综合教程unit 1 语言点

Unit1ManintherealmofnatureLanguagepointsrealm:n.acountryruledoverbyakingorqueen;ageneralareaofknowledge,activity,orthoughtDetailedReading_t1_realmThekinghadtocallrepresentativesofdifferentclassesoftherealm

intoconsultationuponthenationaleconomiccrisis.Themoviehasbroughtchildrentoarealmofimagination.影片将孩子们带入了幻想的王国。publicrealm公众领域withintherealmsofpossibility有可能的Collocations:Healwaysprojectsanimageofsuccessinpublicrealm.他总是以成功人士的形象出现在公众面前。Itwasactuallywithintherealmsofpossibility.这是完全有可能的。interact:vi.ifpeopleorthingsinteractwitheachother,theyaffecteachotherDetailedReading_t1_interactLucyinteractswellwithotherchildrenintheclass.所有事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。Allthingsareinterrelatedandinteractwitheachother.transform:vt.DetailedReading_t1_transform1tocompletelychangetheappearance,form,orcharacterofsomethingorsomeone,especiallyinawaythatimprovesitIncreasedpopulationhastransformedthelandscape.这部戏几乎在一夜之间把她从一个不为人知的校园女生变成了演艺巨星。Theplaytransformedheralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.DetailedReading_t1_transform2这些动词均有“变化，改变”之意。指任何变化，完全改变，强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。1.Inordertotheirenvironment,hedrewuptheproject.2.Carbondioxidecanbeintooxygenthroughtheagencyofplant.3.Whydotheleavesontreescolourinautumn?4.Healwaysattemptstootherstoaparticulardoctrineorbelief.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.change_________transform____________converted____________convert________CF:change,convert&transformchangetransformconvertconvert:v.DetailedReading_t1_converttochangesomethingintoadifferentformofthing,ortochangesomethingsothatitcanbeusedforadifferentpurposeorinadifferentwayTheyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.他成功地让我接受了他的观点。Hesucceededinconvertingmetohispointofview.Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.subdue:vt.DetailedReading_t1_subduegaincontrolof,esp.bydefeatingForacenturywelabouredtosettleandtosubduethecontinent.警方设法制服了愤怒的人群。Policemanagedtosubduetheangrycrowd.该词的过去分词subdued可作形容词，意为“柔和的，减弱的，无精打采的”。例如：NB:Inthebar,thereissubduedlightandsoftmusic.Richardseemsverysubduedtonight.discipline:DetailedReading_t1_discipline11.vt.trainordevelop,esp.inobedienceandself-controlDiscipliningchildrentakespatienceandconsistency.不同文化中对于孩子的训导方式是不一样的。Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofdiscipliningtheirchildren.2.n.1)awayoftrainingsomeonesothattheylearntocontroltheirbehaviourandobeyrulesThebookgivesparentsadviceondiscipline.DetailedReading_t1_discipline22)anareaofknowledgeorteachingTheinformationthathasevolvedinonedisciplinemaypermitexcitingadvancementinanother.她对营销这门学科的实践知识和强烈的求知欲给我留下了深刻的印象。Iwasgreatlyimpressedbyherpracticalknowledgeofthedisciplineofmarketingandherstrongdesiretolearnmore.disciplineproblem 纪律问题disciplineoneself 自律instilldisciplineintosb.灌输纪律观念Collocationscompel:vt.DetailedReading_t1_compel1make(apersonorthing)dosth.,byforce,moralpersuasion,orordersthatmustbeobeyedOurmindsaresoconstructedthattheycompelustoviewtheexternalworldinonlyoneway.法律要求雇主必须提供健康保险。Thelawcompelsemployerstoprovidehealthinsurance.这些动词均含“迫使”之意。指在法律、权力、力量或行动等的驱使下被迫而为。例如:Aparentmaycompelhischildtodohislessonsbythreateningtosuspendhisallowance.家长可能会采用威胁暂停津贴的办法迫使其子女学习。CF:compel,force&oblige

compelDetailedReading_t1_compel2指用个人意志、权力、权威或暴力等，迫使他人改变看法或做本不愿做的事。例如:

指由于生理或道德上的需要，促使某人做某事，也指有权威的人或机构迫使某人做某事，还可指在特定情况下被迫作出的反应。例如:Governmenttroopshaveforcedtherebelstosurrender.政府军已经迫使叛乱者投降。Circumstanceshadobligedhimtosellthebusiness.形势逼迫他卖掉公司。forceobligetransfer:DetailedReading_t1_transfer1.v.movefromoneplace,job,position,etc.,toanotherMichaeltransferredfromCompany6totheSecurityService.Mostofthebillsarepaidbyelectronictransfer.2.n.权力的移交迅速而又和平地得以实现。Thetransferofpowerwaseffectedswiftlyandpeacefully.infearof:inastateoffearaboutDetailedReading_t2_infearofOrdinarypeoplelivedinfearofbeingarrestedbythesecretpolice.他们生活在不断的饥饿恐惧中。Theyliveincontinualfearofstarvation.attain:vt.tosucceedinachievingsomethingaftertryingforalongtimeDetailedReading_t2_attainMorewomenareattainingpositionsofpowerinpubliclife.他们最后一定能获得解放。They’resuretoattainemancipationintheend.hostile:a.

DetailedReading_t2_hostileshowingextremedislikeordisapproval;unfriendlySenatorLydonwashostiletoourproposals.工程进展得很慢，因为不少学者对普通人持敌对态度。Theprojectproceededslowlybecausemanyscholarswerehostiletothecommonpeople.retreat:vi.DetailedReading_t2_retreat1movebackorleaveacenteroffightingorotheractivity,esp.whenforcedtodosoPerrylitthefuseandretreatedtoasafedistance.从公众生活中隐退是不明智的。Itwasnotasensiblechoicetoretreatfrompubliclife.这些动词均含“退下，退却”之意。指从公开或公共场合退下到私下场所，也指被免除职务或自动辞职、退役等。例如:Iretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago.三年前我就不再教书了。CF:retire,retreat&withdrawretireDetailedReading_t2_retreat2含消极意味，多指被迫采取退下或退却的行动。强调因某种原因而有意离开，常含礼貌、谦恭等理由。也指军队的撤退。Theenemywasforcedtoretreat.敌军被迫撤退了。Asthetroopswithdraw,theentirecitycelebratedtheliberation.部队撤退时,整个城市欢庆解放。retreatwithdrawconcerned:a.DetailedReading_t3_concernedaffectedbysomethingorworriedaboutit;believingsomethingisimportantAllthepeoplepresentareconcernedwithchildren’seducation.很多政客更关注的是权力和控制而不是人民的利益。Manypoliticiansaremoreconcernedwithpowerandcontrolthanwiththegoodofthepeople.concernedwith 关注，关心；与……相关concernedabout/for 担心，关爱concernedtodosth. 专注于做某事asfaras…isconcerned就……而言Collocations:ominous:a.DetailedReading_t3_ominousmakingyoufeelthatsomethingbadisgoingtohappenThecarismakinganominousrattlingsound.不祥的黑云预示着雷暴的到来。Theominousblackcloudspredictedthecomingthunderstorm.acute:a.DetailedReading_t3_acutesevere;verygreatThehousingshortageismoreacutethanfirstthought.一颗蛀牙可以引起强烈的疼痛。Abadtoothcancauseacutepain.acutedisease

急性病acuteanxiety

急剧焦虑acuteshortage

严重短缺acutesense

敏锐的感觉acutemind 机智的头脑Collocations:substance:n.amaterial;typeofmatterDetailedReading_t3_substanceTheleaveswerecoveredwithastrangestickysubstance.大气中的有害物质威胁着人们的健康。Harmfulsubstancesintheatmospherearethreateningpeople’plex:DetailedReading_t3_complex11.a.consistingofmanydifferentpartsandoftendifficulttounderstandAcomplexhighwaysystemistobeestablishedinordertoenhancethenationaltransportation.随着我们的工业和社会环境变得更加错综复杂,供电可靠性方面的要求也与日俱增。Thedemandsforreliabilityofpowersupplyincreasedailyasourindustrialandsocialenvironmentbecomesmorecomplex.Theyliveinathree-storyapartmentcomplex.2.n.agroupofbuildings,oralargebuildingwithmanyparts,usedforaparticularpurposeDetailedReading_t3_complex2这些形容词均含“复杂的”意思。强调内在关系的复杂，需通过仔细研究与了解才能掌握和运用。与complex的含义接近，但语气更强，着重极其复杂，很难分析、分辨或解释。强调事物达到高级的程度所体现出的复杂性。着重指错综复杂，令人迷惑不解。1.Peterseemedtohaveagoodunderstandingofthemostissues.2.Joanshowsmethehighlycomputersoftware.3.Mentalillnessisaverysubject.4.Theplotofthenovelisandfascinating.5.Thehigherthelevelofcompetition,themorethetimingsystems.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Cplicated___________complex/complicated__________________sophisticated___________intricate_______CF:complex,complicated,sophisticated&intricatesophisticated___________complexcomplicatedsophisticatedintricatedistinguish:v.

DetailedReading_t4_distinguishmakessomeoneorsomethingdifferentorspecialThefactorthatdistinguishesthiscompanyfromthecompetitioniscustomerservice.他们找到了一种方法将癌细胞从正常组织中区分开来。Theyhavefoundamethodofdistinguishingcancercellsfromnormaltissue.Hisattorneyarguedthathecouldnotdistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.synthetic:a.DetailedReading_t4_syntheticproducedbysynthesizing;notnaturallyproduced;artificialAmongthesyntheticfibresusedinfurnishingfabricsarenylon,polyesterandacrylic.我们已经学会了从自然界提取原材料创造新的合成材料。Wehavelearnedtoextractrawmaterialsfromnaturetocreatenewsyntheticmaterials.glitter:vi.DetailedReading_t4_glittershinebrightlywithflashingpointsoflightTheriverglitteredinthesunlight.晨露在阳光下闪烁。Themorningdewsglitterinthesun.这些动词都有“闪光，闪烁，闪亮”之意指突然发出随即消失的闪光，如闪电的光。例如：指透过间隔物或映衬于较暗背景上的微弱光线。例如：

指连续发出的闪烁不定的光。例如：Lightningflashedoverhead.闪电在头顶闪光。Daywasbythistimeapproaching,thewestwasdim,theeastbeginningtogleam.这时，白昼逐渐到来，西面一片朦胧，东边开始熠熠发光。CF:flash,gleam&glitterflashglitterHisblueeyesglitteredwithanger.他的蓝眼睛闪烁着愤怒的光芒。gleamcycle:DetailedReading_t4_cycle1.n.anumberofrelatedeventshappeninginaregularlyrepeatedorderSometimestheonlywaytobreakthecycleofviolenceinthehomeisforthewifetoleave.水通过机器循环再利用。Tbybicycle;gothroughaseriesofrelatedeventsagainandagainHecyclestoworkeveryday.breakthecycle 打破循环cyclingtour 骑车环游cyclelane/path/route 自行车道lifecycle

生命周期Collocations:asyet:DetailedReading_t5_asyetuntilnowThemeetingwillbeheldonanasyetundecideddate.We’vehadnowordfromColinasyet.我们到现在还没有科林的消息。theme:n.DetailedReading_t5_theme1themainsubjectorideainapieceofwriting,speech,film,etcThebook'sthemeistheconflictbetweenloveandduty.林奇的大部分画作是关于同一主题的不同变体。MostofLynch’spictureswerevariationsonthesametheme.