十八届三中全会(英文版)

liangzhiMechanicsandCivilEngineeringInstituteSomemianpointaoutTheDecisiononMajorIssuesConcerningComprehensivelyDeepeningReforms

keywords:CPC(CommunistPartyofChina)--中国共产党reform--改革mechanism--机制policy--政策system--制度lastmonth,theCPChadholdtheThirdPlenarySessionofthe18thCPCCentralCommitteeatBeijing.AndtheDecisiononMajorIssuesConcerningComprehensivelyDeepeningReformshadbeenadopted.中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议，于2013年11月9日至12日在北京举行。会议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》ThefollowingissomepointswhatIthinkisimportant.1.Thereformoftheeconomicsystemisthefocusofalltheeffortstodeepentheall-roundreform.Thesuccessfulexperienceofthepastreformandopening-upmustbebuiltupon经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点,改革开放的成功实践为全面深化改革提供了重要经验，必须长期坚持2.Continuereformsoftheexaminationandenrollmentsystembyevaluatingstudentsnotonlybytheirfinalexamscoresbutalsotheirperformanceinschool.Studentsshouldgetmorethanonechancetotakeanexamthatdecidestheirenrollment.Provincial-leveleducationalauthoritiesandschoolsshouldenjoygreaterautonomy.推进考试招生制度改革，学生考试多次选择，从根本上解决一考定终身的弊端。扩大省级政府教育统筹权和学校办学自主权。3.Makemarketrulesthatarefair,openandtransparent.Reformthemarketregulationsystem,erasingregionalprotection,illegitimatefavorablepoliciesandmonopoly.Perfectthemarketexitmechanismtopromotethesurvivalofthefittest.

建立公平开放透明的市场规则。改革市场监管体系，严禁和惩处各类违法实行优惠政策行为，反对地方保护，反对垄断。健全优胜劣汰市场化退出机制。4.Perfectamechanismwherepricesaredeterminedbythemarket.Anypricethatcanbeaffectedbythemarketmustbelefttothemarket.Pushaheadwithpricereformsofwater,oilandnaturalgas,electricity,transportationandtelecommunication.Areasinwhichthegovernmentsetspriceswillbeconfinedtopublicutilities,publicserviceandareasthatarenaturallymonopolized.完善主要由市场决定价格的机制。凡是能由市场形成价格的都交给市场。推进水、石油、天然气、电力、交通、电信等领域价格改革。政府定价范围主要限定在重要公用事业、公益性服务、网络型自然垄断环节5.Formaconstruction-landmarketthatunifiesurbanandruralareas.Allowthesale,leasinganddemutualizationofrural,collectivelyownedbuildablelandunderthepremisethatitconformstoplanning.EnlargetheareainwhichState-ownedlandcanbeleased.Reducelandallocationthatdoesnotpromotepublicwelfare建立城乡统一的建设用地市场。在符合规划和用途管制前提下，允许农村集体经营性建设用地出让、租赁、入股。扩大国有土地有偿使用范围。减少非公益性用地划拨6.Activelyandsteadilycarryoutreformthatmergesministriesthathaveoverlappingfunctions.Encouragesomeprovincestoexploreprovincialgovernment'sdirectadministrationofcitiesorcounties.Strictlycontrolthenumberandexpenseofgovernmentemployees.积极稳妥实施大部门制。有条件的地方探索推进省直接管理县（市）体制改革。严格控制财政供养人员总量。7.Thecountrywillrelaxoverallcontroloffarmerssettlingintownsandsmallcities,andrelaxrestrictionsonsettlinginmedium-sizedcitiesinanorderlymanner.Chinashouldsetreasonablerequirementsforruralresidentstoobtainhukouinlargecities,andstrictlycontrolthesizeofpopulationinmegacities.全面放开建制镇和小城市落户限制，有序放开中等城市落户限制。合理确定大城市落户条件，严格控制特大城市人口规模。8.Transfertheroleofthegovernmentfrombeingtheproviderofculturalproductstothemanager.ImprovethemechanismfordealingwithemergenciesontheInternet.Institutionalizethegovernmentinformationreleasesystemandstandardizethevocationalqualificationsofjournalists.推动政府部门由办文化向管文化转变，健全网络突发事件处置机制。推动新闻发布制度化，严格新闻工作者职业资格制度。9.Allowcouplestohavetwochildrenifoneparentisasinglechildandimprovethefamilyplanningpolicy.Encourageprivateinvestmentinthemedicalsectorandprioritizesupportingnonprofithospitalsrunbyprivateinvestors.Allowdoctorstohavealicensetoworkinmorethanonehospital.Allowmedicalinsurancetocoverprivatehospitals.启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策，逐步调整完善生育政策。鼓励社会办医，优先支持举办非营利性医疗机构。允许医师多点执业，允许民办医疗机构纳入医保定点范围。10.Thecountrywillbuildastrictsupervisorysystemcoveringfoodanddrugsafety.Atracing-backsystemwillbecreated