2018年12月大学英语四级真题试题(卷)和答案(三套全)

目录TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"2017年12月大学英语四级真题试题一 （完整版） 1答案 15\o"CurrentDocument"2017年12月大学英语四级真题试题二 （完整版） 15答案 242017年12月大学英语四级真题试题三 （完整版） 24答案 342017年12月大学英语四级真题试题一 （完整版）Writing (25minutes)\o"CurrentDocument"(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试 )Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanashorteasyon howtobesthandletherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients.Youshouldwrite-atleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.ListeningComprehension (30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.A)Hergrandfather.B)Hergrandfather.C)HerfriendErika.D)Herlittlebrother.A)Bytakingpicturesforpassers-by.Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.Byworkingparttimeatahospital.Byaskingforhelponsocialmedia.Questions3to4arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.A)Testingtheefficiencyofthenewsolarpanel.Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.Generatingelectricpowerforpassingvehicles.Findingcheaperwaysofhighwayconstruction.A)Theyaremadefromcheapmaterials.Theyareonlyabouthalfaninchthick.Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.A)Theycanstandthewearandtearofnaturalelements.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.A)Thelackofcluesaboutthespecies.Endlessfightingintheregion.Inadequatefundingforresearch.Thehazardsfromthedesert.A)Toobservethewildlifeinthetwonationalparks.B)TostudythehabitatoflionsinSudanandEthiopia.Toidentifythereasonsforthelions?disappearance.Tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthe “lostlionsA)Lions?tracks.B)Lionswalking.Somecampingfacilities.Trapssetbylocalhunters.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeach conversation, youwill hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebest answerfrom thefour choicesmarkedA), B),C)andD).Then markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Aspecialgiftfromtheman.Acallfromherdad.Herweddinganniversary.Her,luckybirthday?.A)Threwherasurpriseparty.Boughtheragoodnecklace.Withatraveler?scheckWithhissmartphoneA)Whatherhusbandandthemanareupto.Whathasbeentroublingherhusband.Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.Thegiftherhusbandhasbought..A)Hewantstofindoutaboutthecouple ?sholidayplan.Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple?sholidayturnsout.Hewilltellthewomenthesecretifherhusbandagrees.Hewillbegladtobeaguideforthecouple ?sholidaytrip.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Theytaketherival?sattitudeintoaccount.Theyknowwhentoadoptatoughattitude.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.D)Theyseetheimportanceofmakingcompromises.A)Theyknowwhentostop.Theyknowhowtoadapt.Theyknowwhentomakecompromises.Theyknowhowtocontroltheiremotion.A)Theyarepatient.Theylearnquickly.Theyaregoodatexpression.Theyupholdtheirprinciples.A)Clarifyitemsofnegotiation.Makeclearone'sintentions.Gettoknowtheotherside.Formulateone'sstrategy.SectionConDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.WhentheInternationalSpaceStationwasbuilt.Howmanyspaceshuttlemissionstherewillbe.WhenAmerica'searliestspaceprogramstarted.A)Theytriedtomakebestuseofthelatesttechnology.Theytriedtomeetastronauts'specificrequirements.Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.Theyaccuratelycalculatedthespeedoftheorbitingshuttles.A)Theyareexpensivetomake.Theyareextremelyaccurate.Theywerefirstmadeinspace.Theywereinventedinthe1970s.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Everythingwasnaturalandgenuinethen.Peoplehadplentyoflandtocultivatethen.Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.ItwaswhenherancestorscametoAmerica.A)Theywereknowntobecreative.Theyenjoyedlivingalivingalifeofease.Theyhadallkindsofentertainment.Theybelievedinworkingforgoals.A)Chattingwithherancestors.Doingneedleworkbythefire.Furnishinghercountryhouse.Polishingallthesilverwork.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself.Callyourfamilyorfriendsforhelp.Useamaptoidentifyyourlocation.Trytofollowyourfootprintsback.A)Youmayendupenteringawonderland.Youmaygetdrownedinasuddenflood.Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.Youmayfindawayoutwithoutyourknowingit.A)Walkuphill.Lookforfood.Startafire.Waitpatiently.A)Checkthelocalweather.Findamapandacompass.Prepareenoughfoodanddrink.Informsomebodyofyourplan.PartHI ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Weallknowthereexistsgreatvoid(空白)inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto(26)toSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringMathematics),OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.Shenoticed therewasarealvoidinqualitystemeducationatall (27)ofthepubliceducationalsystem.shesaid,“IstartedEngineeringforkids(EFK)afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto(28) myownkids■_力in.Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwhere children(29)in STEI-Ibasedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate(30). _shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand(31) itTheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto(32)recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram(33)over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2014to$10millionin2015,with 25newbranches planned for2016.theEFKwebsitestates,“Ournationisnot(34)enoughengineers. Ourphilosophyistoinspire kidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat(35) .”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)attractedB)careerC)championshipsD)degreeE)developingF)enrollG)exposuresH)feasibIfeedingJ)graduatingK)interest…le.L)levelsM)localN)operatesO)participatedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2.Whyarentyoucuriousaboutwhathappened?[A]"YoususpendedRayRiceafterourvideo,"areporterfromTMZchallengedNationalFootballLeagueCommissionerRogerGoodelltheotherday. “Whydidn?tyouhavethecuriositytogotothecasino（赌场）yourself?”Theimplicationofthequestionisthatamorecuriouscommissionerwouldhavefoundawaytogetthetape.[B]Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereissomethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth, “havebeenbotheredforalongtimeaboutthecuriouslackofcuriosity,"saidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislaturebackinJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionsabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridgetrafficscandal."Isn?tthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened?'wroteconservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansinBenghazi,Libya.[C]Theimplication,ineachcase,isthatcuriosityisagoodthing ,andalackofcuriosityisaproblem.Aresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforone?sparty?Oristheresomethingofparticularvalueaboutcuriosityinandofitself?[D]ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebookCurious:TheDesiretoKnowandWhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionis,Yes?.Lesliearguesthatcuriosityisamuch -overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess,andthatwearelosingit.[E]Wearesuffering,hewrites,froma“serendipitydeficit."Theword“serendipity“wascoinedbyHoraceWalpoleinan1854letter,fromataleofthreeprinceswho“werealwaysmakingdiscoveries,byaccident,ofthingstheywerenotinsearchof."LeslieworriesthattheriseoftheInternet,amongothersocialandtechnologicalchanges,hasreducedourappetiteforaimlessadventures.Nolongerhavewetheinclinationtoletourselveswanderthroughfieldsofknowledge,readytobesurprised.Instead,weseekonlytheinformationwewant.[F]Whyisthisaproblem?Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrousdecisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasaspecies.[G]Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeisgrowinglesscurious.IntheU.S.andEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoadecliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereader'sborders.Butnoteverythingistobeblamedontechnology.ThedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentifiedbyLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makesusmorecurious.[H]Moreover,inordertobecurious,,"youhavetobeawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace.''AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusareunawareofhowmuchwedon?tknow,he?ssurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing: "Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers. ”[I]Indeed,Google,forwhichLeslieexpressesadmiration,isalsohisfrequentwhippingboy（替罪羊）？HequotesGoogleco-founderLarry Page totheeffectthatthe “perfectsearchengine"will"understandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant."Elsewhereinthebook,Lesliewrites: "Googleaimstosaveyoufromthethirstofcuriosityaltogether. ”[J]Somewhatnostalgically（ 怀旧地），hequotesJohnMaynardKeynes'sjustlyfamouswordsofpraisetothebookstore: "Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatistherefreelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriositydictates,shouldbeanafternoon'sentertainment."Ifonly!Leslie[K]Citingtheworkofpsychologistsandcognitive（认知的）scientistscriticizesthereceivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationLeslieofintellectualtalentandhardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor 一andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnotcultivated,itwillnotsurvive: "Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone.”[L]Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearlyages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesarelativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensateforlateron.[M]AlthoughLeslie?sbookisn'taboutpolitics,hedoesn'tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestionsatcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequences,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.[N]HepresentsasanexamplethefailureoftheGeorgeW.Bushadministrationtoprepareproperlyfortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculedformerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2002remarkthatwehavetobewaryofthe“unknownunknowns'weremistaken.Rumsfeld?sidea,Lesliewrites,"wasn?tabsurd——itwassmart."Headds,“Thetragedyisthathedidn?tfollowhisownadvice.”[O]All ofwhichbrings usbacktoGoodell andthe ChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthoseexamplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthority isintentionally beingincurious.I leaveit tothe reader?spoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich,ifany,chargesshouldstick.Butlet ?sbecarefulaboutdemandingcuriosity abouttheotherside?sweaknessesandremainingdeterminedlyincuriousaboutourown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsownsake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutissomethingwedidn'tparticularlywanttoknow.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedon ?tknow.AccordingtoLeslie,curiosityisessentialtoone ?ssuccess.Weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledge'ssake.Politicalleaders'lackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.Thereareoftenaccusationsaboutpoliticians ?andthemedia?slackofcuriositytofindoutthetruth.Thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.Itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.Visitingabookshopascuriosityleadsuscanbeagoodwaytoentertainourselves.BoththeriseoftheInternetandreducedappetiteforliteraryfictioncontributetopeople?sdecliningcuriosity.Mankindwouldn'tbesoinnovativewithoutcuriosity.SectionCDirections: Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aginghappenstoallofus,andisgenerallythoughtofasanaturalpartoflife.Itwouldseemsillytocallsuchathinga “disease.”Ontheotherhand,scientistsareincreasinglylearningthatagingandbiologicalagearetwodifferentthings,andthattheformerisakeyriskfactorforconditionssuchasheartdisease,cancerandmanymore.Inthatlight,agingitselfmightbeseenassomethingtreatable,thewayyouwouldtreathighbloodpressureoravitamindeficiency.BiophysicistAlexZhavoronkovbelievesthatagingshouldbeconsideredadisease.Hesaidthatdescribingagingasadiseasecreatesincentivestodeveloptreatments.“Ituntiesthehandsofthepharmaceutical(制药的)industrysothattheycanbegintreatingthediseaseandnotjustthesideeffects, "hesaid.,,Rightnow,peoplethinkofagingasnaturalandsomethingyoucan ?tcontrol:?hesaid."Inacademiccircles,peopletakeagingresearchasjustaninterestareawheretheycantrytodevelopinterventions.Themedicalcommunityalsotakesagingforgranted,andcandonothingaboutitexceptkeeppeoplewithinacertainhealthrange.”Butifagingwererecognizedasadisease,hesaid, “Itwouldattractfundingandchangethewaywedohealthcare.Whatmattersisunderstandingthatagingiscurable. curable. 力“Itwasalwaysknownthatthebodyaccumulatesdamage, "headded.“Theonlywaytocureagingistofindwaystorepairthatdamage.Ithinkofitaspreventivemedicineforage-relatedconditions.''LeonardHayflick,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,saidtheideathatagingcanbecuredimpliesthehumanlifespancanbeincreased,whichsomeresearcherssuggestispossible.Hayflickisnotamongthem.“There?remanypeoplewhorecoverfromcancer,stroke,orheartdisease.Buttheycontinuetoage,50.WhatdoesProfessorLeonardHayflickbelieve?50.WhatdoesProfessorLeonardHayflickbelieve?becauseagingisseparatefromtheirdisease,“Hayflicksaid."Evenifthosecausesofdeathwereeliminated,lifeexpectancywouldstillnotgomuchbeyond92years.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutaging?Itshouldcausenoalarmwhatsoever.Theyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.Itshouldberegardedasakindofdisease.Theycandelayitwithadvancesinscience.Howdomanyscientistsviewagingnow?Itmightbepreventedandtreated.Itcanbeasriskyasheartdisease.Itresultsfromavitamindeficiency.Itisanirreversiblebiologicalprocess.WhatdoesAlexZhavoronkovthinkof "describingagingasadisease”？Itwillpromptpeopletotakeagingmoreseriously.Itwillgreatlyhelpreducethesideeffectsofaging.Itwillfreepharmacistsfromtheconventionalbeliefsaboutaging.Itwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.Whatdowelearnaboutthemedicalcommunity?Theynowhaveastronginterestinresearchonaging.Theydifferfromtheacademiccirclesintheirviewonaging.Theycancontributetopeople?shealthonlytoalimitedextent.Theyhavewaystointerveneinpeople'sagingprocess.Thehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.Agingishardlyseparablefromdisease.Fewpeoplecanliveuptotheageof92.Heartdiseaseisthemajorcauseofaging.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Femaleapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeoscienceswerenearlyhalfaslikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofrecommendation,comparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.ChristopherIntagliatareports.Asinmanyotherfields, genderbiasiswidespreadinthesciences.Menscorehigherstartingsalaries,havemorementoring( 指导),andhavebetteroddsofbeinghired.Studiesshowthey?realsoperceivedasmorecompetentthanwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)fields.Andnewresearchrevealsthatmenaremorelikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofrecommendation,too. “Say,youknow,thisisthebeststudentI?veeverhad,”saysKuheliDutt,asocialscientistanddiversityofficeratColumbiaUniversity ?sLamontcampus."Comparethoseexcellentletterswithamerelygoodletter:'Thecandidatewasproductive,orintelligent,orasolidscientistorsomethingthat?sclearlysolidpraise,?butnothingthatsinglesoutthecandidateasexceptionaloroneofakind. ”Duttandhercolleaguesstudiedmorethan1,200lettersofrecommendationforpostdoctoralpositionsingeoscience.Theywerealleditedforgenderandotheridentifyinginformation,soDuttandherteamcouldassignthemascorewithoutknowingthegenderofthestudent.Theyfoundthatfemaleapplicantswereonlyhalfaslikelytogetoutstandingletters,comparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.ThatNatureGeoscience.includeslettersofrecommendationfromallovertheworld,andwrittenby,yes,menandwomen.ThefindingsareinthejournalNatureGeoscience.Duttsaystheywerenotabletoevaluatetheactualscientificqualificationsoftheapplicantsusingthedatainthefiles.Butshesaystheresultsstillsuggestwomeningeoscienceareatapotentialdisadvantagefromtheverybeginningoftheircareersstartingwiththoselessthanoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.“W?renottryingtoassignblameorcriticizeanyoneorcallanyoneconsciouslysexist.Rather,thepointistousetheresultsofthisstudytoopenupmeaningfuldialoguesonimplicitgenderbias,beitatadepartmentalleveloraninstitutionallevelorevenadisciplinelevel."Whichmayleadtosomerecommendationsfortheletterwritersthemselves.55.WhatdoesDuttaimtodowithher study?55.WhatdoesDuttaimtodowithher study?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Whatdowelearnaboutapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeosciences?Therearemanymoremenapplyingthanwomen.Chancesforwomentogetthepositionsarescarce.Moremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.Maleapplicantshavemoreinterestinthesepositionsthantheirfemalecounterparts.Whatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearchshow?Womenengagedinpostdoctoralworkarequicklycatchingup.Fewerwomenareapplyingforpostdoctoralpositionsduetogenderbias.MenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.WomenwhoarekeenlyinterestedinSTEMfieldsareoftenexceptional.Whatdothestudiesfindabouttherecommendationlettersforwomenapplicants?Theyarehardlyeversupportedbyconcreteexamples.Theycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.Theyprovideobjectiveinformationwithoutexaggeration.Theyareoftenfilledwithpraiseforexceptionalapplicants.WhatdidDuttandhercolleaguesdowiththemorethan1,200lettersofrecommendation?Theyaskedunbiasedscholarstoevaluatethem.Theyinvitedwomenprofessionalstoeditthem.Theyassignedthemrandomlytoreviewers.Theydeletedallinformationaboutgender.Raiserecommendationwriters?awarenessofgenderbiasintheirletters.Openupfreshavenuesforwomenpost-doctorstojoininresearchwork.AlertwomenresearcherstoalltypesofgenderbiasintheSTEMdisciplines.Startapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomen'sstatusinacademiccircles.PartIVPartIVTranslation(30minutes)AnswerSheet2.Directions: Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.黄ft位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。 要欣赏大ft的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄ft美景，就得向下看。黄ft的湿润气候有利于茶树生长，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄ft是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答快速对答案12345678910111213141516171819202122232425DBBCBDADACBCABCACBCDBACAD26272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950GLFOCEMNJBHDOMBLKJGFBADCA5152535455CCBDD2017年12月大学英语四级真题试题二 （完整版）Writing (25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试 )Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanashorteasyon howtobesthandletherelationshipparentsandchildren. —Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.ListeningComprehension (30minutes)说明：2017年12月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。Partm ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aratorpigeonmightnotbetheobviouschoicetotendtosomeonewhoissick,butthesecreatureshavesome(26)skillsthatcouldhelpthetreatmentofhumandiseases.Pigeonsareoftenseenasdirtybirdsand anurban(27),buttheyarejustthelatestinalonglineofanimalsthathavebeenfoundtohave

abilitiestohelphumans.Despitehavingabrainnobiggerthanthe(28)ofyourindexfinger,pigeonshaveaveryimpressive(29)memory.Recentlyitwasshownthattheycouldbetrainedtobeasaccurateashumansatabilitiestohelphumans.Despitehavingabrainnobiggerthanthe(28)ofyourindexfinger,pigeonshaveaveryimpressive(29)memory.Recentlyitwasshownthattheycouldbetrainedtobeasaccurateashumansatdetectingbreastcancerinimages.Ratsareoften(30)withspreadingdiseaseratherthan(31)it,Ratsareoften(30)withspreadingdiseaseratherthan(31)it,butthislong-tailedanimalishighly(32) .Insidearat'snoseareupto1.000differenttypesofolfactoryreceptors(嗅觉感受器),whereashumansonlyhave100to200types.Thisgivesratstheabilitytodetect(33)smells.Asaresult,someratsarebeingputtoworktodetectTB(肺结核).Whentheratsdetectthesmell,theystopandrubtheirlegsto(34)asampleisinfected.Traditionally,ahundredsampleswouldtakelabtechniciansmorethantwodaysto(35),butforaratittakeslessthan20minutes.Thisratdetectionmethoddoesn?trelyonspecialistequipment.Itisalsomoreaccurate —theratsareabletofindmoreTBinfectionsand,therefore,savemorelives.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答A)associatedB)examineC)indicateD)nuisanceE)peakF)preventingG)prohibitingH)sensitivIslightJ)specifyK)superioreL)suspicioM)tipN)treatedO)visualusSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2.DoIn-ClassExamsMakeStudentsStudyHarder?[A]Ihavealwaysbeenapoortest-taker.SoitmayseemratherstrangethatIhavereturnedtocollegetofinishthedegreeIleftundonesomefourdecadesago.IammakingmywaythroughColumbiaUniversity,surroundedbystudentswhoquicklysupplytheverbalanswerwhileIamstillprocessingthequestion.[B]Sincethereisnowayformetoavoidexams,Iamcurrentlyquestioningwhatkindarethemosttaxingandultimatelybeneficial.Ihave