英语动词分类

动词的分类实义动词系动词助动词情态动词（一）实义动词_________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

Ilikethebook.2.___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。

Birdscanfly.及物动词不及物动词实义动词主要考察词义辨析1,动词+宾语IlikeEnglishverymuch.2,动词+宾语+宾补WecallthebirdPolly(n.).1）动词+宾语+名词（n）（宾补）choose,consider,elect,make,namewechosehimourmonitor

2）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）

adviseallowcauseenable

encouragefindforbidforcewishinviteorderpermitpersuaderemindtellwarnexpectwish3）动词+宾语+省略to的不定式（宾补）一些动词要掌握，have,let和make,此三动词是使役，“注意”“观察”“听到”see，还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”，此点千万要牢记一感feel,二听hear,listento,三让have,let,make,四看see,lookat,observe,watch4）动词+adj(做补语)colour,keep,find,get,leave,make,paint,cutPleasecolouritred.Ifinditinteresting.5）动词加现在分词做补语get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

catch

/

have

sb.

doing;

see

/

find

/

watch

/

feel

/

hear

/

listen

to

/

discover

sb.

doing

如:他让我等了整整一上午。He

kept

me

waiting

the

whole

morning.

6）动词加过去分词（补语）过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,make

havesthdone我理发了。Ihavehadmyhaircut.我让别人明白了。Imademyselfheard.Imademyselfhearthatsong.3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,pass,post,read,return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write+sb+sth/sthtosbbook,buy,choosecook,draw,fetchfind,fix,getmake,order,pickpreparesavesingsparesteal+sbsth/sthforsb不及物动词1.没有被动形式的词happen,occur,rise,lie,die2.主动表示被动的词。动词+(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.既作及物又有不及物动词的词他跑的快。Herunsfast.他经营一家工厂。Herunsafactory.study，fly，run,change二、动词考察点分项说明：（一）、掌握动词的现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词四种形式的构成规则；

1、动词现在时的第三人称单数的构成：2、动词的过去式及过去分词的构成

①规则动词的变化：

规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成方法是相同的。②不规则动词的变化。（见九年级英语下册不规则动词表）3、动词的现在分词的构成：三、掌握系动词be,look,feel,smell,get,become,turn,keep等的基本用法；

常见的连系动词有：become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,fall等。它们后面常接形容词，构成系表结构。

Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.请保持教室的干净。

Thebreadlooksveryfresh.这些面包看上去很新鲜。状态变化系动词gocometurngrowfallgetbecome四、掌握助动词be,do,have,shall,will的基本用法；

助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，语态，和数的变化。

常见的助动词有：（1）be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)与现在分词结合，构成各种进行时态；或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。

I’mlookingformypen.我正在找我的笔。（现在进行时）

ThesecupsaremadeinChina.这些杯子是中国制造的。（被动语态）（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分词结合，构成完成时。

Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.

他们互相认识有二十年了。（现在完成时）

Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.

他十岁时就已经为自己建了一个化学实验室。（过去完成时）

（3）助动词do(does,did)后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。

HedoesnotspeakEnglish.他不说英语。

Whendidhecomeback?他什么时候回来的？（4）will(would),shall(should)：will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。

Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飞机十分中后将要到达。

Iwassurewewouldwin.我确信用我们会赢。

shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过

去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我们明天将在校门口见。

ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告诉他们我将独自做那项工作。（五）掌握情态动词can,must,need,may等基本句型结构及主要用法①

情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。

②

情态动词的种类：一、连系动词类①变化类:become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall

gobad/hungry/mad/wrongfall(fell-fallen)ill/asleep※feel(felt-felt)sick/sleepy②感观类:look,sound,feel,taste,smellHisvoicesounds________.A.wellB.beautifullyC.excellentD.wonderfullyC③显得类:seem,appear,look

ItlooksItseemsthat…Itappearsthat…④状态类:keep,stay,remain

★prove,turnout1.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn2.Thehotweatherwill

____anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turnBATheweatherturnedout(tobe)fine.Heproved(tobe)honest/anhonestperson.注：be,become,turn,remain可带名词Heremains

ateacher.=Heisstill

ateacher.1.He

became_____teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./

A二、使役、感观动词类：let(不用于被动）,make,havesee,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hearlistento,feel1.Theboss

madethem_____12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working2.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingAB口诀：不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear，listento；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help三、主动表被动类：

(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.3.Themanalwaysdresseswell/poorly.4.Yourcompositionreadswellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.5.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold

A6.Don’tgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirt,forit______.A.won’twashoutB.doesn’twashawayC.isn’twashingoutD.hasn’twashedaway7.Theytriedtogetthecar_______,butitwon’t______.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostart

AA四、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,miss,keep,suggest,appreciate,practice,delay,finish,dislike,excuse,imagine,consider,forbid,escapeadmit,advise,allow,putoff,giveup,beworth,bebusydevote…to,lookforwardto,beusedto,leadto,succeedin,spend/wastetime(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)thereisnouse(in)1.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comesDCB口诀：喜欢、考虑不可免（enjoy,consider,escape,avoid）

停止，放弃太冒险（stop,giveup,risk）

反对想象莫推延（mind,imagine,delay,putoff）

要求完成是期望（require,finish,lookforwardto.）

建议继续勤操练（suggest,goon,practice）

不禁原谅要坚持（can’thelp,excuse,insiston）

继续注意使成功（keepon,mind,succeedin）

五、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组decide,expect,hope,wish,order,refuse,promise,pretend,agree,seem,attempt,fail,offer,happen,warn,affordmakeupone’smindto,bedeterminedtousedto,beaboutto,beableto,havetowouldlike/loveto=shouldlike/loveto1.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnight.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggoneA2.MrSmithwarnedherson______afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive3.Shepretended_____mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenAA口诀1：三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pretend，choose口诀2：“要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。”

a要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)

b同意(agree,promise)

c意愿(care,hate,refuse)

d决定，企图(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)

六、宾语不同、意义不同1)goontodo/goondoing2)stoptodo/stopdoing3)remembertodo/rememberdoing4)forgettodo/forgetdoing5)meantodo/meandoing6)regrettodo/regretdoing7)trytodo/trydoing8)can’thelp(to)do/can’thelpdoing

★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff

DC口诀：能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：

forget,goon,mean,remember,stop,try，regret,巧记，

即"四'记'力争不后悔"。四记指(记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续)；力争指try；不后悔指"stop

regretting"-stop与regret。

七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大begin,start,continue,like,love,hatepreferItbeganraining.Itisbeginning

torain.Iprefer

stayinghometo

goingout.Iprefer

tostayhomeratherthangoout.Tiredashewas,hecontinued

towork.=Thoughhewasverytired,hecontinued

working.Helikes

playingfootball,buthedoesn’tlike

toplayfootballtoday.八、宾语不同、但意义相同need,require,want,deserveTheroomrequirestobecleaned.

=Theroomrequirescleaning.1.Thissentenceneeds_________.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improvedC2.Thebabyneeds________.A.lookedafterB.lookingafterC.lookafterD.tolookafterB九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同allow,permit,forbid,advise,admitconsiderWeforbid

smokinghere.Weforbidanybodytosmokehere.Youareforbidden

tosmokehere.口诀：advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.连接首字母即为afu'scap（阿福的帽子）

阿福的帽子，代表七动词，宾补不定式，宾语动名词

十、接虚拟语气的词1)insist2)order,command4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend4)demand,ask,require,request1.Heorderedthatwe(should)leaveatonce.2.Hisorderthatwe(should)leaveatoncewasright.3.Heinsistedthathisbrother_____there.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo4.Heinsistedthathe______nothingwrongand______setfree.A.do;beB.haddone;wasC.haddone;beD.did;was5.Hisvoicesuggestedthathe______angry.A.isB.beC.was