大学英语1级 第6单元

SchoolofContinuingEducation大学英语第一册网络课程BySchoolofForeignLanguages2011Unit6SamAdams,IndustrialEngineer

EnterMenuPre-readingWhile-readingPost-readingBackgroundinformationVocabularyPhrasesTextExercises1.AmericaneducationalsystemIntheUnitedStates,educationistheresponsibilitiesofindividualstates,notofthefederalgovernment,sorequirementsmayvaryfromonestatetoanother.Thefollowingisageneralization:

kindergartenGrade05yearsoldElementaryschoolGrade1-66-11yearsoldJuniorhighormiddleschoolGrade7-812-13yearsold(senior)highschoolGrade9-1214-17yearsoldcollege(4yearsforaB.A.orB.S.degree)university(2-3yearsforanM.A.orM.S.;2-8yearsforaPh.D)2.Q&ADoyouconsideryourselfanefficientperson?Inwhatwaysareyouefficient?Inwhatwaysareyouinefficient?BACK“Efficiencyexpert”forthefamily(Para.1-4)Hissuggestionsofimprovementandhisreward“Consultant”inashirtfactory(Para.5-6)EstablishaqualitycontrolHisdiscoveries(Para.7-10)RedesigntheassemblylineNoqualitycontrolIrregularworkflowPoorworkingconditionQualitiesofindustrialengineerArrangethefamilythingsa.Decreasetheheightoftheworktableb.Providebackgroundmusicandsettingc.Havetwobreaksd.Excellentworkleadstopayincreaseandpromotions1.efficiencythestateorqualityofbeingefficient效率adj:efficientantonym:inefficiencye.g.Itwouldimproveourefficiencyifweusedmoreup-to-datemethods.2.industrialofindustry工业的n:industry/industrialistvt:industrializee.g.AlthoughEuropeannationsgenerallydowellinthesurvey,thecontinent’smajorindustrialpowersofFrance,GermanyandBritainfinish25th,26thand29threspectively.

BACKHOMENewwords3.neatorderlyandclean整洁的e.g.Hekeepshisdeskneat.他保持书桌整洁。4.elementaryoforforbeginners初级的n:elementsynonym:basic,primary,simple,introductorye.g.Thestudenttookacourseinelementarymath.

BACKHOMENewwords6.sock短袜e.g.Hewasfivefeetinhissocks.他不穿鞋身高为五英尺。7.drawer抽屉e.g.Iputitintheleft-handdrawer.我将它放在左手的抽屉内。BACK

HOMENewwords8.bureau⑴.衣柜⑵.(政府部门的)局e.g.FBI:FederalBureauofInvestigation美国联邦调查局9.underwear内衣e.g.Shehadremovedherunderwear.她脱掉了内衣。10.pantstrousers裤子e.g.Thisjacketwillmatchthosepantsnicely.这件夹克和那条裤子会十分相配。

BACKHOMENewwords11.expertapersonwithspecialknowledgeorskille.g.Sheisanexpertintraininganimals.她是驯兽专家。补充：

synonym:specialist,professionaln:expertise专业知识习惯用法:becomeexpertat(doing)sth.12.kitchenroomusedforcooking厨房BACKHOMENewwords13.utensilanytoolorcontainerusedinthehouse,esp.forcooking用具e.g.Thisstoresellscookingutensils.这商店出售炊具。14.qualitythedegreeofgoodnesswhichathingorapersonpossesses质量；品质e.g.Qualityoftenmattersmorethanquantity.质量往往比数量更重要。补充：

synonym:character,property,meritNote:quantity数量e.g.Thequalityofservicehasimproved.

HOMENewwords15.foundation基础Synonym:basis,ground,warrant习惯用法:laysolidfoundationfor…为……打下坚实的基础e.g.Agricultureisthefoundationofthenationeconomy.16.careerprofession;wayofmakingaliving职业Synonym:occupation,profession,vocatione.g.ThroughoutUShistory,numerousforeign-bornpoliticiansandpolicyintellectualswithoverseasaccentshavehadbrilliantcareersinpublicservice.HOMENewwords17.engineering工程学e.g.geneticengineering

生物遗传工程(学)

civilengineering

土木工程(学)18.unfortunately不幸的是e.g.Iwasunfortunatelydelayed.

我不幸被耽搁了。

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HOMENewwords19.bossyalwaystellingotherpeoplewhattodoandhowtodoit,likeaboss爱指挥人的Synonym:dictatoriale.g.A“Massachusettsliberal”istheveryworstofabossy,free-spending,jectapieceofwork;abigplan项目Synonym:blueprint,plan,programe.g.Theprojectisalreadyunderwaybutdeveloperssayitwilltakeuntil2020tofinish.BACK

HOMENewwords21.bachelor学士;单身汉学士:Bachelor硕士:Master博士:Doctor22.graduation

completionofaneducationalcourse毕业e.g.Hehopetogetagoodjobaftergraduation.他希望毕业后能得到份好工作。BACK21

BACK22HOMENewwords23.graduate

graduatefrom/at…毕业于…e.g.ShegraduatedfromHarvard.她毕业于哈佛大学。24.short-terminvolvingorlastingashortperiodoftime短期的基础25.basis基础,根据synonym:base;ground;foundationpl:basesonthebasisof…e.g.Thereisnoscientificbasisfortheseclaims.BACKHOMENewwords26.consultantapersonwhogivesprofessionalortechnicaladvice顾问e.g.Therearetwoconsultantstothegovernoronenvironmentalprotection.

州长有两个环保问题顾问。27.consult⑴.请教:consultsb.⑵.商量,商议:consultwithsb.e.g.I‘lldonothingwithoutconsultingyou.

我采取行动之前一定和你商量。补充：Synonym:ask,discussn.consultant顾问

BACKHOMENewwords28.amazefillwithgreatsurpriseorwonder使大为惊讶e.g.Iwasamazedathisconduct.我对他的行为感到惊讶。补充：Synonym:surprise,shock,startle,astonish⑴itamazesb.tohear/see…

听到/看到…大吃一惊⑵toone’samazement让人吃惊的是…

BACKHOMENewwords29.curiousstrange奇怪的;好奇的e.g.Theboywascuriousabouteverythinghesaw.

那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。

补充：Synonym:(奇怪的)odd,peculiar,strange,queerbecuriousabout好奇,想打听30.whatsoeverofanykind,atall任何的BACKHOMENewwords31.inspectexamine检查e.g.Theyinspectedtheroofforleaks.他们检查了屋顶看看是否有漏隙。32.shipmenttheactofsending,carryingordeliveringgoods装运e.g.Theblockadepreventedshipmentsofforeignfoodfromreachingourshores.

封锁使国外食品不能运抵我们的海岸。

BACKHOMENewwordsg33.miss未击中;错过;逃脱;发现丢失;想念;遗漏;省掉⑴miss不能跟动词不定式,可跟动名词.如:未被逮住:missbeingcaught(right)misstobecaught(wrong)⑵发现钢笔丢失:Imissedmypen.(right)Ifoundmypenmissing.(right)Ifoundmypenmissed.(wrong)

BACKHOMENewwords34.button纽扣，按钮e.g.

Ipushedthebuttontoturnonthelight.我按电钮把灯打开35.collar领子e.g.Iseizedhimbythecollar.我一把抓住他的衣领。36.sleeve袖子e.g.Herolleduphissleevesandgotdowntowork.

他卷起袖子开始工作。

BACKHOMENewwords37.relievemakelessoreasier减轻e.g.Takebreaksthroughouttheday.Itwillhelpclearyourmindandrelievepressure.补充：relievesb.of…帮助某人拿(提,做等)…;

使某人免于…BACKHOMENewwords38.boringuninterestingandtiresome令人厌烦的e.g.Itwasboringtosittherewithoutanythingtodo.

无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了补充：Synonym:dull,uninteresting,tiresome,flat39.boremakesb.feeltiredbybeingdullortedious使厌烦e.g.Thisbookboresme.这本书令我生厌。补充：synonym:annoy,bother,tireBACKHOMENewwords40.workroomaroomspeciallykeptforworkingin工场41.dull⑴notbrightorclear阴暗的

synonym:dark,dim⑵lackinginterestorexcitement无聊⑶stupid,unintelligent,dimwitted傻的e.g.Isleptthroughherdullspeech.BACKHOMENewwords42.flow

n.asmoothsteadymovementorsupply流e.g.workflow工作流程vi.⑴流动;⑵垂,飘拂补充：比喻意义:(国家)富有e.g.OurmotherlandflowswithnaturalresourcesBACKHOMENewwords43.workflow工作流程44.irregularuneven;notcontinuous不规则的e.g.Theseproceduresarehighlyirregular.

这些程序是很不合乎规则的。45.regular规则的e.g.Everythingseemedquiteregularwhenthefirebrokeout.

起火的当时,一切似乎都很正常。

BACKHOMENewwords46.

absent-mindedsoconcernedwithone’sthoughtsasnottonoticewhatishappening,whatoneisdoing,etc.心不在焉的e.g.Theabsent-mindedboyisalwayslosinghisbooks.这个心不在焉的男孩老是丢书。47.absentnotpresent缺席补充：beabsentfrom…

未出席,缺席absent-minded

心不在焉的anabsentlook

漫不经心的表情BACKHOMENewwords48.inspectiontheactofexamining(sth.)closelyorindetail检查e.g.Elevatorsmustundergoanannualsafetyinspection.

电梯必须每年作一次安全检查。49.assembly组装;集会e.g.GeneralAssembly联合国大会

Assemblyline装配线BACKHOMENewwords50.assemble组装e.g.Hewasbusyassemblingthebike.他忙着装配自行车。51.assemblyline装配线52.shiftn.班,轮班e.g.dayshift白班v.⑴.搬动,移动

synonym:move,transfer

⑵.改变

synonym:change,transform,alternate,alterBACKHOMENewwords53.daydreamhavepleasantdreamlikethoughts做白日梦e.g.Shedaydreamedaboutacarefreeholidayabroad.

她幻想到国外过一个无忧无虑的假期。54.firevt.make(sb.)leavehisjob同:dismissfiresb.解雇某人vi.toshootoffbullets同:shootfireatsb.朝某人开火n.makeafire生火playwiththefire玩火

catchfire着火(动作)burnonfire着火(状态)setfireto放火烧,点燃BACKHOMENewwords55.observationtheactofwatchingcarefully⑴观察,观测;⑵观察结果;⑶观测后发表的言论,观点e.g.1.Heisamanoflittleobservation.

他是个观察力极差的人。e.g.2.Ihaveafewobservationstomakeonyourconduct.

我对你的行为有一些看法要说。e.g.3.Hewillpublishhisobservationsonthesociallifeoftheseprimitivetribes.

他将公布他对那些原始部落的社会生活观察所得的资料。BACKHOMENewwords56.observe⑴观察,注意(同:watch,notice)observesb.do…看到某人做…⑵遵守,奉行(同:obey,abideby,follow)⑶发表观点/学说(同:remark,comment)observe(tosb.)that…对某人说…57.observer观察员e.g.TheUnitedNationssentateamofobserverstothepeacetalks.

联合国派出了一组观察员出席和平谈判。HOMENewwords58.oralspoken,notwritten口头的e.g.Anoralagreementisnotenough;wemusthaveawrittenpromise.

只有口头协议是不够的;我们必须有一个书面承诺。59.findingstheresultsofanyresearchorenquiry调查结果e.g.Whentheexperimentiscomplete,includeyourfindingsinareport.

试验完成后,请把结果写入报告。

BACKHOMENewwords60.majoradj.主要的;较大的synonym:chief,primary,importantn.主修课程;专修…的学生e.g.Heisamathematicsmajor.他是主修数学的学生。vi.主修,专攻(majorin…)e.g.Alicemajorsineconomics.艾丽丝主修经济学。

BACKHOMENewwords61.redesign重新设计62.designvt.⑴设计;⑵计划,谋划

designtodo(doing)sth.打算做某事n.⑴设计,构思;⑵图案,图样;⑶企图,图谋e.g.Thegreedymanhaddesignsonherfortune.

那个贪婪的人企图得到她的财产。BACKHOMENewwords63.achievegetbyeffort实现n.achievement:n.成绩;得到e.g.Hewentbackhomewithouthavingachievedanysuccess.64.decreasemakesmallerorfewer减少e.g.Thesemeasureswillhelpdecreasethecostofproduction.

这些措施有助于降低生产成本。补充：synonym:reduce,decline,diminishantonym:increasedecreaseto减少到…decreaseby减少了…BACKHOMENewwords65.worktableatableatwhichworkisdone工作台66.operatorapersonwhomakessth.Work操作人员;(电话)总机,话务员;(外科)手术师e.g.Hedialedtheoperator.他拨通了接线员。

67.operatevt:操作,操纵

synonym:run,managevi:(1).活动,运动;

(2).动手术(operateon…给…动手术)BACKHOMENewwords68.management管理部门e.g.Themanagementis/arehavingtalkswiththeworkers.

资方正在与工人谈话。

69.background背景e.g.Hetookapictureofmewiththepavilioninthebackground.

他以那个亭子为背景给我照了一张相片。

BACKHOMENewwords70.beautifymakebeautiful美化e.g.aprogramtobeautifythenation‘shighways

美化国内公路的规划71.settingsurroundings环境e.g.anidealsettingforcamping适宜野营的理想环境

BACKHOMENductiveproducingmuch多产的,富有成效的,生产性的e.g.Isricethemostproductivefood-bearingplant?

稻子是不是产粮最多的植物?补充：Synonym:fertile,effective,fruitful,plentiful,profitable73.frequentadj.happeningoften经常的Synonym:common,habitualvt:常到,常去,时常出入于…e.g.frequentthelibrary经常去图书馆BACKHOMENmotion提升，促进e.g.They‘replanningabigpromotionfortheirnewwashingpowder.

他们正筹划举办一次新型洗衣粉的大促销行动。75.promote提升,提拔,促进,(商品等)宣传,促销Synonym:further,push,elevate,upgrade,advertisee.g.Thecompanypromotedtherockgroup’snewrecordbyplayingitoftenontheradio.BACKHOMENewwords76.incentiven.刺激,鼓励e.g.Thechildhasnoincentivetostudyharderbecausehisparentscannotaffordtosendhimtocollege.

这孩子没有努力学习的动力,因为他父母供不起他上大学。补充：synonym:encouragement,enticement,impetus,stimulusadj.刺激的,鼓励的e.g.incentivepayments

奖金

BACKHOMENewwordssuggestionanideaorplanputforwardforpeopletothinkabout提议e.g.Iorderedasteakathissuggestion.我根据他的建议点了一份牛排。78.co-ownerajointowner共同所有者

BACKHOMENewwords79.managerapersonresponsibleforrunningasectionofabusiness经理e.g.Heisastoremanager.他是一位商店的经理。80.complimentsformalrespectsorgreetings贺词；问候e.g.Mycomplimentstoyourfather!向你父亲代为致意!

BACKHOMENewwords1.findoutlearnordiscover查明;发现(尤指坏事)eg1:MarywasangrywhenJanefoundouthersecrets.eg2:Youmaygetawaywithdishonestyforawhile,butyou’llbefoundoutsoonerorlater.2.turnouthappentobeorfoundtobeintheend结果是eg1:Theexaminationturnedour(tobe)easy.eg2:ItturnedoutthathewasGeorge’sfather.BACKHOMEPhrasesandexpressions3.qualitycontroltheactivityofcheckingthatproductsareallofsatisfactorystandardandquality,usu.bytestingsamplesofthem质量控制4.asaresultbecauseof作为结果,因此eg1:Tomdidn’tstudyhard,asaresult,hefailedtopassthedifficulttest.eg2:Heslippedandbrokehisleg.Asaresult,hewillhavetobeawayfromschoolfortwoorthreemonths.BACKHOMEPhrasesandexpressions5.exceptforapartfrom除了…外

eg1:Yourpictureisgoodexceptforsomeofthecolors.eg2:Theroomwasbareoffurnitureexceptforafewchairs.6.goonstrike罢工eg1:Yourparcelwasdelayedbecausethepostworkerswentonstrike.eg2:Somestudentswantedtocallontheworkerstogoonstrike.BACKHOMEPhrasesandexpressions7.holdup延迟,耽搁;阻碍eg1:Workonthebuildingsitehasbeenheldupbythebadweather.eg2:Thesteelstrikemayholduptheproductionofcarsforseveralmonths.8.resultin结果是;导致eg1:Theaccidentresultedinthreedeaths.eg2:Hefeltthattheextrememiseryoftheworkingpeoplewouldresultinrevolution.Resultfrom:起因于,由…所导致eg3:ProfessorSmith’slungcancerresultedfromexcessivesmoking.BACKHOMEPhrasesandexpressions9.talkover商量;讨论eg1:Iwouldliketotalkoverthisproblemwithyou.eg2:Leadersofthetwocountrieshavetalkedthesituationover.10.keepupwith跟上e.g.Theycouldnotkeepupwithuswhenweclimbedthemountain.BACKHOMEPhrasesandexpressions1.SamAdams 萨姆·亚当斯2.Indiana 印第安纳（美国州名）3.Hobbs 霍布斯（姓氏）HOME

ProperNamesBACK

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Samsetouttoimproveefficiencyattheshirtfactorybut,aswefindoutlaterinthisunit,hisplansturnedoutnotquiteashehadexpected.SamAdams,IndustrialEngineer

IfyouaskmymotherhowIhappenedtobecomeanindustrialengineer,she'lltellyouthatIhavealwaysbeenone.

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ShemeansthatIhavealwayswantedeverythingtobewellorganizedandneat.WhenIwasstillinelementaryschool,Ilikedtokeepmysocksintheupperleft-handdrawerofmybureau,myunderwearintheupperrightdrawer,shirtsinthemiddledrawer,andpants,neatlyfolded,inthebottomdrawer.

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Infact,Iwastheefficiencyexpertforthewholefamily.Iusedtoorganizemyfather'stools,mymother'skitchen

utensils,mysister'sboyfriends.

Ineededtobeefficient.Iwantedtobewellorganized.Forme,therewasaplaceforeverythingandeverythingwasalwaysinitsplace.Thesequalitiesgavemeagoodfoundationforacareerinindustrialengineering.

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Unfortunately,IwasalsoabitbossyandIwasn'taverygoodlistener.You'llseewhatImeanwhenItellyouaboutthefirstprojectIeverdidafterIfinishedmybachelor'sdegreeattheuniversity.

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AftergraduationIreturnedhometomysmalltowninIndiana.Ididn'thaveajobyet.Mr.Hobbs,afriendofmyfather's,ownedasmallshirtfactoryintown.Withinthepastfiveyearsithadgrownfromtwentytoeightyworkers.Mr.Hobbswasworriedthathisplantwasgettingtoobigandinefficient,soheaskedmetocomeinonashort-term

basisasaconsultant.

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Iwenttotheplantandspentaboutaweeklookingaroundandmakingnotes.IwasreallyamazedatwhatIsaw.

Mostcuriousofall,therewasnoqualitycontrolwhatsoever.Nooneinspectedthefinalproductofthefactory.Asaresultsomeoftheshirtsthatwereputinboxesforshipmentweremissingoneortwobuttons,thecollar,evenasleevesometimes!

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HOMEtextTheworkingconditionswerepoor.Thetableswheretheworkerssatwereveryhighanduncomfortable.Exceptforahalfhouratlunchtime,therewerenobreaksinthedaytorelievetheboringwork.Therewasnomusic.Thewallsoftheworkroomswereadullgraycolor.Iwasamazedthattheworkershadn'tgoneonstrike.

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Furthermore,theworkflowwasirregular.Therewasoneespeciallyabsent-mindedyoungmanintheassemblylinewhosewedonbuttons.AfterawhileIrecognizedhimas"BigJim,"whousedtositbehindmeinmathclassinhighschool.Hewasveryslowandalltheshiftswereheldupathisposition.Workersbeyondhiminlineonhisshifthadtowaitwithnothingtodo;therefore,agreatdealoftimeandefficiencywerelostasBigJimdaydreamedwhileheworked.AllweekIwonderedwhyhewasn'tfired.

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AfterImadeobservationsforaweek,Mr.Hobbsaskedmeforanoralreportofmyfindings.Icoveredmymajorpointsbytellinghimthefollowing:

"Ifyouhaveaqualitycontrolinspection,youwillgreatlyimproveyourfinishedproduct."

"Iftheassemblylineisredesigned,asmoothworkflowcanbeachievedandtimeandenergycanbesaved."

"Ifyoudecreasetheheightoftheworktables,themachineoperatorswillworkmorecomfortably."

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"Ifthemanagementprovidespleasantbackgroundmusicandbeautifiesthedullsetting,thefactorywillbemuchmoreproductive."

"Iftheworkershaveafifteen-minutecoffeebreakinthemorningandafternoon,theywillbemoreefficient."

"Ifexcellentworkresultsinfrequentpayincreasesorpromotions,theworkerswillhavegreaterincentivetoproduce."

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Mr.Hobbsthankedmeforthisreportandtoldmehewouldtalkovermysuggestionswithhisbrother,theco-ownerandmanagerofthefactory."We'reinterestedinprogresshere,"hesaid."Wewanttokeepupwiththetimes."

Healsogavemeacheckfor$100andaboxofshirtswithhiscompliments.BACK

HOMEtext第六单元萨姆开始首手提高衬衫厂的效率，但根据我们在本单元中所发现的，他的计划与他所期待的并不一样

工业管理工程师萨姆.亚当斯如果你问我母亲，我怎么偏偏会成为一名工业管理工程师的，她就会告诉你，我一直就是这样一个人。

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HOMEChineseVersion她的意思是说，我一贯希望把样样东西都安排得井井有条，整整齐齐。还在上小学时，我就喜欢把袜子放在衣柜上方的抽屉里，内衣放在右上方的抽屉里，衬衫放在当中的抽屉里，折得齐齐整整的裤子放在最下面的抽屉里。

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事实上，我那时一直是全家人的效率专家。父亲的工具、母亲的厨房用具以及姐姐的男朋友全由我统一安排。我需要讲究效率。我希望有条不紊。对我来说，样样东西都有个固定的地方，样样东西总是放在适当的地方。这些素质为我日后从事工业管理打下了良好的基础。

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遗憾的是，我这个人也有一点专横，不太善于听取别人的意见。等我把在大学取得学士学位后承办第一项工程的情况告诉你以后，你就会明白我这话是什么意思了。

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毕业后我回到家乡——印第安纳州的一个小镇上。当时我还没有找到工作。我父亲的一位朋友霍布斯先生在镇上有一家小型衬衫厂。在过去五年里，厂里的工人从20名增加到了80名。霍布斯先生担心他的工厂规模变得太大了，效率变得太低了，便请我进厂当了个短期顾问。

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我来到厂里，花了一个星期左右的时间一边到处查看，一边做些笔记。说真的，我对看到的情况不胜惊讶。最为奇怪的是，厂里竟然没有任何质量控制。没有人检验工厂生产的成品。结果，有些装箱待运的衬衫不是缺了一两粒钮扣，就是少了衣领，有时甚至还会短只袖子。

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HOMEChineseVersion工厂的生产条件很差。工作台很高，工人坐在旁边不很舒服。除了吃中午饭的半小时外，全天没有别的休息时间来调剂一下令人厌倦的工作。厂里也不播放音乐。工场间的墙壁全是一片暗灰钯。使我感到惊奇的是，工人们竟然没有罢工。

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HOMEChineseVersion此外，厂里的生产流程也时断时续。在装配线上有个缝钮扣的年轻人特别心不在焉。没有多久，我便认出了他，原来他就是在中学上数学课时坐在我后面的“大个子吉姆”。他动作很慢，所有的衬衫到了他这儿都耽搁下来。装配线上他后面的同班工人只好等在那儿无事可干；因此，在“大个子吉姆”一边工作一边胡思乱想的时候，大量时间便白白流逝了，劳动效率大受损失。整个礼拜我都在纳闷，为什么他没有被解雇。

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HOMEChineseVersion我观察了一个星期后，霍布斯先生便要我就调查结果作一个口头汇报。我把要点概括了一下向他汇报如下：“如果实行质量检验，你们就会大大改进成品。”

“如果把装配线重新设计一下，生产流程就会达到平稳，并能节省时间和精力。”

“如果降低工作台的高度，机器操作工作业时就会舒服一些。”

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HOMEChineseVersion“如果厂方播放悦耳的背景音乐，美化一下单调的环境，工厂的生产率就可以大大提高。”“如果工人们在上，下午各有一次15分钟的休息时间喝咖啡，他们的效率就会更高。”“如果工作出色能经常得到加薪提级，工人们就会在更大的生产积极性。”

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HOMEChineseVersion霍布斯先生对我的汇报表示感谢，并告诉我说他将和他的兄弟——该厂的另一位厂主兼经理——讨论我的建议。“我们关心工厂的发展，”他说。“我们要跟上时代的步伐。”他还送给我一张一百美元的支票并赠送给我一盒衬衫。

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HOMEChineseVersion

HOMEVocabularyEx.4CompletionEx.6ExercisesClozeEx.13TranslationEx.14WordbuildingEx.7,8FillinblanksEx.5StructureEx.9-12Findinthetextthewordsorexpressionswhichfitthefollowingdescriptions:Personwithspecialskillorknowledge expertFillwithwonder amazeTheinspectionofmanufacturedproducts qualitycontrolLessen(pain,worry,etc.) relieveAlineofworkersandmachinesalongWhichworkispasseduntilthefinishedproductIsmade assemblyline6.Dismiss(sb.)fromajob fire7.Greaterinimportance major8.Causetobecomelessinsize,number,etc. decrease9.Thepeoplewhoareinchargeofabusiness management10.Abletoproducemuch productive

HOME4.Exercises—VocabularyBACK

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup1.Itistruethattheseherbscanbeusedto_____pain.relieve2.Theyaremakingfurthereffortsto_____thecostofproduction.decreaseInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup3.Mybrothertoldmethathehadmetwithnodifficulty____inLearningEnglishgrammar.whatsoever4.Byconsistenthardworkwecan_____themajoreconomicobjectivesoftheeighthfive-yearplan.achievedInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup5.Thedaywas____,withacloudysky.dull6.Sambelievesthatinafactorybeautificationofthedullsetting______greaterproductivity.ResultinInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup7.Agoodphotographerpaysasmuchattentiontothe___ofaPictureashedoestothesubject.background8.Newmachineswereintroducedintothefactory._____,notonlyweretimeandenergysavedbutproductionwasgreatlyincreased.AsaresultInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup9.The___useofdrugsisaseriousproblemamongsomeAmericanYoungpeople.frequent10.Asingleworkercan____anentireassemblylineifhefailsto____theworkflow.KeepupwithInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup11.Theyoungworkerhasformedthehabitofhavingeverytool_____.Inplace12.ProfessorSmithhascometoourdepartmenttogivelectures____shortterm____.Ona….basisInplaceboringOna…basis

HOME5.Exercises—FillingBACKmissdullrelievewhatsoeverKeepupwithdecreaseachieveResultinbackgroundAsaresultfrequentHoldup13.Thelecturewasso____thatIcouldn’thelpyawning.boring14.Thisbookis______4pages.missingInplaceboringOna…basisExample:ThesightoftheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFranciscoisoftenagreatsurprisetovisitors.VisitorstoSanFrancisco………………(amaze)VisitorstoSanFranciscoareoftenamazeatthesightoftheGoldenGateBridge.

HOMEBACK6.Exercises—completionCompletethefollowingsentence,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.

HOMEBACK6.Exercises—completion1.Anygoodrelationshipbetweennationsisbasedonmutualtrustandrespect.2.Fewmotherswouldbesurprisedtofindboys’bedroomsuntidy.Formanyboys,itseemsalmostimpossibletokeeptheirbedroomsneat.(neat)Mutualtrustandrespectarethebasisforanygoodrelationshipbetweennations.(basis)

HOME6.Exercises—completion3.Athickfogovertheairportkeptourplanefromtakingoffonschedule.Thetake-offofourplanewasheldupbythickfogovertheairport.(holdup)

4.Initshistorythecityhasbeenhitbytwoearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamage,onein1906andtheotherin1989.

Thecityhasexperiencedtwomajorearthquakesinitshistory,onein1906andtheotherin1989.(major)

HOMEBACK6.Exercises—completion5.Theprofessorwasanoutstandingscientist,yetinhispersonallifehewasoftenforgetful.Thoughanoutstandingscientist,theprofessorwasoftenabsent-mindedinhispersonallife.(absent-minded)6.Anemployeecanhardlyexpecttokeephisjobifhefailstoreporttoworkontime.Failuretoreporttoworkontimewilloftenresultinanemployee’sbeingfired.(fire)7.Theprefixesun-,in-,im-,il-,andir-canbeusedbeforeadj.stomakethemnegativeinmeaning,forexample:Un+comfortable→Uncomfortable :notcomfortableIn+efficient→inefficient :notefficientIr+responsible→irresponsible :notresponsibleNowcompletethefollowingtable:HOMEBACK7,8.Exercises—wordbuildingHOMEBACK7,8.Exercises—wordbuildingadj.adj.negativeinmeaningadj.adj.negativeinmeaningableunableproperimproperpossibleimpossibleawareunawarefortunateunfortunateliterateilliteratenecessaryunnecessaryfrequentinfrequentPatientimpatientadequateinadequatesealedunsealedfinishedunfinishedFairunfairlikelyunlikelyregularirregulardirectin