选修七模块四词汇解释

外研版高二年级(选修7)Module4Module4vocabulary1.

rhythmn.

节律；节奏；律动rhythmicadj.

有节律的rhymen./v.韵,押韵

playthesametunein/withadifferentrhythm

用不同的节奏演奏同一个曲子

Shestartedmovingtotherhythmofthemusic.2.…,butHereandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables,sidebyside.

sidebyside肩并肩,相互扶持①Twochildrenarewalkingsidebyside.②Westandsidebysidewithyouinthiscompetition.※【拓展】类似的短语还有:neckandneck并驾齐驱地headtohead交头接耳地handinhand手牵手shouldertoshoulder肩并肩=sidebyside

hearttoheart心心相印3.

◆approachn．方法；步骤；接近；靠近;后跟介词to。①Snowannouncedtheapproachofwinter.雪宣告了冬季的来临。②Ilikeherapproach_totheproblem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。③Ourapproach

droveawaythewildanimals.(n.走近)④Alltheapproachestothetownwereblocked.(n.通路)⑤Thatprofessor’snewapproachto

languageteachingwasconsideredbetterthananyoneelse’s.(n.方法，手段)

◆approachvt.&vi.

靠近；接近；逼近

①Thetimeisapproaching

whenwemustleave.(vi.来临)②Asyouapproachthetownthefirstbuildingyouseeisthechurch.(vt.走近)③Hisworkisapproaching

perfection.(vt.

近似，接近) ④Didheapproachyouaboutlendinghimsomemoney?(vt.找……商量)⑤Heapproachedthedifficultywithgreatthought.(vt.着手)⑦⑧⑥4.Discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineinthemid-1970s.

be

indecline处于下降、衰退中）1)n.下倾,下降,下垂,斜面,斜坡,衰败,衰落

Therehasbeena

declineinthesizeoffamilies.Thereisawidelyheldbeliefthateducationalstandardareindecline.Theportfell/wentintoadecline

inthe1950s.（开始衰退）Thenumberofrobbersintheareaisonthedecline.（在下坡路上、衰退中）2)v.

下倾,下降,下垂,拒绝,衰落

Ideclinedtheirofferofhelp.我谢绝了他们提出的帮助。

anempirethathasdeclined

业已衰落的帝国

Iinvitedhertojoinus,butshedeclined.

decline

anoffer/aninvitation

declinetodiscusshisplan总结:fallingadecline开始衰退indecline在下坡路上、衰退中onthedecline在低落中、衰退中declinetodosth.拒绝做某事declineby下降了……declineto下降到……(1)表示“增加”的动词或动词短语常见的还有：rise，increase，goup等。(2)表示“减少”的动词或动词短语常见的有：fall，drop，decrease，godown，decline等例如：Thepriceoftheoilhasgoneupby10%.汽油的价格已经上涨了10%。Thenumberofthestudentsinmyschoolhasdeclinedto2,000.我校学生的数量下降到了2000。5.Hiphoptookadvantageof

thatandprovidedakindofdiscomusicforpeoplewhohateddisco.

advantage意为“好处,优越之处;有利条件;优点”,可用作可数或不可数名词。--Thereareseveraladvantagesindoingmorningexercise.做早操有几个好处。--Shehadtheadvantageofagoodeducation.她具有受过良好教育的有利条件。Eachofthesesystemshasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.

这些系统各有其优缺点。haveanadvantageover胜过,优于Nationaleducationmayhaveanadvantageoverprivateeducation.国家教育可能优于私人教育。givesb.anadvantage(over)(使某人)在……方面比较有利Beingtallgavehimanadvantageovertheotherplayers.他个子高,这是比其他球员有利的地方。takeadvantageof①利用某人的处境，弱点等）欺骗，占……的便宜。

Hetookadvantageofmygenerosity.他利用我的慷慨占了便宜。②利用,利用……的机会。

Wehadbettertakeadvantageofthewarmerweatherbygoingforawalk.我们最好乘着天气比较暖和出去散散步。Theytookfulladvantageofthenaturalresources.

我们充分地利用了这些自然资源。tosb.’sadvantage对(某人)有利Morepracticewillbetoyouradvantage.较多的练习对你有利。其它：takeadvantageofsb.欺骗或利用某人takeadvantageofsth趁机利用某事toadvantage用某种方法使优点突出toone’sadvantage对某人有利6.emerge

vi.出现Nonewevidenceemergedduringtheinquiry=Itemergesthatnonewevidencewasduringtheinquiry询问过程中没有发现新的证据emergefrom自……

Thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.太阳从云层后面露了出来。Itemergesthat…事已清楚inanemergency在紧急情况anemergencyroom急诊室anemergencyexit应急出口，太平门出现,从……显露出来7．ratherthan宁愿……而不愿……；而不是……；与其……倒不如②IthinkTom,ratherthanyou，istoblame.我认为该受责备的是汤姆而不是你。③Youcan'tgettotheislandother

thanbyboat.除了乘船，否则你无法抵达那个小岛。①(2011年高考山东卷)Ratherthansignuponline，theywenttoDollywoodforalook­see.他们没有在线注册，而是去多莉山看了看。[关键一点](1)ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。(2)wouldrather后跟that从句时，从句中谓语动词应为虚拟语气，即用一般过去时(表示对将来或现在的虚拟)或过去完成时(表示对过去的虚拟)。IwouldratherthatIpassedthecomingexam.我希望我通过即将到来的考试。

8．arisevi．(由……)引起；产生；起床①Canwebeginbydiscussingmattersarisingfromthelastmeeting?我们是不是可以从讨论上次会议所产生的问题开始？②Unexpecteddifficultiesaroseinthecourseoftheirexperiment.在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。③Emotionalormentalproblemscanarisefromaphysicalcause.身体的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。9．harmonyn．融洽，一致；协调①Histastesareinharmony_withmine.他的爱好与我的相同。

②Thiswillbringusallintoharmony.这将使我们大家和睦融洽。10.

farfrom远非；一点也不；不但不……(反而……)；离……远①Themostobviousgoalofacollegeeducationistogiveknowledge，butitisfarfromthemostimportant.大学教育最显著的目标是授予知识，但这远不是最重要的。(2011年上海卷)②Farfromtakingmyadvice，hewentanddidjustwhatIhadwarnedhimagainst.他不但没听从我的劝告，反而干了我警告他不要干的事。③—Isheagooddoctor？——他是位优秀的医生吗？—Far_fromit.——当然不是。

知识拓展：farfromsatisfactory远非令人满意as/sofaras远到，直到；（表程度、范围）就……；尽……，至于byfar大量gotoofar太极端sofarsofar,sogood.Asfarastheeyescansee.AsfarasIknow.AsfarasIamconcerned.11．devotev．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等

①MotherTeresahasdevotedherselftocaringforthepoor.特雷萨修女把自己的全部身心都倾注在照顾穷苦人之上。②Netchatmaybeinteresting，butyoushouldnotdevoteallyourtimetoit.网上聊天或许很有趣，但你不应该把所有的时间都用在这上面。③Mr.Smithwas_devoted_to_helpingthoseintrouble.史密斯先生致力于帮助那些有困难的人。[关键一点]

devote...to，lookforwardto，be/getusedto，stickto，getdownto，objectto，payattentionto等短语中的to均为介词，后面只能接名词或动词­ing形式1.Youshouldtake_______ofthisopportunityandtrytomakeagoodimpressiononthem.A．care

B．advantageC．chargeD．place解析：takecareof照顾；takeadvantageof利用；takechargeof负责；taketheplaceof代替。根据句意判断应选B项，表示“利用这次机会”。答案：B2.Shedevotedherselfentirely_______helpingthechildrenwholosttheirhomes.A．in

B．forC．toD．with解析：句意：她竭尽全力去帮助那些失去家园的孩子们。devoteoneselftosth.“致力于做……”，是固定搭配。答案：C3.－Doyoufeellike_______thereorshallwetakeabus?－I'dliketowalk,butsincethereisnotimeleft，I'dratherwe_______ataxi.A．towalk；takeB．walking；tookC．towalk；tookD．walking；take解析：feellikedoingsth.为固定用法；wouldrather(that)．..从句中用虚拟语气，对现在的假设用一般过去时，故选B项。答案：B4．SuchapreciousgiftdidhegivemethatIwasdeeply________.A．rootedB．touchedC．distressedD．troubled解析：deeplyrooted根深蒂固的;deeplytouched深受感动的；deeplydistressed深感苦恼的；deeplytroubled焦头烂额的。句意：他送我这么珍贵的礼物使我深受感答案：B5．Attheclassmeeting,sometopstudentsintroducedseveral______tothestudyofEnglish.A．approachesB．meansC．methodsD．ways解析：句意：在班会上，一些尖子生介绍了几种学习英语的方法。approach表示“方式，方法”讲时，后跟介词to，B、C两项后跟ofsth.，而D项ways既可以跟ofdoingsth.也可以跟todosth.因此选A。答案：A6．She________tohavelunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.A．declinedB．resignedC．tendedD．approved解析：根据后半句中的内容可知她“婉言拒绝”和朋友一起吃午饭。后三项分别表示“辞职”、“趋向”、“赞成”。答案：A7．(2013年济南模拟)MyfriendShellyis______stupid.However，sheisprettysmart.A．muchtooB．morethatC．farfromD．lessthan解析：从后面However，sheisprettysmart.的句子意思分析，此处用farfrom表示“远没有；一点也不”的意思。答案：C8．Wehadtorelyonourownintelligencetocreate________andbalancewiththeenvironmentduringdevelopment.A．importanceB．agreementC．effectD．harmony解析：句意：在发展中我们必须靠自己的智慧创造与环境之间的平衡与和谐。importance重要性；agreement一致，协议；effect影响；harmony和谐，协调。答案：D9．(2013年延安调研)Thenewshasjust________thatthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisgoingtovisitChinanextmonth.A．comeoutB．putoutC．letoutD．givenout解析：消息已经透露美国总统下个月将访问中国。comeout声称，宣称；putout扑灭；letout泄露；发出(声音)；giveout分发；发出(光、热等)。答案：A10．Thisisthepointwherethedifference________.A．risesB．raisesC．arisesD．happens解析：句意：这就是分歧产生的地方。arise意为“呈现、出现”时，主语多为以下抽象名词：argument,problem,quarrel,difference等。答案：C11．(2013年烟台模拟)Ifyouletpressurebenefit________upsetyou，muchmorecanbeaccomplishedthanyouthoughtpossible.A．morethanB．ratherthanC．otherthanD．lessthan解析：句意：如果压力使你受益而非让你烦扰，那么你所取得的成就可能远比你想像的多。ratherthan而不是；morethan比……多；otherthan除……之外，不同于；lessthan少于。答案：B12．Pleaseremembertoputthebooks________beforeleavingtheroom.A．intheplaceB．intheorderC．inorderD．inneed解析：put...inorder意为“把……整理好”。若选A项则应去掉其中的the。答案：CThewordsofearlybluessongsoften

consisted

ofasinglelinerepeatedtwoorthreetimesbeforechanging.

早期的蓝调歌曲通常包含一句要反复唱两三遍才换的歌词。

consistof无被动态,类似用法的词组还有:belongto,takeplace,happen,cometrue,comeout,breakout,etc.【例】Thisisacharitycommittee___tenmembers.A.consistsof B.consistof C.consistedofD.consistingof3.Theyexperimentwithdifferentvocalandrhythmicapproaches.

他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法。◆experimentwith…

用……做实验e.g.Theyareexperimentingwithnewmethodsofteaching.※【拓展】experiment的其他用法：make/do/carryout/perform/tryanexperimenton/upon/in/with做实验(试验)，对……做实验(试验)byexperiment通过实验e.g.Theyfindoutwhatfoodsthebabylikesbyexperiment.6.ThenewstylesoonspreadtootherpartsoftheUnitedStates.

这种风格很快就传到了美国的其它地方。

spreadto+n.……传到了……地方e.g.Thatthenewsspread

tohishomeisnotagoodbusiness.spread解释为“传播”的意思时可与其它的介词连用：spreadthrough/across/from…toe.g.①Theillnessspreadthroughthewholevillage.

疾病蔓延了整个村子。②Thefirespreadfromthefactorythehousesnearby.

大火从房子附近的工厂蔓延开来。练一练根据句意,用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。type,rhythm,sophisticate,music,perform,mix,culture,combine,appear,repeat

1.Haveyoueverheardthe________beatofthehorseshooves?2.The__________ofthe50statesformstheUnitedStatesofAmerica.3.Helookedatherwitha(n)________ofadmirationandcuriosity.4.A(n)__________isapersonwhoplaysandcomposesmusic.rhythmiccombinationmixturemusician5.Ihavetoldhim__________nottotakewhathehasforgranted,buthewon’tlistentome.6.Theheadmasterfeelsthat_________educationisveryimportant.7.Theorchestrawillgivetwomore_______________thisweek.repeatedlyculturalperformances8.LocatedinthesoutheastofShandong,Qingdaohasa(n)_____oceanicclimate,coolinsummerandwarminwinter.9.Don’tjudgesomethingjustbyits__________.Itmaylooklikeworthalot,butitmightactuallybequitecheap.10.Eyeoperationsofteninvolvetheuseofhighly___________equipment,suchaslasers.typicalappearancesophisticatedII.用适当的介词或副词填空。Wevisitedtheschoolthatmyfatherusedtogo_____inhisboyhood.2.Youfinishthefirstsipofbeer,andyoucanfeelthecoolnessspreadingdown_____yourstomach.3.Myfriendshipsarefiercelyimportant_____me.4.Theaudienceclapped,swayed,anddanced_____themusic.totototo5._____thebeginningofthe20thcentury,manyChinesemenwereshippedtoAmericaaslaborers.6.Beckywantedtokeepherhairlongbutexperiment__________differentstyles.7.The