笔记符号-交替传译

一、图形符号二、人体行为符号三、标点符号四、数学符号五、中文符号六、谐音符号笔记符号七、化学符号八、生物符号九、地图标识十、英文符号十一、货币符号十二、其他符号十三、关联词/路标词state,kingdom,country,nation,national,federalcity,metropolis,cosmopolis,metropolitan,urban,municipalvillage,farm,outskirt,countryside,suburban,ruralareas右上角：人右下角：地方、地名、机构一.图形符号citizen,urbanresidents/inhabitantsfarmer,peasant,rancher,agriculturist领导，监督;顶点，顶级，最lead,supervise,head,peak,top,supreme,utmost,maximum,climaxuniversal,worldwide,international,transnational,global,transcontinental,allovertheworld,acrossboundaries多国，其他国家othercountries国民经济nationaleconomydomestic,native,internal,interior,athomeforeign,overseas,abroad,alien,exotic,outofthecountry,beyondseas,intheforeignlandinandoutofthecountry,athomeandabroad进口import出口export进出口import&export飞行员pilot飞机场airport中国人Chinesepeople经济实体economicentity，economist金融家，金融机构financialinstitutionboss,leader,chairman,ruler,chief,manager,president,majesty,governor,director,supervisor,monitor国家领导人，政府首脑stateleader广场square,plaze宏观调控，macro-control首都capitalcity重要

important,significant,key,critical,crucial,essential,vital,eventful,principal,core,ofgreatimportance/significance/consequence3.主要main,chief,primary,major,dominant,overwhelming

4.精彩

wonderful,terrific,splendid,fantastic,marvelous2.杰出great,well-known,outstanding,remarkable,excellent,perfect,brilliant,distinguished,notable,eminent,promising,prominent,prestigious,glorious,noteworthy,5.强调emphasize,focus,underline,underscorestress,highlight,spotlight,accentuatefocuson,layemphasis/stressonattachimportanceto,payattentiontothemostimportant特点，特色，特征mark,feature,character,symbol,sign,characteristic,specialitypeculiarity,attribute2.代表represent,symbolize,typify,standfor,onbehalfof整体，全部，总共whole,all,total,entire,complete,overallgeneral,universal,integral,gross,intact,onthewhole,allinall2.团结，统一，团聚united,unification,gather,gettogether所有国家所有人，人民群众主权和领土完整sovereigntyandterritorialintegrity⊙会议meeting,forum,session,seminar,conference,symposium,committee,association,parliament,council峰会summit(meeting)∞

关联linkto,connectwith,relateto,associatewith2.替代replace,displace,supplant,substituteinsteadof,taketheplaceof交流，交换exchange,interact,communicate2.关系interaction,relation,relationshippartnership双边关系，bilateralrelationship多边关系，multilateralrelationship举杯，祝贺，协议，条约toast,agreement,treaty,contractConvention,revolution双边协议，bilateralagreement多边协议，multilateralagreement⊕发展，develop,development发达的，developed发展中的，developing开始begin,start,initiate,open,originate,launch,pioneercommence,inaugurate2.形成，产生，出现establish,found,create,appear,emerge,occur,comeout,breakout,comeintobeing/existence3.医疗卫生RedCross,hospital,medicalcaremedicalinstitution禁止，结束end,conclude,complete,cease,stop,close,terminate,expire,halt,over,pause,turnoff,switchoff,breakupmakeanendof,bringtoanend,bringtoaconclusion道路，方法method,way,road,means,measureapproach,manner,access,route,coursemode,bymeansof,bywayof歪曲twist,distortionoffact2.困难，挫折difficulty,hardship,trouble,painful,tough,frustration,setback远faraway近near,close台阶，进步stepbystep,progress,advancemakeprogress过去，历史inthepast,history昨天yesterday上个月lastmonth去年lastyear前所未有的，unprecedented长久以来，很久以前，longbefore未来，将要,inthefuture改变，变化，改革，修改

change,transform果实，成果fruit,result,accomplishmentachievement（使）消失，废除，删除delete,exclude,dismiss,erasedisappear,vanish,extinct,removeabolish,getridof,wipeout2.

破坏，推翻，剥夺，取缔destroy,ruin,collapse,overthrowdemolish,

deprive,

4.倒闭，下岗bankrupt,

layoff,resign,retire5.死亡，已故的kill,murder,die,passaway,thelate6.解决，达到，实现overcome,settle,solve,address,realize,achieve,accomplish,fulfill3.抛弃，放弃abandon,desert,discard二.人体行为符号

smile,happy,glad,pleased,excitedinagoodmoodunhappy,sad,unsatisfied,angry,inabadmoodQ1.说tell,state,announce,express,claim,address,declare,argue,vow,explain,Introduce,report2.评论comment,remark,evaluateappraise,review开罗宣言，CairoManifesto赞扬speakhighlyof,praise批评criticize众说纷纭，若干说法variousopinions改革开放reformandopeningup爱，关心love,concern,careabout吓唬，威胁scare,threaten1.听,listento2.开放,beopento:看，面对observe,view,glance,stare,noticeglimpse,scan,skim,witness,gaze2.想think,consider,regard,conceiveponder,suppose,imagine,meditatespeculate,contemplate3.揭示，显示，看出show,suggest,indicate,reveal,discover,reflect←1.来come2.收到，受到receive3.需要，缺少need,require,want,beshortof,4.邀请，应邀invite,oninvitation愿意接受acceptwithpleasure1.卖sell2.获利makeaprofit去，到go

引起，导致，为了resultin,leadto1.买buy2.投资invest↑增加；上升；提高；完善；繁荣increase,heighten,enhance,grow,lift

soar,rise,raise,elevate,ascendflourish,advance,update,improveprosperity,boost,giveboostto,goup↓减少，降低，贬值decrease,decline,reduce,descenddiminish,fall,drop,sink,lowerrelieve,weaken,lessen,deterioratedevalue,degrade,depreciate,discountgodown,falloff1.很，非常deeply,very,quite,awfully2.深远的，深入的，深刻的profound,far-reaching，deep-rooted推动，促进；有助于；推断出promote,strengthen,encouragestimulate,facilitate,reinforcestrive,push,urge,stir,forceaccelerate,drive,prompt,propelgiveimpetusto,carryforward阻碍，推迟obstacle,postpone,delay,restrainwithdraw,discourage,curb,hamperhinder,barrier,bar,encumber,putoffstandinone’sway,holdback,drawback↗冲突，矛盾，分歧，争议conflict,contradictiondifference,dispute越来越increasing,growing,moreandmore越来越大biggerandbigger越来越多moreandmore压力，影响，压强pressure,burden,load,stress,impact,influence,effect,affectexertinfluenceon,haveeffecton迄今为止sofar,uptonow,tillnow…三.标点符号多numerous,countless,enormousabundant,various,mass,uncountableinnumerable,considerable,substantialaseriesof2.持续，继续，一直，长久last,continue,remain,maintainpersist,still,continuouseverlasting,eternal,permanent,constant,frequent,always,endless,allalong,keepon,goon3.信息点的弱化4.信息的省略andsoon在某种程度上tosomedegree不那么重要notsoimportant﹗1.危险，警告，当心，强调dangerous,hazardous,jeopardywarning,alarming,alertindanger,watchout2.加强语气：务必，一定，当然sure,certainly,ofcourse老实说，说实在的tobefrank,totellyouthetruth﹖﹪问题，疑问，谜，迷惑question,problem,perplexity,issue,puzzle,mystery,ask,inquiry,queryinterrogate,confused,bewildered2.所有疑问句以“？”开头来记录百分比，percent比率rate“”《》引用（理论，名言等）邓小平理论Dengxiaopingtheories《红楼梦》

ADreaminRedMansionsTheStroyoftheStone书﹙﹚由…组成，包括，容纳contain,comprise,cover,includeenclose,involve,embrace,bemadeupof,consistof[]用于记录状语∵∴四.数学符号因为，由于，幸亏because,dueto,thanksto所以，因此，结果是so,therefore,thatiswhy…consequently﹢和，另外，多，更plus,and,add,morethan,besides,moreover,inaddition另外五十anotherfifty五十多morethanfifty更少fewer÷－＝

减去，负增长

minus除了except相同，一致thesameas公平，平等fair,equal,justice比作compare…to…符合beconsistentwithbeinagreementwithcomplywith≠≈不赞同，不平等，有差距，不符合disagree,unfair,difference,disparity不符合事实notcomplywiththefact大约，大概about,around,almost,nearly等于说，也就是说thatistosay,inotherwords＜＞1.大于，超过，多于，优于surpass,exceed,morethansuperiorto2.供过于求supplyexceedsdemand过热overheated少于，低于，小于，劣于lessthan,inferiorto2.供不应求demandexceedssupply∑总和，共计sum，intotal∈×属于belongto错的，不好的，负面的，消极的wrong,mistake,fault,bad,negativenotorious2.否决veto√不称霸notseekhegemony对的，好的，积极的，成功的correct,good,positive,affirmative2.支持，善于，有利于support,begoodat,intheinterestof3.认可，批准endorse,ratify,confirm,approve文中立五.中文符号文化，文学，文明culture,literature,civilization中国People’sRepublicofChina立场，position(一）中文字力儿大力量，能力，权力power,strength,force,ability,capability儿童,childrenbig,huge,great,vast,gianttremendous,immense,spacious,extensive,massive,capacious市市场，market（二）偏旁部首学习study,learn家family,home快，迅速soon,rapid,swift,speedyquick,prompt组织organize,structure,tissue建设build,construct措施measure饭，食物meal,ricefood餐馆，饭店restaurant疾病illness,disease,ailment,sick病人patient军事，军队military,army,troop管理management,administration健康healthfu(三)拼音字母感谢thank,appreciate称霸，霸权主义hegemony,seekhegemony贡献contribution腐败corruption﹟六.谐音符号仅仅just,merely,only,nothingmorethannotonly环境environment,surroundings,settingcircumstance,condition,background七.化学符号Fe铁ferrum,iron铁路railway八.生物符号♀

♂

女性woman,female男性man,male九.地图标识学校教育十.英文符号（一）英文字母bcd但是but,however,nevertheless相信believe,trust世纪century日子，今天day,todayefgh经济economy金融finance政府government1.希望hope2.小时，hourImM我I,me1.月month2.分钟minute管理managementn多many,much,multi-p1.政治，政党，政权，政策politics,party,power,policy2.部门department,section,ministry外交部theMinistryofForeignAffairs生产，产品，停车场produce,manufacture,productrR改革reform1.权利right2.公路road高速公路expressways1.科学science2.社会society3.自从since社会主义socialism从那以后fromthenontR&D时间,倍time想，认为think技术technology科技scienceandtechnology高科技high-tech研发researchanddevelopmentuvwy你you胜利，成功win,success,victory,triumph我们we年year（二）英文小写缩略alco虽然，尽管，即使although,though,despiteindespiteof,evenif,eventhough商业business,commerce公司company,corporation,firmcom社团community财政fiscal教育education例如forexample,forinstanceinsinfoinfra保险insurance信息information,message基础设施infrastructure邀请invitationnu核的nuclear消息news贸易trade旅游travel,tour,journey税taxgymgraddocdemo利用use,utilize,makeuseof体育馆gymnasium毕业生graduates医生，博士doctor演示demonstrateen经验，经历experience效率effective,efficiency尽快assoonasimpossible请please能源energy（三）英文大写缩略CPCSOEPC中国共产党CommunistPartyofChina国有企业state-ownedenterprise1.个人电脑personalcomputer2.记者招待会pressconferenceDPRKROK亚太地区Asia-Pacificregion朝鲜DemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea韩国RepublicofKoreaLRJCJVHR劳动力资源laborresources联合公报JointCommunique合资企业JointVenture人权humanright人力资源humanresourcesPESMESEZOK批准，认可ratify,authorize计划经济PlannedEconomy社会主义市场经济SocialistMarketEconomy经济特区SpecialEconomicZ