初中英语中考复习 考点30 阅读理解之议论文-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 （解析版）

考点30阅读理解之议论文议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。所以考生要培养根据上下文猜词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作者的意图。议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等几种出题方式。二、解题方法：一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨标题往往是全文的主题，审视标题，有利于理解全文，提高解题效率。主题句对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用。根据主题句既可以知道文章议论的是什么，也可以知道作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。议论文题材偏难，但其框架一般都很清晰，多采用总—分—总的结构，交替使用正面和反面的论证方式。通常，先总说现象或观点；其次，正面陈述、反面论证；最后作者表明自己的态度，再次总结文章。通常主题句会出现在文章的首句或句末，在这些地方要多留意表示归纳的词汇，也可以在具体事例之后或之前的表示观点的陈述句中寻找。二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解除主旨题外，细节理解题也是阅读理解题中的基础题，它主要考查学生对文中的具体事例、数字、时间、地点等的理解。经常出现排序题(按事情发展顺序排序)，图表题(按文章内容找出正确图形)，正误题(依据文章内容对所列的陈述进行正误判断)。对这种题型，无论细节题如何变化形式，立足点都应是从文章中找出相应词句作为依据。虽然答案中有的细节在文中很清楚，但可能与问题无关。细节题的破解一般用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、分析、对比，有根据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。假如问题采用的是反向思维，题中含有not或except等表示否定意义的词，则需要更加留意。此法可以加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率。做此类题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图做推理判断题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，站在作者的视角，而不是主观臆断、凭空想象，从而走入误区。英语文章讲究使用主题段与主题句，段与段之间通常有过渡性词语连接，承上启下，使文章行文连贯。有时文章还会在时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑推理上运用较高级的手段进行组编。要想准确、深刻地理解文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握全篇的文脉，即句内、句间和段落间的修辞手段或逻辑关系。作者往往在构思语篇前会进行预先设定：读者知道什么，不知道什么，读者可能与自己共同拥有什么样的生活经验、思想见地和需求欲望等，然后设计一些隐藏在语篇深层的＂潜台词＂。因此，这类试题要求考生利用主题句进行推测，揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用背景知识去挖掘文章的深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调。四、多读多背，扩大词汇量，掌握猜词技巧由于当今的阅读文章题材广泛，体裁多样，经常出现一词多义，甚至出现没学过的词汇。许多学生感到困扰很大，有的甚至烦躁得难以坚持阅读下去。要解决阅读中的生词问题，一是要扩大英语词汇量，二是要学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，如：利用同义、反义、上义、下义、词的集合、词的搭配等关系；利用照应、替代、省略、定义、举例等情境关系；利用词缀、转化、合成等构词法；利用后置定语或同位语等语法结构；利用前后对比或因果推理法等。总之，想要提高阅读能力，尤其是对考生来说难度较大的议论文阅读，学生应能从篇章和试题双方面入手。通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，优化阅读理解中议论文的解题思路和方法策略，提高学生自主学习的能力。ACanMoneyBuyHappiness?Canmoneybuyhappiness?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionstowardmoney.Somepeoplethinkmoneyisthesourceofhappiness.Intheiropinion,everythingintheworldcanbeboughtwithmoney.However,othersthinkthatmoneyistherootofallevils.Forexample,somepeoplefightagainsteachotherformoney,somekillothersformoney.Alltheseevilsareunderthecontrolofmoney.Inmyopinion,moneycanbringuspainaswellashappiness.Onlywhenyourmoneyismadethroughyourhonestefforts,canyouliveagoodlife.Ifweusemoneytohelpthepoorandhomeless,wewillenjoythetruehappiness.

JaspreetSethi,NewDelhi,IndiaCanmoneybuyhappiness?Itcertainlydoesn’tmakeonesad.Ifitcomesmyway,I’llbehappy.IfIhadmoney,I’dbuyabiggercar,abiggerhouse,abettereducationformychild,andabetterholidayformyfamily.AdamHassan,Abuja,NigeriaIthinkmoneycanbuyhappiness.Ifyouhavetopayschoolfees,youneedmoney.Ifyouneedahomeforyourself,youneedmoney.Ifyouwanttobuyyourselfsomethingtoeat,youneedmoney.Soifyoudon’thavemoneytogetthesethings,therewon’tbehappiness.IfIhadmoney,I’dgetmyselfahome,averygoodcar,andawife.ArsenyYatsechko,Moscow,RussiaMoneycanbuyanything.Ifyouhaveenoughmoney,youcanmakeyourselfhappy.Familycanchange,peoplecanchange,butmoneywon’tchange.IfIhadmoney,I’dprobablyspenditonatrip.I’dgotoParisorBerlin.I’mnotsoworriedabouttheeconomy.RichardWicks,London,UnitedKingdomI’veseenpeoplewithuntoldwealth.Theyneverseemedhappytome.Butwhatishappiness?Youknow,attheendoftheday,aslongasyou’vegotyourhealthandcangetup,brushyourteeth,getdressedinthemorning,andtalktooneanother,you’retherichestpersonintheworld.MiguelJosueMolano,Bogotá,ColombiaYoucanhavelotsofmoney,butifyoudon’thavehappinessinyourheart,youwon’tbeabletoshareit.IfIsuddenlyfoundmyselfwithlotsofmoney,Iwouldtrytohelppeople,becausethat’sthewaytobecomehappy.I’dhelppeopletrytoachieveadifferenttypeofhappiness.Accordingtothepassage,howmanypeoplethinkmoneycanbuyhappinessandhowmanydon’tthinksoTwo;threeB.Three;twoC.Four,oneD.One;fourFromRichardWicks,wecanknow____________________.goodhealthisthewealthB.moneyisthehappinessC.moneycanbuyeverythingD.who’stherichestintheworldIfMiguelJosueMolanohadmuchmoney,hewould______________________.getaverygoodcarandahomeB.gotodifferentcountriesforavisitC.helppeopleachievetheirhappinessD.buyamuchbiggerhouseWhatdoesAdamHassanthinkofthemoney?Withoutmoneywecan’thavehappiness.Onlymoneycanbringushappiness.Everythingneedsmoney.Moneycanmakeyouhealthy.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmoney?Moneyistherootofallevils.Moneyisthesourceofhappiness.Moneymustbemadebyyourhonestefforts.Moneycanbringpainandhappiness.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文中首先阐述了作者的金钱和幸福观，然后列举了五个不同国家的人的对金钱和幸福的观点。1.综合判断题。根据五个人所阐述的不同观点，可总结归纳得知答案。2.主旨大意题。根据aslongasyou’vegotyourhealth...,you’retherichestpersonintheworld.可知健康才是财富。3.细节理解题。根据IfIsuddenlyfoundmyselfwithlotsofmoney,...I’dhelppeopletrytoachieveadifferenttypeofhappiness可知答案。4.主旨大意题。根据Soifyoudon’thavemoneytogetthesethings,therewon’tbehappiness可知没有钱就没有幸福。5.主旨大意题。根据第一段中Inmyopinion,moneycanbringuspainaswellashappiness可知作者的观点是金钱可带来痛苦也能带来幸福。BIsthereawaytoquicklyrecallinformationjustbeforetakinganexam?Walkingbackwardmightbeagoodsolution.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofRoehamptonintheUKsaidthisactivitycanhelppeopleimprovetheirshort-termmemory.Researchersasked114volunteerstowatchavideo.Afterwatchingthevideo,volunteersweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwastoldtowalk10metersforward.Thesecondgroupwalked10metersbackward.Thethirdgroupstoodinoneplace.Allthreegroupswerethenasked20questionsaboutwhattheysawinthevideo.Thescientistsfoundthatthebackwardwalkinggroupgottwomoreanswerscorrectonaveragethantheothertwogroups.Thissuggeststhattherelationshipbetweentheconceptsoftimeandspaceisimportantconsideringhowourmindsformmemories.“Timeisreallyexpressedviaspace,”AleksandarAksentijevic,wholedthestudy,toldtheDailyMail.Whenyouwalkbackward,youseethingsfromadifferentwaycomparedtowalkingforward.Thisdifferencehelpspeoplerecallthingsthathappenedinthepast.Andwalkingbackwardisnotjustgoodforourbrains.Itisalsogoodfortherestofourbody,Comparedtowalkingforward,walkingbackwardismorechallenging.Thiscanameliorateourenergyinashorttimeandburnsmorecalories.Besides,walkingbackwardputslessstressonourknees.Itcouldbehelpfulforpeoplewhooftenhavepainintheirknees,accordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofOregonintheUS.Walkingbackwardalsokeepsourspinesstrong,whichcanhelptoreducepainintheback.Thismightbewhymanyoldpeoplelikewalkingbackward.(WordBank:solution解决方法concept概念reduce减少)根据材料内容选择最佳答案16.Whatwasthefirstgroupaskedtodobytheresearchers?A.Tostayinoneplace.B.Towalkupanddown.C.Towalk10metersforward.D.Towalk10metersbackward.17.Thetestshowsthatwalkingbackward________.A.isonlygoodforourbrainsB.putslessstressonourkneesC.usesmoreenergyinashorttimeD.improvesourshort-termmemory18.Theunderlinedword"ameliorate"hastheclosestmeaningto"________".A.HarmB.improveC.controlD.spread19.Whydooldpeoplelikewalkingbackward?A.BecauseithelpsburnmorecaloriesB.Becauseithelpsthemrecalltheirpast.C.Becauseithelpsthemrememberthings.D.Becauseithelpsreducepainintheirback.20.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Walkingbackwardisgoodforusinseveralways.B.Walkingbackwardisagoodwaytokeephealthy.C.Walkingbackwardcanhelpusdobetterinexam.D.Walkingbackwardisbecomingmoreandmorepopular16.C第二自然段第二行得出答案选C17.D第一自然段第三句话这种活动能提高他们的短期记忆。18.B联系上下文得出这是提高意思。19.D最后一段Walkingbackwardalsokeepsourspinesstrong,whichcanhelptoreducepainintheback得出答案选D20.A这篇文章主要讲述倒走对保持健康有好处。CHaveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise.Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1,000timesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories(卡路里).Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Differencebetweenairandwater. B.Weightchangeofone’sbody.C.Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise. D.Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.14.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?A.Relaxing. B.Worrying. C.Challenging. D.Boring.15.Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis_________.A.doneingroups B.fitforeveryoneC.difficulttolearn D.donewithspecialskills16.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture. B.Health. C.Nature. D.Travel.【文章大意】跑步或走路来锻炼身体总是很容易半途而废，那么就来尝试一下水中运动吧，它就像陆地上的锻炼一样，只不过是在游泳池里。这种锻炼可以燃烧更多的卡路里，且不会伤害你的膝盖，还能让人们感觉很放松，因此受到了越来越多人的欢迎。13.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的文意可知，这一段介绍了水中运动比陆地运动更容易的原因，它不伤害你的膝盖，且能燃烧更多的卡路里。总而言之，这一段介绍的是水中运动的优点，故C选项符合文意。14.A【解析】细节理解题。大多数人认为水中运动怎么样？A.Relaxing令人放松的。B.是＂令人担心的＂；C.是＂有挑战性的＂；D.是＂无聊的＂。根据短文第三段中Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater…Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.可知，大多数人都觉得在水里很放松，感觉很好。由此可知应选A。15.B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone可知，水中运动非常安全、学起来也很容易，不需要什么特殊的技能，它适合每个人。由此可知应选B。16.B【解析】推理判断题。我们在杂志那个板块可以读到以上内容？A.是＂文化＂；C.是＂自然＂；D.是＂旅行＂。根据短文第一段Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise可知，短文介绍的是一种越来越受人们欢迎的新运动—水中运动，这样的内容应该在杂志上的健康版块，故应先B。DManypeoplemightthinkthatiftheyhadmoremoney,thentheywouldbehappierinlife.Forexample,peoplemightlookatwhatothershave,likeexpensiveclothesornicecars,andwishtheycouldhavethesame.Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.___①____Butisthatreallytrue?Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.__②____Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy.__③___Itcouldbebuyingapresentforafriendorafamilymember.___④___Itcouldhebuyingahomelesspersonfoodtoeat.Itcouldhegivingmoneytoapersoninneed.Justthinkaboutthelasttimeyouusedyourownmoneytodosomethingforsomeoneelse.Howdidyoufeel?Whetheritisasmallorlargeamountofmoney.Peoplefeelhappierwhentheygive.Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.ThisideaofconnectingyourhappinesstothehappinessofothersisdescribedasaubuntuinanAfricanlanguage.ThereisevenastoryaboutamanvisitingAfricawhoaskedsomekidstoracetoanearbytree.‘Thefirstchildtotouchthetreewouldgetasweettreat.Surprising,allthechildrenheldhandsandrantogether.Theyalltouchedthetreeatthesametime.Themanaskedwhytheyhaddonethis.‘Thechildrensimplysaidtheycouldonlyenjoyeatingthetreatifeveryonehadone.33.Thewritersaysthatbuyingthings_________.A.canmakepeopleworried B.canmakepeoplenervousC.mayleadtosadnessforlong D.mayleadtohappinessforashorttime34.Wherecanwebestput"Butit’snothavingmoneythatbringshappiness."inParagraph2?A.① B.② C.③ D.④35.Whydoesthewriterquote(引用)astoryinParagraph3?A.ToexplainAfricanslikesweets. B.Toshowexamplesarenotenough-C.Tomakethewriter’sopinionclearer. D.Toexpresshappinessisfromchildren.36.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Buyingnewthingscanmakepeoplehappy.B.Thekeytohappinessismakingothershappy.C.Ifyouwanttobehappy,youcanvisitAfrica.D.Peoplewhohavealotofmoneymightnotbehappy.【文章大意】很多人都觉得如果他们有更多的钱，他们就会更快乐。是的，钱的确能使我们更快乐，但不是有钱能让我们快乐，而是给予别人钱能让我们快乐。人们在奉献的时候会更快乐，这是因为让别人快乐，同时也会使自己快乐。33.D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段最后一句话Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong可知，用钱买东西不能长时间给我们带来快乐。由此可知应选D。34.B【解析】推理判断题。题干中这句话Butitsnothavingmoneythatbringshappiness.意为：但是不是拥有钱带来快乐。根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.提到：事实上，钱使人们更开心；后面又提到Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy是给别人钱使人们开心。故这句话应放在②处，能使上下文意衔接，故选B。35.C【解析】推理判断题。这篇短文是议论文，讲述了真正让人们快乐的不是有钱，而是用钱来使别人快乐。第二段的最后提到Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.＂让别人快乐也会让给予者快乐＂。为了使读者更好地理解这一点，作者讲了下面的故事。因此C选项＂使作者的观点更清楚＂是正确的。36.B【解析】主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，作者先讲述了用钱买东西并不能长久地使人们快乐，然后引出作者的观点Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.＂使别人快乐也会让给予者快乐＂。故B选项＂快乐的关键是使别人快乐＂，符合文章大意和主旨，故应选B。ESomepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents,however,itisnottrue.Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.Ifit’shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don’tworryaboutit.Hereissomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap（消除代沟）.Don’targue（争辩）withyourparents.Don’tgettoyourparentswhenyouareangry.Yourparentsprobablywon’consideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthem.Andyoucan’texpress（表达）yourselfwellifyouareangry.Gosomewheretocooloff.Makesureyouunderstandwhyyouareunhappy.Thenthinkaboutwhatyouwanttosaytoyourparents.Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucanspeaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter.Trytoreachacompromise（和解）.Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagreeonsomething.Youcankeepyourdisagreementandtryyourbesttoaccepteachother.Michael’smotherdidn’tagreewithhimaboutbuyingamotorcycle.Theyarguedoverit.Buttheyfinallycametoacompromise.Michaelboughtthemotorcycle,butonlydroveitoncertaindays.Ofcourse,yourparentsmightrefusetocompromiseonsomething.Inthesesituations,itisespeciallyimportanttoshowloveandrespect（尊敬）tothem.Showingrespectwillkeepyourrelationshipstrong.Talkaboutyourvalues.Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown.Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhyunderstandingyourvaluesmighthelpthemseeyourpurposesinlife.Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscanmakeyouabetterandhappierperson.Haveatry!5.Thepassagetellsus________haveacommunicationproblem.A.parentsandotherpeople B.teachersandtheirstudentsC.parentsandchildrenofallages D.schoolkidsandtheirparent6.Yourparentsprobablywon’tconsideryourideasifyou________.A.writealettertothem B.don’tgettothemoftenC.expressyourselfwell D.don’tspeaktothempolitely7.Theunderlinedphrase＂cooloff＂inthepassagemeans＂________＂.A.tohaveagoodrest B.tohideyourselfquicklyC.tomakeyourselfhappy D.togetyouquietandrelaxed8.Ifthere’sreallyagenerationgapbetweenyouandyourparents,you’dbetter________.A.haveatalkwiththemoften B.keepawayfromthemC.agreewiththemallthetime D.knowabouttheirvalues9.Fromthepassagewelearnthat________.A.parentsandchildrenshouldnothaveagenerationgapB.therearesomegoodwaystobridgethegenerationgapC.parentsshouldshowloveandrespecttotheirchildrenD.therearesomanyseriousproblemsinfamiliestoday【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述家长和孩子之间有代沟，主要原因是缺少沟通，当我们彼此了解对方的观点和想法之后，就很容易理解对方，从而消除代沟。5.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages可知，沟通是所有年龄段的父母和孩子都要面临的问题，故选C。6.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Yourparentsprobablywon’consideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthem可知，如果你朝他们喊，他们就不会考虑你的主意，所以表示如果你没有礼貌地和他们说话，故选D。7.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据Andyoucan’texpress（表达）yourselfwellifyouareangry.Gosomewheretocooloff可知，如果你生气，你就不能很好地表达你自己，所以要到某个地方冷静并放松一下，故选D。8.A【解析】细节理解题。根据Thenthinkaboutwhatyouwanttosaytoyourparents.Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucanspeaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter、Trytoreachacompromise以及Talkaboutyourvalues可知，要经常和父母交流，故选A。9.B【解析】推理判断题。根据Hereissomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap以及下文可知，我们可以知道一些很好的方法来消除代沟，故选B。F①April2ndisWorldAutismDay.Whatisautism?Autismiscausedbypervasivedevelopmentaldisorder*.Herearemainbehaviorcharacteristics*ofautism.②•Socialcommunicationdisorder,liveonlyintheirownworld.③•Languagecommunicationdisorder,difficulttocommunicatewithpeoplearound.④•Repeatstrangemovementsoften,unabletoacceptthechangesoffamiliarenvironment.⑤Fromthreecharacteristicsabove,peoplewithautismhavelotsoftroublecommunicating.Theylooklikenormalpeople,buttheyexperiencetheworldinaveryuniqueway.Thatistosay,thewayhowtheydealwiththingsandunderstandtheworldisnotthesameasnormalpeople.⑥Nowadays,thenumberofautismis67millionallovertheworld.Onein160childrenisautistic.AschoolinEnglandforchildrenwithautismisfindinganewuseforvirtualreality*andVRheadsets.PriorsCourtisakindofschoolinBerkshire,southernEngland.Theteachersatschoolareusinghightechnologytohelpandlearnmoreaboutchildrenwithautism.Aschildrenwithautismhaveproblemswithplacesandsituationstheyhaven’texperiencedbeforewell,theylikewhatisfamiliarandtheyliketheirroutine*.VRheadsetsmakethewearersfeelliketheyareindifferentplaces.Forexample,someonewearingaVRheadsetcanhavea360-degreeviewofaplaceastheyturnaround.Withthevideo,theycanevenhearthesoundsoftheplace.TeachersareusingVRtointroducechildrentosituationslikevisitingashoppingmallorgettingonaplane.Theycandosointhesafetyoftheirclassroom.Inadditiontogettingusedtoeverydaydifferentplacesintherealworld,thechildrenmaylearntoenjoynewexperiencessuchasskiingordeep-seadiving.©Acomputerteacher,NunoGuerreirofromtheschoolsaid,"We'retryinganewdata*collectionsystemwithVRheadsetsatthesametime.Thesystemputstogetherinformationabouteachchildeveryday:whattheyhaveeaten,howmuchsleepandexercisetheyhavehadandalltheiractivities.Thenitcomparesthosefactstoknowhowtheyarebehavingformedicaltreatment."Guerreiroaddedtheschoolhopedtosharewhatitlearned."Hopetonotonlyimprovepeopletoknowmoreaboutthetreatmentandresearchoftheautism,butalsodrawpeople'sattentiontocareaboutautism."33.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A. B.C. D.34.Theunderlinedword"unique"inParagraph5means_________________.A.great B.wrong C.useful D.different35.AccordingtoParagraph6,theuseofVRheadsetsisthat_________________.A.teacherscantakeclassesforchildreninotherplacesinsteadofclassroomsB.childrencanhavetheabilityofskiinganddeep-seadivingintherealworldC.VRexperiencescanhelpchildrenfeelbetteraboutchangesfromtheirroutineD.theycanmakeitpossibletotakechildrentolearnmoreabouthightechnology36.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferwhomaybethepersonwithautism?A.Jeffhastroublefallingasleepatnightandalwaysfeelssickintheday.B.Mariefeelsunconfidentandalwaysafraidtospeakinfrontoftheclass.C.Nickyalwaysstaysinherprivateworldandevencan'tunderstandothers.D.Stevecan'tconcentrateonhisstudyandoftenfightswithothersafterclass.【答案】33.A34.D35.C36.C【解析】本文主要讲述了自闭症的相关信息。患有自闭症的人会有社交、语言交际障碍和表现出不同于的正常人行为。一所在英格兰为自闭症孩子建立的学校正在利用VR虚拟现实耳机技术来帮助自闭症孩子克服这种障碍。同时通过运用VR虚拟现实耳机技术收集数据并进行分析以便让人们更好地了解和研究自闭症。【33题详解】篇章结构题。分析文章结构可知第一段开门见山引出“自闭症”这一文章主题，接着二三四段分别介绍了自闭症的一些表现，第五段是对自闭症的总结，第六段和七段为并列的两段，所以A项符合文章结构，故选A。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段“Theylooklikenormalpeople,buttheyexperiencetheworldinaveryuniqueway他们看起来像正常人，但是他们以一种非常独特的方式体验世界”可知unique在文中的意思为独特的，different意为“不同的，独特的”符合题意，故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。第六段主要讲述了运用VR虚拟现实耳机技术来帮助自闭症孩子体验以前他们没有体验过的地方和环境，从而帮助他们习惯现实世界的生活，虚拟现实体验能够帮助孩子们更好地感受到他们日常生活中的变化，故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。患有自闭症的人会有社交、语言障碍，他们生活在自己的世界，不能够跟其他人正常交流，不能够接受熟悉环境的变化，可知C项符合题意，故选C。A【2020•黔南州】Doyoupaywithpapermoney,credit(信用的)card,oryourphonewhenyougosopping?PeopleinChinamaypaywithWeChat(微信)onthephones.Weseldomusepapermoney.WhileWeChatPayisnowapartoflifeinourcountry,thiswayofpayingalsoappearsinothercountries.Alotofforeigncompaniesandtradershavetoacceptit.AccordingtoXinhuaNews,about13foreigncountrieshaveWeChatPayservicesforChinesetravelers.IsitgoodorbadtouseWeChatPay?Willpeoplenolongerusepapermoneyinthefuture?SomediscussionsappearontheInternet."Idon'tthinkso.NearlyhalfofChinesepeopleliveinthecountryside.Peopletherecan'tenjoyitwithoutgoodInternetservice.Andmostoldpeopleliketousepapermoney."saidWinnie."WeChatPayisconvenientandsafe.Weneedn'ttellifthemoneyisrealorfake.Butpapermoneyisjusttheopposite.WeshouldencouragepeopletouseWeChatPaymore."saidawiseman."Foralongtime,peoplewillusedifferentpaymentways,"saidSunshine."Tradersshouldallowpeopletochoosethewaystheyliketopay."Willpapermoneydisappearinthefuture?What'syourideasaboutit?41.WhenwepaywithWeChat,weneedtouseour__________.A.phones B.papermoney C.creditcards D.wallet42.Awisemanthought__________.A.itwasnotsafeifpeopledon'tusepapermoney B.WeChatPaywasconvenientandsafeC.peoplewouldgoonusingpapermoneyinthefuture D.oldpeopleliketousepapermoneymore43.Theunderlinedword"fake"inParagraph5maymean__________.A.脏的 B.麻烦的 C.假的 D.残缺的44.Fromthepassage,wecanknow__________.A.onlyChinesepeopleuseWeChatPayB.ChinesetravelerscanuseWeChatPayinabout13foreigncountriesC.peopleuseWeChatPaymorethanpapermoneyintheworldD.papermoneywillsurelydisappearinthefuture45.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhyPeopleUseWeChatPay? B.WeChatPaymentinChina.C.WillPaperMoneyDisappear? D.PaymentWaysintheFuture.本文主要介绍了微信支付越来越受人们的欢迎，然而纸币是否会消失呢?不同的人有不同的看法。41.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“PeopleinChinamaypaywithWeChat(微信)onthephones.”，可知中国人可以用手机微信支付，故选A。42.B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段awiseman说话的内容中“WeChatPayisconvenientandsafe.”，可知智者认为微信支付方便安全，故选B。43.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据句子“Weneedn'ttellifthemoneyisrealorfake.”中的real“真实的”，意为我们不需要去分辨钱是真的还是假的。可知fake表示“假的”之意，故选C。44.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhileWeChatPayisnowapartoflifeinourcountry,thiswayofpayingalsoappearsinothercountries虽然微信支付已经成为我国生活的一部分，但这种支付方式在其他国家也出现过。”，可知选项A是错误的；根据第二段“AccordingtoXinhuaNews,about13foreigncountrieshaveWeChatPayservicesforChinesetravelers.据新华社报道，大约有13个国家为中国游客提供微信支付服务。”，可知选项B是正确的；根据Winnie说话的内容，可知选项C表述错误；文章未提到纸币一定会消失，所以选项D表述错误。故选B。45.D【解析】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过微信支付引出纸币是否会消失，讨论了两种支付方式，以及未来的纸币是否会完全消失，可知，PaymentWaysintheFuture.是最佳标题，故选D。B【2020•河北省】Inclass,studentsaresharingtheirdreamjobs.Jacob:I'dliketobeamountain-climbingguideforseveralreasons.NumberOne,mountainclimbingisveryexciting.Mountain-climbingguidesgettoclimbtall,dangerousmountains,right?NumberTwo,Ienjoyworkingoutdoorsandhelpingothers.NumberThree,mountain-climbingguidestravelwidelyandmeetmanyfunpeople.Fred:Mychoiceistobeavet（兽医）.Why?Ilikeanimals.Animalsbringalotofjoytoourlives,buttheyaskforlittleinreturn.Ialsoenjoyhelpinganimalsandtheirownersfeelbetter.Petownersarehappywhentheirpetsarewell.Finally,vetsgettoworkwithotherpeoplewholikeanimals.Anne:Ha,mydreamjob?Anaccountant（会计）!Ithinkit'sinteresting.I'mgoodatnumbers,youknow,andIalsolikehelpingpeoplemanagetheirmoney.Goodaccountantsarewellpaid,andIwanttomanagemyownmoney,ofcourse.Butthemostimportantofall,accountantsmostlyworkalone,andIliketoworkalone.Jessica:I'dliketobecomeananimator（动画片制作者）andmakefilmslikeToyStory,Shrek,andCars.Yousee,IlovedrawingandIloveworkingoncomputers.I'dliketohelppeoplerelaxandenjoytheirlife.Animatorscanmakealotofmoney,too.21.Jacob'sdreamjobistobe.A.avet B.ananimatorC.anaccountant D.amountain-climbingguide22.WhatisAnne'smainreasonforherdreamjob？A.Thejobisinteresting. B.Thejobiswellpaid.C.Sheisgoodatnumbers. D.Shelikestoworkbyherself.23.Whatdothefourstudentshaveincommon?A.Theyenjoyworkingoutside. B.Theyenjoyofferinghelptoothers.C.Theyhopetomeetfunpeople. D.Theyhopetomakealotofmoney.文章大意：文中四个学生分享了各自梦想中的工作，并且分别给出了各自的原因。21.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中"I'dliketobeamountain-climbingguideforseveralreasons."可知Jacob梦想中的职业是成为一名登山向导。故选D。22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中"Butthemostimportantofall,accountantsmostlyworkalone,andIliketoworkalone."可知最重要是会计可以独自工作，并且Anne很喜欢独自工作。故选D。23.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中"NumberTwo,Ienjoyworkingoutdoorsandhelpingothers."、第三段中"Ialsoenjoyhelpinganimalsandtheirownersfeelbetter."、第四段中"...andIalsolikehelpingpeoplemanagetheirmoney."及最后一段中"I'dliketohelppeoplerelaxandenjoytheirlife."可知这四个学生的共同点是喜欢帮助其他人。故选B。C【2020•东营市】Atornado（龙卷风）isakindofstrongstormwithairwhichmovesinacirclequickly.Theycanmoveover200milesperhourandcausealotofdamage（损坏）.Astheymoveacrosstheland,theycaneasilypickupcars,trucks,andevenhouses,andthenthrowthemveryfar.Itisimportanttofindasafeplaceifatornadogetsclose.Asafeplacecouldbeabasement（地下室）orthelowestfloor.Ifyouareinahomewithoutabasement,trytofindafirst-floorbathroomorasmallroomwithoutwindowsinthemiddleofyourhouse.Youshouldcurlup（蜷缩）intoaballandcoveryourheadandneckwithyourhands.Buttherearesomepeoplewhoactuallywanttogetclosetotornadoes.Theyarescientistswhowanttolearnmoreabouttornadoes.Oneofthebestwaystodothisistogetascloseaspossibletothetornado.Theyusespecialtoolstomeasure（测量）whatishappeninginandaroundatornado.Onespecialtooliscalledatornadoprobe（探测仪）.Insidethetornadoprobe,therearesensors（传感器）tomeasurewindspeed,temperature,pressure,anddirection.Someprobesevenhavecameras,sothescientistscanseeandund