英语-二级课件unit1reading

BeforereadingGlobalreadingDetailedreadingAfterreadingSurveyIhaveadreamSocialaffairsintheUSDiscussionBeforereadingSurveyCheckthestatementsonp2whicharetrueforyou.Thenworkinpairstogiveadescriptionofwhatyouaredoingnow.SurveyIneedatleasttwoalarmclockstogetmeupinthemorning.Ialwaysleavewritingessaysuntilthelastminute.Thebestthingaboutmylifeasastudentisthepartying.Itakepartineveryprotestoncampus.IthinkImaybestudyingthewrongsubject.Icametocollegetogetaneducation,I’mnotthinkingaboutwhatjobI’dlike.I’mcrazyabouttheBeatles.Ithinknoonehaseverimprovedontheminiskirt.I’mnotinterestedinpolitics.Ifeelyoungpeoplecanchangetheworld.ExampleA:Doyouneedatleasttwoalarmclockstogetyouupinthemorning?B:No,IalwaysgetupearlyinthemorningtopractisemyEnglishinacorneroncampus.Whataboutyou?A:…SocialaffairsReadapassageaboutsocialaffairsintheUSduringthe1960s.Takenotesonthemainpoints.SocialaffairsThe1960sbeganwiththeelectionofthefirstpresidentborninthe20thcentury--JohnKennedy.FormanyAmericans,theyoungpresidentwasthesymbolofaspiritofhopeforthenation.WhenKennedywasmurderedin1963,manyfeltthattheirhopesdied,too.Thiswasespeciallytrueofyoungpeople,andmembersandsupportersofminoritygroups.Atimeofinnocenceandhopesoonbegantolooklikeatimeofangerandviolence.MoreAmericansprotestedtodemandanendtotheunfairtreatmentofblackcitizens.MoreprotestedtodemandanendtothewarinVietnam.Andmoreprotestedtodemandfullequalityforwomen.MoreSocialaffairsBythemiddleofthe1960s,ithadealmostimpossibleforPresidentLyndonJohnsontoleavetheWhiteHousewithoutfacingprotestersagainstthewarinVietnam.InMarchof1968,heannouncedthathewouldnotrunforanotherterm.InadditiontoPresidentJohnKennedy,twootherinfluentialleadersweremurderedduringthenineteensixties.CivilrightsleaderMartinLutherKingJuniorwasshotinMemphis,Tennesseein1968.Severalweekslater,RobertKennedy--JohnKennedy'sbrother--wasshotinLosAngeles,California.Hewascampaigningtowinhisparty'snominationforpresident.Theirdeathsresultedinriotsincitiesacrossthecountry.IHaveaDreamListentoapartofMartinLutherKing’sspeechIHaveaDreamandcompletethesentences.Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupand1)__________thetruemeaningofitscreed:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal.”IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgia,thesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslaveownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableof

2)_______________.IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatof3)_________,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisof4)__________andjustice.Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheir5)__________.brotherhoodinjusticecharacterliveoutfreedomIhaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatoneday,downinAlabama,withitsviciousracists,withitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsof“interposition”and“nullification”--onedayrightthereinAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeableto6)__________withlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,andeveryhillandmountainshallbemadelow,the7)______placeswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight;andthe8)_________oftheLordshallberevealedandallfleshshallseeittogether.roughgloryjoinhandsInthe1960s,youngpeoplegotthemselvesinvolvedinseekingfreedomandjusticewhileyoungpeopletodayaremainlyconcernedabouthowtoimprovetheirchancesofbeingcompetitiveintheemploymentmarket.Basedonwhatyou’vegotaboutthelifeinthe1960s,howdoyouthinkthelifeofyoungpeoplehaschanged?DiscussionTextorganisationTextevaluationGlobalreadingLanguageandcultureExpressingcontrastinginformationComprehendingthetexttheSorbonnetheJuniorCommonRoomanindiefilmJimiHendrixLennyBruceWilliamWordsworth(SeeStudent’sBook,p3)TheVietnamWarTheFrenchRevolution

(SeeTeacher’sBook,p3&4)LanguageandCultureTextorganisationReadthetextquicklyandfillintheflowcharttounderstandthestructureofthetext.TextOrganisationStudentsinthe1960sTopicStudentstodayConclusionCollege:special?Collegeisn’tspecialanymore.clickclickclickclickTextOrganisationCollege:aplacetotasterealfreedomSupportingidea1

Supportingidea2

College:aplacetofight

forfreedomandjusticeAgeneralideaaboutcollegeinthe1960s

aplacetoexperienceexcitingandstimulatinglifeTextOrganisationSupportingidea1

Supportingidea2

Ageneralideaaboutcollegetoday

College:amereplacetoincreasechancesofgettingagoodjobCollege:aplacenotdifferentfromtherealworldaplacewhichproducesnopassionComprehendingthetextWorkingroups.Group1readPara.1-4tocheckthetruestatementsaboutthe1960s.Group2readPara.5-7tocheckthetruestatementsabouttheUKtoday.ComprehendingthetextGroup1readPara.1-4tocheckthetruestatementsaboutthe1960s.studentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleydidnotprotest.studentsinEuropeandtheUSspentalotoftimeprotesting.therewasviolenceonuniversitycampusesinEurope.studentsandworkerswentonstriketogetherinFrance.theUKPrimeMinisterhadtoresignbecauseofstudentprotests.studentsdiscoveredasenseoffreedomoncampus.ComprehendingthetextGroup2readPara.5-7tocheckthetruestatementsabouttheUKernationalstudentsaremoreinterestedinlifestylethanqualityofcourses.studentsneedtheirparentsforfinancialhelp.studentsdon’tcontacttheirparentsasoftenastheyusedto.studentsdon’tenjoyuniversitylifeasmuchastheyusedto.ExpressingcontrastinginformationWorkingroupstofindoutexamplesofcontrastingtechniquesinthetext.“Collegeisn’tspecialone”isanopinionpieceof

writingwhichdiscussescollegelifeinthe60sandnow.

Toexpresstheideathatstudentlifehaschanged,the

authoradoptsthefollowing3techniques:WordssuggestingthechangeQuestionsComparativestructureWordssuggestingthechange:

Thesedayspolitical,socialandcreativeawakeningseemstohappennotbecauseofcollege,butinspiteofit.

Yetcollegeeducationisnolongeratopicofgreatnationalimportance.

Insteadoftheheadyatmosphereoffreedomwhichstudentsinthe1960sdiscovered,studentstodayaremuchmoreserious.

Gonearethedayswhenasonordaughterranghomeonceortwiceaterm.ExpressingcontrastinginformationQuestions:

Where’sthepassiontoday?

What’sthematterwithcollege?

Sowhyaren’ttheytrueforthestudentsoftoday?Comparativestructure:Insteadoftheheadyatmosphereoffreedomwhichstudentsinthe1960sdiscovered,studentstodayaremuchmoreserious.Inanuncertainworld,manychildrenrelyontheirparents’supportmuchlongerthantheyusedto.Expressingcontrastinginformation

Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofauniversity

education?

Shoulditbeanendinitselforameanstoanend?

Whatfactorsinfluencedyourchoiceofuniversityand

thecourseyouaredoing?

Ifyouhadthechancetocontinueyourstudiesabroad,

whatfactorswouldinfluenceyourchoiceofdestination?

Whydoyoungpeopleprotestmorethanoldpeople?5.Doyouthinktoday’syoungpeopleinChinaareverydifferentfromthepreviousgenerations?TextevaluationWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions,each

groupwithonequestiononly.clickclickclickclickclick1.Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofauniversity

education?

Shoulditbeanendinitselforameansto

anend?Textevaluation(1)totrainpeopletocreatethinkingandthings(2)totransmittheories,knowledgeandskillsAnendinitselfAmeanstoanendgiveSsthenecessaryabilitiestosurviveintherealworldandtocontributetosociety2.Whatfactorsinfluencedyourchoiceofuniversityand

thecourseyouaredoing?Textevaluationfactorsintereststraditionqualityofcoursesofferedteachingstafflearningenvironmentlocation3.Ifyouhadthechancetocontinueyourstudies

abroad,whatfactorswouldinfluenceyourchoiceof

destination?Textevaluationqualityofcourses

offeredteachingstafffactorshowtheuniversity

andstaffcare

abouttheirstudents4.Whydoyoungpeopleprotestmorethanoldpeople?TextevaluationWecanchange

theworld!strong

energynofeareasily

manipulated5.Doyouthinktoday’syoungpeopleinChinaarevery

differentfromthepreviousgenerations?TextevaluationhavegreatpressurebespoiltDifficultsentencesWordstonoteDetailedreadingDifficultsentences1.Theliberalsrepliedthatitwastheabilitytotolerate

noisy,dissidentminoritieswhichmadeuniversities

great.(para.2)英语常用的强调结构是“Itis(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who(that)...”。一般说来,被强调部分指人时，用who；指事物时用that，但that也可以指人。在美国英语中指事物时常用which来代替that。翻译：自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、唱反调的少数人。(1)ItwasIsadoraDuncanwho＿＿＿＿responsible

formanyoftheinnovationsthathavemade

moderndancedifferentfromclassicalballet.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were(2)MoreoftenitisthePresident,＿＿＿＿andnot

themembersofhiscabinet,tothepopulace.A.whichappeal

B.thatappeal

C.whoappeal

D.whoappeals(3)It___Ithat____againstyou.A.am,isB.is,

isC.is,amD.was,am(4)____thatyouleftyourcoat？A.ItwaswhereB.Wherewasit

C.WasitwhereD.WasthatwhereAnalsTrans

Ex.Difficultsentences2.Everywhere,goingtocollegemeantyourfirsttasteofrealfreedom,oflatenightsinthedormorintheJuniorCommonRoom,discussingthemeaningoflife.(para.4)翻译：不论在什么地方，上大学都意味着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的滋味。oflatenights前省略了yourfirsttaste;theJuniorCommonRoom意为学生活动室AnalsTransDifficultsentences3.Thesedayspolitical,socialandcreativeawakening

seemstohappennotbecauseofcollege,butinspite

ofit.(para.5)翻译：现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。inspiteofsthisusedforreferringtoafactthatmakessomethingelsesurprising.AnalsTransDifficultsentences4.Somepeopledropout,butthemostapatheticstaythecoursebecauseit’stoomuchefforttoleave.(para.5)“Staythecourse”isusedinthecontextofawarorbattlemeaningtopursueagoalregardlessofanyobstaclesorcriticism.ItsmodernusagewaspopularizedbyAmericanpresidentsGeorgeH.W.BushandRonaldReagan.ThephrasewasfirstusedbyBushinJuly2003whiletalkingabouthisplanforIraq,“Wewillstaythecourse,wewillhelpthisyoungIraqidemocracysucceed…”翻译：有些人辍学，但大多数已经有些麻木，还是坚持混到

毕业，因为离开学校实在是太费事了。AnalsTransDifficultsentences5.Collegehaseameanstoanend,an

opportunitytoincreaseone’schancesonthe

employmentmarket,andnotanendinitself,which

givesyouthechancetoimagine,justforashortwhile,

thatyoucanchangetheworld.(para.6)这句话主语为college，谓语hase，表语为ameanstoanend，anopportunity…employmentmarket作为ameanstoanend的同位语。notanendinitself同样为hase的表语，与前面的ameanstoanend形成对比，它还做定语从句whichgivesyouthechancetoimagine的主语。imagine后面跟了一个宾语从句thatyoucanchangetheworld。翻译：大学已变成实现目的的手段，是在就业市场上增加就业

几率的一个机会，上大学本身不再是目的，不再是给你提供

一个机会，让你暂时想象一下：你能够改变世界。AnalsTransDifficultsentences6.Gonearethedayswhenasonordaughterranghomeonceortwiceaterm.(para.7)Gonearethedayswhen意思为“······日子一去不复返了”。注意后面的从句中要用过去时。也可以变换句型Thedayswhen…aregone.翻译：儿子或女儿每学期往家里打一两回电话的日子一去不复返了。ThinkoftwosentencestodescribethechangesinyourlifeusingthestructureGonearethedayswhen.AnalsTrans

Ex.Difficultsentences7.“Blisswasitinthatdawntobealive,

Buttobeyoungwasveryheaven!”(paras.8-9)这是一个倒装句。原句应是Itwasblisstobealiveinthatdawn.It

指代

tobealiveinthatdawn.Blisswas

/

isittodosth.

和itwas

/

isheaventodosth.

都表示“做······是一件非常幸福的事情。”翻译：“在那黎明时分活着是至福，但年轻就是非常美妙的事情！”Discussinpairsthefollowingproverb:Innocenceisbliss.(无知便是福。)AnalsTrans

Ex.WordstonoteNewWordsPhrasesclashestablishment

passion

protest

alliance

launch

characterizeemploymentprospectobscure

giverisetosth.bringaboutkeepoffinitselfclashn.&v.

afightorbattlebetweentwogroupsofpeople;averyangryargumentbetweentwopeopleorgroupsCompletethesentenceswithappropriateprepositions.(1)Yesterdaysawviolentclashes__________policeandprotesters.(2)Theprimeministerfacesaclash_________businessleaderstomorrow.(3)HisT-shirtclashes_________hisshorts.(4)Alotofproblemshavebeencausedbyaclash_________cultures.Doyouknowwhymanybandsbreakup?Becauseofpersonalityclashesbetweenmusicians.betweenwithwithofestablishmentn.

themostimportantandpowerfulpeopleinacountryorinasectionofsocietytheprocessofstartingorcreatingsomethingsuchasanorganizationFigureoutthemeaningofunderlinedwords.Theliteraryestablishmentgenerallylooksdownonartists.Johnwaseagertoestablishgoodrelationswiththebusinesscommunity.(3)Reaganquicklyestablishedhimselfasapromisingfilmactor.(4)It’sanoldestablishedfamilyfirm.文学界权威与······建立良好关系使自己成为······老牌的passionn.

apowerfulemotionsuchasloveorangerpassionatedesirepassionateinterestpassionateconcernpassionatebeliefTranslatethefollowingsentences.(1)他酷爱古典音乐。

Hehasapassionforclassicalmusic.(2)Hespokewithgreatpassionabouttheplightoftherefugees.

他慷慨激昂地讲述了难民们的困境。Ftestn.&v.

(1)astrongcomplaintordisagreement(2)somethingsuchasameetingbypeoplewhostronglydisagreewithapolicy,lawetc.

Figureoutthemeaningofunderlinedwords.(1)Theorganizationhasmadeaformalprotestagainstthenucleartesting.Wecannotpassthismatterbywithoutprotest.Thedecisionraised/provokedastormofprotestamongstudents.(4)Iwenttothedoctorunderprotest.不反对地,乐意地抗议,反对引起一片抗议的风暴不情愿地alliancen.

anarrangementbetweentwoormorepeople,groupsorcountriestoachievesomething

WhatdoesIAWreferto?What’sitsbasicprinciple?ThebasicprincipleoftheIAW(InternationalAllianceofWomen)isthatthefullandequalenjoymentofhumanrightsisduetoallwomenandgirls.

2.What’stheHolyAlliance?TheHolyAlliancewasacoalitionofRussia,AustriaandPrussiacreatedin1815atthebehestofCzarAlexanderIofRussia.Itwasagainstdemocracy,revolution,andsecularism.Answerthefollowingquestions.clickclicklaunchv.

tostartamajoractivityTranslatethefollowingexpressions.发射人造卫星

创办一个新企业

发动攻击

发起一次活动

将新产品投放市场launchaman-madesatellitelaunchanewenterpriselaunchanattacklaunchacampaignlaunchanewproductcharacterizev.

tobeatypicalqualityorfeatureofsomeoneorsth.

(1)Ambitionisa________________ofallsuccessfulbusinessmen.(2)Competitivesporthelpstodevelopone’s_________.(3)The1980swere______________byhighinflationandhighemployment.(4)Theyportrayhimasaweakleader,butIdon’tthinkthat’safair________________.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinthecolumn.characteristiccharactercharacterizedcharacterizationcharactercharacterizecharacterizationcharacteristicemploymentn.

workthatyouarepaidregularlytodoforapersonorcompany(1)His__________hasincreasedhissalary.(2)Aftergraduation,shefound_______________withalocalfinancecompany.(3)Thebossstruckoff100dollarsfromthesalaryofthe______________asfine.(4)Jeanwas______________bythecompanyasacomputerprogrammer.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinthecolumn.employemployeremployeeemploymentemployeremployedemploymentemployeeprospectn.

thepossibilitythatsth.willhappen,especiallysomethinggoodchancesofsuccess,esp.inajoborcareerCorrectthefollowingsentences.Doctorssaythereisfewprospectofanyimprovementinhiscondition.Youremploymentprospectwouldbemuchbetterifyoufinishedyourdegree.(3)Thenewjobbringsgoodprospectsofthefuture.littleprospectsforobscureadj.

notclearlyexpressedornoteasytounderstandnotknownaboutornotwellknownTranslatethefollowingsentences.Thepoemisobscuretothoseunlearnedintheclassics.

这首诗歌在不懂古典诗作的人看来是费解的。(2)他为什么退学的理由还不清楚。

Thereasonswhyhedroppedoutareobscure.

Analyzethepoem."InaStationoftheMetro"isanImagistpoembyEzraPoundpublishedin1913inPoetry.ThepoemattemptstodescribePound'sexperienceuponvisitinganundergroundmetrostationinParisin1912,andPoundsuggestedthatthefacesoftheindividualsinthemetrowerebestputintoapoemnotwithadescriptionbutwithan"equation".Becauseofthetreatmentofthesubject'sappearancebywayofthepoem'sownvisuality,itisconsideredaquintessentialImagisttext.clickgiveriseto

tomakesth.happenorbegin,esp.sth.unpleasantorunexpectedThinkofwordsorexpressionswithsimilarmeaning

togiveriseto.tocausetoleadtotoresultintocontributetoMakesentenceswithgiverisetoandcontributeto.Insteadofresolvingcontradictions,theseriesofmeasurestakenbythegovernmentgaverisetomoreviolentclashes.Honestyandhardworkcontributetosuccessandhappiness.bringabout

tomakesth.happen,esp.tocausechangesinasituationTranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish.反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工，最终导致政府的垮台。TheOppositionformedanalliancewiththetradeunionsandlaunchedageneralstrike,whichultimatelybroughtaboutthedownfallofthegovernment.LackofexerciseEatingtoomuchHeredityStress&boredomDiscussthetopic

Whatwillbringaboutobesity?keepofftonottouchsth.orpreventsth.fromtouchingsth.(1)Theseworrieskeptherfromsleepingproperly.(2)Youshouldkeepawayfromfriedfoods.(3)Shestruggledtokeepbackhertears.(4)Trytokeeptoaregulartimetableofwakingandsleeping.(5)Wetrytokeepupwithwhat’shappening.toavoidtostoponeself

doingsth.tofollowtopreventsb.

fromdoingsth.tocontinueto

learnaboutsth.Matchtheexpressionswiththeirdefinitions.Cinitself

withoutconsideringtherestTranslatethefollowingsentences.Fortheoldladybuyingthedailynewspapersoonbecameanendinitself,sinceshereallyjustwantedtochatwiththeshopkeeper.

那老太太每天去买报纸，不多时便觉乐在其中，因为她主要是想和店主聊天.(2)这钱本身对他们来说是没有什么价值的。

Themoneyinitselfmeantnothingtothem.

convert,transformconvert:changesthfromoneformorusetoanotherTheroomwasconvertedfromakitchentoastudy.太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。(=Thesolarcellcanconverttheenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.)transform:pletelychangetheappearanceorcharacterAfreshcoatofpaintcantransformaroom.她过去十分腼腆，但在国外呆了一年后完全变了。(=Sheusedtobeveryshy,butayearabroadhascompletelytransformedher.)CF:convert,transform&alterconvert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。transform指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。alter常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。1.Doyouknowtheprocessbywhichcaterpillars(毛虫)are_____________intobutterflies?2.Europeanmissionaries__________thousandstoChristianity.3.Shehadto______herclothesafterlosingweight.4.Theroomwas___________fromakitchentoalavatory.transformedconvertedalterconvertedbear,endure,stand,toleratebear更多地适用于承受的能力：anothersetbacklikethatwasmorethanIcanbear.endure尤指长期面对痛苦、艰难的能力，强调持久力和意志坚定。“Humanlifeiseverywhereastateinwhichmuchistobeenduredandlittletobeenjoyed”stand指精神上坚毅，有决心：Thepainwastoointensetostand.bear,stand,endure都可以用来指肉体上的折磨和痛苦。tolerate主要用于指容忍人或某种行为，不指痛苦，含有尽管保留但勉强接受之意.Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’ttoleratesomuchnoise.Wewon’ttoleratesuchrudebehavior.tolerancetolerantOralpracticeSummarizingUsefulexpressionsWritingassignmentAfterreadingSummarisingWhatarethemostimportant________forstudentstoday?Istheuniversity________reallysuchadifferentplacecomparedtowhatitwas40yearsago?Forthestudentsinthe1960s,goingtocollegewasthemost_______________________experienceoftheirlife.Theytookpartin________andlaunched_______againsttheestablishmentwiththeirnewand_________________commitmenttofreedomandjus