山东省滨州市惠民县李庄镇中学2023年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省滨州市惠民县李庄镇中学2023年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.I'llcometopayavisittoyouif________thisweekend.A．you'reconvenient

B．itisconvenientforyouC．youfeelconvenient

D．itisconvenientwithyou参考答案：B2.Ifyouhaveanyquestions_______thismatter,pleasefeelfreetocontactourofficeat866-473-4373.A.accordingto

B.regardingC.connecting

D.providing参考答案：B3.Alicestoodinfrontofthewindow,____shecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball.Awhich

Bfromwhere

Cfromthere

Dthere参考答案：B4.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,when_______suchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedto B.comparingto

C.comparedto D.beingcomparedto参考答案：C5.Inthereunionafterbeingapartfortenyears,wedranktogetherandtalkedmerrily_______farintothenight.

A.even

B.by

C.so

D.till参考答案：D6.—I’vegotthemoneybackfromHenry.

--________?Afterall,heneedsourhelpnow.

A.What’swrongwithyou?

B.Howcouldyoudothat?

C.Howmuchdidyouget?

D.Whendidyoudothat?参考答案：B7.In_____casewheresomebodyisbleedingheavily，_______goodknowledgeoffirstaidcanmake_____realdifference.A.the;/;a B.a;/;the C.a;a;the D.a;a;a参考答案：D略30.Shespokeveryconfidentlybecauseshewantedtomakeagreat

onheremployeratthefirsttime.A.influence

B.pressure

C.impression

D.effect参考答案：C略9.Notuntilhetoldme

itwasChristmasDay.A.didIrealize

B.doIrealize

C.Irealize

D.Irealized参考答案：A10.Theconferencewasheldtodiscusstheeffectthattourismhas________thewildlifeinthearea.A.in

B.on

C.at

D.with参考答案：B11.Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniverseintobeing.

A.came B.wascomingC.hadcome D.wouldcome参考答案：A提示:考查时态的用法。句意为:“对于宇宙是如何形成的科学家有很多理论。”因为宇宙的形成这个动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时。

12.Notuntilhehadlefthisfriend_______howimportantfriendshipwasforhim.A.didherealize

B.herealized

C.hadherealized

D.hehadrealized参考答案：A略13.Mr.White,whocomesfrom____Europeancountry,hasformed_____habitofattending____churchonSundays.

A.an;/;the

B.a;a;a

C.an;the;/

D.a;the;/参考答案：D略14.Infrontofthefarmhouse______.

A.aboylay

B.laidaboy

C.layaboy

D.didaboylie参考答案：C考查完全倒装。句意：农舍前面躺着一个男孩。当表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，句子的主语和谓语要完全交换位置，构成全部倒装，“infrontofthefarmhouse”表示地点，故该空用完全倒装。lie的过去式为lay，故C选项正确。B选项中，laid的原形为lay，意为“放置，搁置，产卵，下蛋”，不合题意。15.Doyouknowhowmanypartsthismachine__________?A.consistsin B.consistsofC.isconsistedof D.consistswith参考答案：B【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：你知道这台机器有多少零件组成吗？A.consistsin在于；B.consistsof由组成，没有被动语态。C.isconsistedof因为consistof没有被动，所以是错误的；D.consistswith…与……一致的。分析句子的语境可知，此处是指由“由……构成”，故选B。16.

Inmanyshopsthecustomerhastowaitforsomeoneto________him.Andwhenfinallysomeclerkappearskindenoughtonoticeyou,youaremadetofeelasifyouwereinterruptinghim.A.catchon

B.callon

C.waiton

D.takeon参考答案：C二、新的题型17.Learningscienceinvolvesknowledgeandapplication.Duringyourundergraduateyears,applicationsstartinthesciencelaboratory.36

Thefollowingarewaysonhowtohandleandcleanscienceequipment:

Glassware（器皿）.37Iftheglasshasimpurities,theexperimentcanfail.Ingeneral,therearefourwaystocleantheequipment:1.Completelycleaningtheglasswareusingflowingtapwater.2.Usingthecleanerthatisspecificallydesignedforlaboratoryglassware.3.Boilingwaterinthewaretocompletelyremovethesolutions.4.Usingchemicalsolventandwater-basedsoakingsolutions.

Plasticware.Sincethisismoresensitivethanglass,mildlabcleanerisenoughtocleanit.38Washwithclean,preferablydistilledwater.Useheatandchemicalsolutionsforremovingdifficultgrease,oilandotherorganicmatter.However,notalltypesofplasticscanbearheatandchemicalapplication.39

Stainlesssteellabware.Neverusehydrochloricacidonsteelproducts.Asoftandcleanclothcanbeused.Therearealsostainlesssteelpadsthatcanbeused.40Usuallythesesteelproductshavevisiblepolishinggrainsorlinesthatmustbefollowedasdirectionsforcleaning.Filteredwateristherecommendedliquidforcleaning.Someunfilteredwatercancontaindepositbuiltupthatcanprotecttheequipment.A.Notethateachchemicalisunique.

B.Notethatthecleanerdoesn’thavestrongPH.C.Thereareinstancesinwhichwaterisusedforthelastcleaning.D.Itisstillbestthatyoucheckcleaninginstructionsinthepackaging.E.However,themannerofcleaningorpolishingmustbecorrectlyobserved.F.Thistypeofequipmentisusuallyusedasaholderforchemicalstobetested.G.Youusedifferentscienceequipmenttohelpyouproduceconclusionsongivenproblems.参考答案：36-40：GFBDE三、阅读理解18.Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryⅣ，KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong－lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst－timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,

MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.12.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause____.A.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmentB.theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayinC.theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsD.theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryⅣ'sattitudetobathing？A.Afraid.

B.Curious.C.Approving.

D.Uninterested.14.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop？A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage？A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.参考答案：12.C

13.A

14.C

15.D试题分析：文章大意：本文为议论文。介绍了不同时期人们对污垢的不同理解以及持有的不同态度。过去人们认为污垢有助于保护皮肤抵御疾病，所以拒绝洗澡。而现在免疫学家声称污垢有利于加强人的免疫系统，并且有一定的依据证明此观点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的第一、二、三、四句可知当时的人们认为洗净污垢会使疾病侵入，而浴室更是疾病容易传播的地方，所以英法国王下令关闭公共浴室，这样可排除A、B、D，而C项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的最后两句可知法国国王HenryⅣ因身体脏而出名，听说有位贵族洗澡后，就下令禁止这位贵族外出以防止疾病的入侵。可以推断他对洗澡的态度是恐惧的。A：恐惧；B：好奇；C：赞同；D：不感兴趣。选A【14题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，从16世纪早期人们认为污垢有利于抵御疾病，到18世纪人们从科学的角度认为洗净污垢有利身体健康，再到现今人们对污垢的态度又有所不同可以看出文章的写作是以时间为顺序的。选C【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的“thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt”和最后一段的第一句“Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.”可以看出作者写这篇文章的目的是要呈现不同时期的人们对污垢的不同态度。选D19.

CWhen,afterayearofbeingaloneonhisisland,RobinsonCrusoeseesafootprintinthesand,thereaderofRobinsonCrusoetrembles.WillCrusoefindanotherhumanbeingtoendhisloneliness?Isthefootprintthesignofanenemy?Since1719,whenDanielDefoewroteRobinsonCrusoe,thousandsofpeoplewhoenjoyEnglishnovelshavethrilledtothisgreatadventurestory.Butfewknowhowthestorycametobewritten.RobinsonCrusoewasthefirstEnglishnovel.ItsbirthbroughttogetherthemisadventuresofaScotch“failure”andtheuntappedimaginationofanagingEnglishscribbler.

NeartheendoftheSeventeenthCentury,thehot-temperedAlexanderSelkirkwaschargedwithbadconductwhileinchurch.Ratherthanfacethischarge,heranawaytosea.Severalyearslater,SelkirkfoundhimselfontheshipofanEnglishprivateer.TheprivateerwaspreyingonSpanishshipping.ButSelkirkquarreledbitterlywiththeCaptain.So,whentheshipcametotheislandofJuanFemandezintheSouthSeas,Selkirkaskedtobeputashore.Whenhesawthattherewerenopeopleontheisland,hebeggedtobetakenbackonboard.ButtheCaptainrefused—Selkirkhadgonetoofar.Overfouryearslater,Selkirkwasrescuedbyanothership.WhenSelkirkgotbacktoEngland,thestoryofhislifeontheislandfiredtheimaginationofDanielDefoe.Defoehadbeenearningalivingbyhispensincehewasthirty.Hewasamazinglyhard-working.Hewroteawholenewspaperthreetimesaweek.Healsomadepartofhislivingfrompolitics.Hesupportedbothpoliticalparties.Hetoldeachpartythatithadhissolesupport.【小题1】AlexanderSelkirkspentfouryearsonadesertislandbecause

.

A.hesoughtadventure

B.hewashot-tem