwiththeheadandwomanwiththeheartMantocommandandwomantoobey;Allelseconfusion.—fromThePrincess(1847)APoemWatchtheinterviewonWivesAreBreadWinnersandanswerthefollowingquestionswiththeideasyougetfromit.Whyisthereahighdivorcerateinthefamilieswhichwivesearnmore?2.Howdowomenoftenfeelwhentheygetmoreforthefamily?3.Whataremasculineandfeminine?WivesAreBreadWinnersWivesAreBreadWinnersWhowilldothefollowingthings,manorwoman?Couldyouthinkofsimilaronesasmanyaspossibleaboutthedifferentpersonalityofmanandwoman?Pay$200fora$100itemneeded.Pay$100fora$200itemaren’tneeded.WorriesaboutthefutureuntilgetstheotheroneNeverworriesaboutthefutureuntilgetstheotheroneOnewhomakesmoremoneythantheothercanspend.Theonewhohasthelastwordinanyargument.TheonewhosaysAnythingafterthatisthebeginningofanewargument.Onewhocanfindsuchaperson.

Tobehappywithaman,youmustunderstandhimalotandlovehimlittle.

Tobehappywithawoman,youmustloveheralotandnottrytounderstandheratall.ManandWomanAwomanmarriesamanexpectinghewillchange,buthedoesn't.Amanmarriesawomanexpectingthatshewon'tchange,andshedoes.Womenlovecats.Mensaytheylovecats,butwhenwomenaren'tlooking,menkickcats.Awomanknowsallaboutherchildren,bestfriends,favoritefoods,secretfearsandhopesanddreams.Amanisvaguelyawareofsomeshortpeoplelivinginthehouse.Possiblecharacteristicsoftheidealhusband/wife:Idealhusbandtall,handsomeandstrong2)capableofsupportingafamilyIdealwife

1)beautifulandhealthy2)warm-heartedIdealWifeandIdealHusbandDirections:Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Fromyourpointofview,whatarethecharacteristicsoftheidealwifeandtheidealhusband?2)Wouldtheidealwifeandtheidealhusbandhavebeendifferentinyourparents’generationandinyourgrandparents’generation?Ifso,how?ManandWomanThisisanunusualbutinterestingcustominThailand.Watchthevideoandlistencarefully,thentryyourbesttoretelltheinformationyougetaboutthecustominyourownwords.Workinpairstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Amanshouldbemasculine.Heshouldbestrongandresponsibleenoughtoprotectwomen,childrenandtheoldinafamilyandinthesociety.Hecaresmoreabouthiscareerandsuccessthanhislooks.However,awomanshouldbefeminine,tender,considerateandsmart.Sheshouldspendmoretimeonhouseholdaffairs,onchildrenandtheoldathome.What’sthetypicalimageofaman/womanintraditionalmold?SampleYes.Thereisaculturebiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.Sometimesteachersunknowinglypreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclassbyassigningthemdifferenttasks.Forexample,Inascienceclass,theteacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientificexperimentwhilethegirlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.

Isthereanygender-biasineducation?Ifso,what’sthesituation?Canyougiveanexampletoillustrateit?SampleThismaydeprivegirlsofthechanceofhands-onwork,avitallearningexperiencethatwouldaffecttheirentirelives.(AnotherexampleisthatthetypicalAmericanteachersassumethatboyswilldobetterinmathandsciencesubjectswhilegirlshavebetterverbalandreadingskills.Thisattitudeinteachingleadstoboys’problemsinreadingandgirls’lackofinterestsinscience.)作形容词时，female表示“女的”、“女性的”、“雌的”之意，着重指性别而言，经常与之搭配的词有：***，child，friend，companion，heir，ruler，servant，ward，voice，figure，suffrage，education，animal，plant等，其对语是male。例：Yesterdaywereceivedalotofguests，maleandfemale，inVictoriaPeakGarden．昨日我们在山顶公园接待了很多来宾，有男的也有女的。Hisyoungersister，itissaid，afemaleoperative．据说，他的妹妹是个女工。Adoeisfemaledeer．牝鹿就是雌鹿。Feminine着重指“有女性气质的”之意，经常与之搭配的词有nature，sympathy，weakness，virtue，frivolity，curiosity，voice，pursuits，hobbies，clothes等其对语是masculine．例：Shehasgotallthefemininevirtues．她具有全部女性的长处。Thisgentlemanhasgotafemininevoice．这位男士说话的声音像女子。注：femaleeducation和feminineeducation的涵义并不相同，前者是“女子教育”，后者是“适合于妇女的教育”。femalevoice和femininevoice的内涵亦不相同，前者是“女声”，说话的人肯定是女子，后者是“女性般的声音”，说话人有可能是男子。female和feminine也可以用作名词，作名词时，前者义“女性”或“妇女”，如：Afemalehasjustcalled．（一个女人刚来访过）。但因有贬低的意味，一般不用afemale来指女人而用alady（一位女士）。feminine则作“阴性”解，例如在英语语法书里，thefeminine的意思是“阴性”，它等于thefemininegender．ExerciseThegirlisrather_________inappearance.masculineTodaydiscrimination(歧视)against_______job-seekersstillexists.femaleAsweknow,_____animalsaremoreaggressiveunderattack.male请用masculine，feminine,male或female填空。________educationneedsmoresocialconcern.Femininebiasn.aprejudiceorpreferencethatinterfereswithafairjudgment偏见，成见他们抱怨那份报纸报道那个事件的方式存在偏见。

Theycomplainedofbiasinthewaythenewspaperreportedtheincident.

TranslationThatemployeeshouldbeevaluatedwithoutanybias.在评价那位员工的时候不可以存在偏见。相关词语biasedadj.preferringoneperson,thing,orideato

anotherinawaythatisunfair

偏袒一方的，有偏见的请完成下面的句子。Exercise__________________________________________whowashisneighbor’sson.那位评委支持三号候选人，他肯定是有偏见的。因为该候选人是他邻居的儿子。IntheUnitedStates,almostallthenewsmedia_________________________________________.在美国，几乎所有的媒体在立场上都会偏向某一个政党。arebiasedtowardsonepoliticalpartyortheotherThejudgewasbiasedinfavorofthethirdcandidate处理英语长句的翻译技巧（二）拆译法拆译法就是将英语句子中有些成分，比如词、词组、插入成分或者从句，从句子的主干中拆分出来处理，或变成短句，或变成独立句等。这些成分可改变位置，但是要利于译文句子的总体安排，使译文自然、通顺。

ThenumberofyoungpeopleintheUnitedStateswhocannotreadisincredible---aboutoneinfour.（单词拆译）大约四分之一的美国年轻人不具备阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。Letusadmit,andregret,thathehonestlybelievesitimpossibletodifferfromhim.（单词拆译）我们不得不承认，他真的相信凡与他抱不同见解的人不可能是一个正人君子，这是令人遗憾的事。Thereisatidetakenatthefloodintheaffairsnotonlyofmenbutofwomentoo,whichleadsontofortune.（词组拆译）人生在世，有时会走运，抓住时机，就能飞黄腾达，不但男性如此，女性也一样。Withthefearof,largelyimaginary,plotsagainsthisleadership,hisself-confidenceseemedtotallytodeserthim.由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导地位，他似乎完全丧失了自信，但是所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己凭空想象出来的。AfriendlycorrespondenceasneighborsandoldacquaintanceshadcontinuedbetweenmeandMrs.Read’sfamily,whoallhadaregardformefromthetimeofmyfirstlodgingintheirhouse.（从句拆译）从我第一次入住他们家开始，里德太太一家人就一直对我很关心，我们像是友好的邻居，又像是相识多年的老朋友那样，书信来往始终未断。Thisland,whichoncebarredthewayofwearytravelers,nowhasbecomealandforwinterandsummervacations,alandofmagicandwonder.（从句拆译）现在此处已经成为冬夏两季的度假胜地，风光景物，蔚为奇观；而从前，筋疲力尽的旅游者到此只得止步。Somemenhavebeenvirtuousblindly,othershavespeculatedfantastically,andothershavebeenshrewdtobadpurposes.（单词拆译）有些人品行端正，但却不去推究为什么要这样做；有些人深思熟虑，但却流于脱离现实；有些人非常精明，但却把精明用于邪道。Nextdoor,alarger-than-expectedaudienceof300attendedtheFifteenthInternationalConferenceonEnvironmentProtection.（词组拆译）隔壁大厅里，参加“第十五届国际环境保护大会”的人数竟达300名之多，这真是出乎意料。OnbehalfofallofyourAmericanguests,IwishtothankyoufortheincomparablehospitalityforwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyfamousthroughouttheworld.（从句拆译）我谨代表所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们无可比拟的盛情款待，中国人民以这种热情好客而闻名于世。写作实践例文:GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduates相关链接Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduates.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothegiveninformationbelow:1.高校毕业生，尤其是女生，就业压力大；2.用人单位在招聘时以各种原因歧视女生；3.你对在就业中“男女不平等”的看法。GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduatesInrecentyears,thenumberofcollegegraduatesisskyrocketing(猛涨),whilethenumberofjobvacancies(空缺)islimitedandseeminglyshrinking.Ifyoupayattentiontothe“wantads”innewspapersorontheCampusInformationBoard,youcanfindwordslike“malespreferably,”oreven“malesONLY.”WhenhuntingforjobsintheTalentFair,femalegraduatesaremorelikelytosensethebiasinemploymentthatfavorsmalegraduatesoverfemales.Thediscriminationagainstfemalesinemploymentwidelyexistsforavarietyofreasons.Theemployershavetheirsoundreasons—womenarenotfitforsomeofthejobstheyoffer.Mostemployersbelievethatwomenwouldnotdevotethemselvestotheircareersasmuchasmendo,fortheyspendmoretimeandenergyonfamilylifeorhousework.Apartfromthis,itisgenerallyacceptedthatfemalesarephysicallyandintellectuallyinferiortomales,sotheyarenotabletocontributemuchduetotheirincapability.Furthermore,thebiologicaldifferenceisanotherobstaclethathinderswomenfromobtainingcertainpositions.Asamatteroffact,itisnotprimarilybiologythatdetermineswomen’srolesinsociety,butsocialprejudices(偏见).Menhavebeenviewedasthebreadwinnerofthefamily,whilewomenareexpectedtotakecareofthechildrenandtodothehousework.Theemployers’discriminationagainstfemalesnotonlydeprivesthemoftheopportunitytofulfilltheirdreams,butgreatlydiscouragesthemaswell—eventhoughtheiracademicperformancesarebetterthanmales,thechancesforthemtogetjobsarefewer.Inreality,iffemalesaretreatedsimilarly,theyhavethesamepotentialastheirmalecounterparts（男同胞）andcanaccomplishsimilargoals.Para1FeatureoflanguageP_______Easilym________andM_______Reason:complicated________\n______________speciall_________G_________?1__________________?2_________________Para2Words1.o________2.manwomanexaltedpositionsub________D________Supre__________H__________manofthehouse,definited__________Para3AmericaWordspairsPara4NilsonFemale1.________Eg:________2.virginitylooseMaleActive__________Para5LinguisticconnotationNilsonshrewShrewdtomboyPara6Friendlytalk:BabeBroadChick?Whychoosewhen_______________Para7CallforachangeHow?________________1.Whichtwoopinionsarepresentedinthefirstparagraph?Therearethosewhobelievethatthelanguagethatweuseeverydayisbiasedinandofitself.Thentherearethosewhofeelthatlanguageisareflectionoftheprejudicesthatpeoplehavewithinthemselves.2.What’sthemainstrategytodevelopthisexpositiveessay?Thetextismainlydevelopedbymeansofexemp________.ExamplesareabundantlyusedinParagraphs2-63.Whichsentencesintheconclusionshowthewriter’sattitude?Inthelastparagraph,wefindthesesentences:“Itisnecessaryforpeopletomaketheproperadjustmentsinternallytouseappropriatelanguagetoeffectivelyincludebothgenders.Wequalifylanguage.Itisuptoustodecidewhatwewillallowtobeusedandmadeproperintheareaoflanguage.”Evidently,theydenotethewriter’sattitudetowardwhatweshoulddoaboutgenderbiasinlanguage.wordsNuanceMasculinefemininePerpetuateEnforceUnmeritedDiscerningCommonplacequalifyDifficultsentencesPara1YetitisoftenPara2TherearewordsPara5tobeendowedbygeneticsbeinvolvedintrouble卷入纠纷beinvolvedindisaster陷入不幸ataskwhichinvolvesmuchdifficulty困难重重的任务involveanumbertothefifthpower把某数乘五次方Cloudsinvolvedthemountaintop.云雾笼罩山头。Hewasinvolvedinworkingoutaplan.他专心致志地制订计划。beinvolvedin包含在...;与...有关;被卷入;专心地(做)beinvolvedwith涉及becomeinvolvedin卷入,陷入getinvolvedwith给...缠住Identified1.Wealthcan'tbeidentifiedwithhappiness.

财富不能同幸福等同起来。2.Itssuccesswillnowbeidentifiedwithshort-termmovementsonWallStreet.

它的成功现在将由华尔街上的短期运动来确认。3.ThereasonsPlato'spoliticalthoughtdevelopedinthisdirectioncannot

beidentifiedwithassurance.

原因柏拉图的政治思想仍在发展，这个方向不能确定与保证。偏向某个观点或某一方时，我们一般用bias1.偏见,成见;偏心2.倾向,趋势;偏爱3.斜线,斜纹4.【电】偏压a.1.斜的;斜纹的ad.1.偏斜地,对角地vt.1.使存偏见;使有偏心[H]2.加偏压于bias表达是偏向某一方的偏见，而prejudice是歧视某一方的偏见claim索赔request指语气委婉的请求require指正式的“要求；命令”希望得到遵守attachto表示“相关，依附”一般表示一种人的关系或者物体的物理关系一般讲人比如Theyareveryattachedtoeachother.他们关系特别密切。但是也可以讲东西的附着关系，比如Thechequeisattachedtotheletter.支票已经被附在信件上了。而connectwith是连接，一般讲的是电器也可以说两个人的思维连接比如Iconnectwithherideaof....我对于她的这一想法有共鸣。link:多指两个物体的连接(具体)

connect:多指两个事件的连接(抽象)

attach:一个物体附着(附属)于另一个物体

forexample是举一个实例，是个句子。较常用。forinstance通常接一个事情。forexample表示很多例子中一个forinstance表示实例，一个事实"Forinstance"isusedfordescribinganexampleofaparticularkindofsituation.

"Forexample"=inparticular;specifically;thus;so;totakesomethinglikeasanillustration

Hi,youaskedaquestionofalifetime.Thisquestionhasbeeninmindforthepastmanyyearsandyoufinallyaskedit.Letshopetogetasmanyanswersaspossibleandthenwewillseewhicho