2020届中考英语二轮专项复习阅读理解说明文专练

届中考阅读理解说明文专练（一）HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge（HZMBopenedonOctober24,2018.It'sthelongestcross—seabridgeintheworld.Thebridgeis55kilometerslong.ItconnectsHongKongandMacaototheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai.Construction（建筑工程）ontheHZMEbeganin2009.Itisconsideredasoneofthe"sevenwonders （奇迹）ofthemodernworld".TheHZMBistheonlyoneinmanyways.Itcanwithstandwindspeedsofupto185km/handearthquakeswithmagnitude（震级）ofupto8.It'sdesignedtohaveaservicelife（寿命）of120years,20yearslongerthanmostbridges .AndIt'snotjustabridge,butalsoparttunnel（隧道）andpartisland.Inonesection（部分）,thebridgetumsintoa6.7-kmunderseatunnel.Andthetunnelpassesthroughtwoman-madeislands.Thetunnelistheworld'slongestunderseatunnelforroadtraffic,allowinglargeshipstocontinuepassingthroughtheseaareaabovethetunnel.TheHZMEmakesitmoreconvenienttotravelbetweenthethreeareas.Itcanshorten（缩短）thetravelingtimefromHongKongtoZhuhai .Peopleusedtospendfourhours,butnowittakesabout45minutes.Bymakinglocalcitiesandareasclosertogether,theHZMEhelpstheareas'development.Itcandeveloptheeconomy （经济）ofHongKong,MacaoandnineGuangdongcities.WhendidtheHZMBopen?OnOctober24 ,2009.OnNovember24,2009.OnOctober24,2018.OnDecember24,2018.whatdoestheunderlinedword"withstand"meaninChinese ?A.坚守B.躲避C.减轻D.承受ThebridgecanhelpthethreeareasinmanywaysEXCEPT .developingtheeconomyofthethreeareasmakingthethreeareashavefewerearthquakesmakinglocalcitiesandthethreeareasclosertogethershorteningthetravelingtimefromHongKongtoZhuhaiHowlongdoesittaketotravelfromHongKongtoZhuhaiaccordingtothepassage?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAbout45minutes .About55minutes .About2hours.About4hours.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage ?Thebridgeis55kilometerslong .ConstructionontheHZMBbeganin2009TheservicelifeoftheHzMBis20yearsshorterthanmostbridge .Inonesection,theunderseatunnelpassesthroughtwomanmadeislands .(1)A⑵D(3)B(4)A(5)C(二)Whenitcomestohelpingdevelopingcountries ,weoftenthinkaboutofferingmoneyinorderthattheycanbuildschoolsandhospitals ,buyfoodandmedicine,orfindcleanwatersupplies.Theseseemtobethemostimportantbasicneedsintheirlives.However,it'sfarfromenough.Wehavetocomeupwithbetterideas.AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputer ,whichhedecidedtoinventafterhevisitedaschoolinCambodia.ThelaptopwhichMr.Negropontehasdesignedisnotthesameasthenormalonethatyoucanbuyintheshops.Onedifferenceisthatitwillbecoveredinrubbersothatitisstrongandwon'tbedamagedeasily.Asanelectricitysupplycanbeaproblemindevelopingcountries,thecomputeralsohasaspecialhandleinorderthatchildrencanwindthecomputeruptogiveitextrapowerwhenneeded.Thisspeciallaptopcomputerwillcostlessthan100USdollarsandMr.Negropontewantstoproduceasmanyas15millionlaptopcomputersinthefirstyear.Theideaisthatthesecomputerswillhelpthechildren'seducationastheywillbeabletoaccesstheInternet.Thesecomputersmightnotbenefitthepeopleindevelopingcountriesimmediately,butbyimprovingchildren'seducationtheyshouldhelppeopletofindtheirownsolutionstotheirproblemsinthelongterm.Anotherideatohelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesistorecycleoldmobilephonessothatheycanbeusedagain.IntheUK.andprobablyinmanyothercountriestoo,millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyear.Thewastecrestedbythrowingawaytheeoldphonesisverybedfortheenvironment,soitseemstobeanexcellentideatoachievetwoimportantgoalsatthesametime,Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.Inotherwords,wewillbeableto"killtwobirdswithone"andthatisalwaysagoodthing.根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。.Theunderlinedphrase"windup"inparagraph2means 。A.吹风B. 给……上发条 C.摇上D.利用空气……使…….ThelaptopcomputerthatMr.NegropontehasdesignedwillbedamagedmucheasierthanthenormalonehasaspecialhandletoaccesstheInternetischeapandcanrunwithextrapowercanbehelpfultofindthepeople'sownsolutions.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanwegetfromrecyclingoldmobilephones?A.Wecanreducethewastetoprotecttheenvironment.Wecanhelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesreusetheoldmobilephones.itisgoodfortheenvironmentandveryeducativeforphoneusers.Itnotonlyreducesthewasteproducedbydevelopedcountriesbutalsohelpsthechildrenindevelopingcountries..Mr.Negroponte'scheapcomputerismentionedinthepassageto.A.illustratethekindnessofpeopleinthedevelopedcountries

telluswhathightechnologycanhelppeopleshowhowtofindbusinessopportunitiesindevelopingcountriesgiveanexampleofhowtohelpdevelopingcountriesnotjust.Whichisthebestideatheauthorgivesustohelpthedevelopingcountries?notjustWeneedtohelppeopleindevelopingcountriestohelpthemselvesthrowmoneyattheproblem.Weshouldspendmuchmoneyhelpingpeopleindevelopingcountriesbuildmoreschoolsandhospitals.Weshouldthinkaboutgivinghelptodevelopingcountriesmoreoften.Weshouldhelpthepeopleindevelopingcountriesbyimprovingchildren'seducationimmediately.1-5.BCDDADubai（迪拜）isagoodplacetotravelto.There,youcanfindmanytallbuilding,tastelotsofdeliciousfoodandexperiencesomeinterestingthings.Haveyoueverbeentothiscity?IfyougotoDubaiduringthesummerholiday,youmayseespecialkindof "taxi”.Itisadrone（无人机）.Itfliesintheskybyitself!ItissaidthatDubaiplanstouseChinese-madedronesasaself-flyingairtaxiinJuly.ThedronetaxiisnamedEHang184.AChinesecompany（）madeit.ThecityofDubaiwillstartusingitinJuly.Itwillbetheworld'sfirstpassengerdrone,accordingtoYahooNews.Thedronetaxicanflyupto3,500metershigh.Itcanflyatatopspeedof160kilometersanhour.Itcanonlytakeoneperson.HowdoyoucallanEhang184?Youuseitsapp（ 应用程序）onyourphone.Whenthedronecomes,youchoosetheplaceyouwanttogotoonatouchscreen.Thereisnopilotinthedrone.Butsomepeopleonthegroundwillbewatchingit.Theywillmakesureyourtripissafe.Youdon'thavetoworryaboutit.EHang184'sbattery（电池）canonlykeepabout30minutes.Soitcannottakeyoufurtherthan50kilometers.Wouldyouliketotakeatripinthisflyindrone?Don 'twait.Let'sgo!EHang184wasmadebya（n）company.A.Dubai'sB.AmericanC.JapaneseD.ChineseWhichstatement（陈述）aboutEHang184iscorrect?A.Thereisapilotinit.B. It'sbatterycankeeparoundhalfanhour.C.Itcanflyupto4,500kilometers.D.Thetripinitisn 'tsafe.Wheremaywefindthisarticle?A.OntheInternet.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inastorybook.D.Inanovel.52.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheExcitingVacationB.TheSpecialTripC.TheDroneTaxi D.TheComputerCompanyDBAC（四）OnApril26,2017,abigChineseshipcaughttheeyesofthewholeworld.China'sfirsthomemadeaircraftcarrier（ 航空母舰）hitthewaterinDalian,Liaoning.ThenewbigshipisChina'ssecondaircraftcarrier.ItwasdesignedinChinaandbuiltinChina,too.Itisabout315meterslongand75meterswide.Thatisabitlargerthanthreesoccerfields.Anaircraftcarrierislikeanairportonthesea.Itcancarryplanesandtroopstowar.Planesflyfromthecarrierandlandbackonit,andsoldiersworkandliveonit,too.ButbuildinganAnaircraftcarrierislikeanairportonthesea.Itcancarryplanesandtroopstowar.Planesflyfromthecarrierandlandbackonit,andsoldiersworkandliveonit,too.Butbuildinganaircraftcarrierissohardandexpensive.Itcostsalotofmoneyandneedsalargeamountofsteelandotherspecialmaterials.Forexample,abasicaircraft carrier ismadeof60,000tonsofsteel.Italsousescomplex（复杂的）technologies, including radar,electrics,mechanicsandweapons.Finally, ittakesyears tobuildone.Today,notmanycountriesownanaircraft carrier orhavetheabilitytobuildone.Chinahasbecometheseventhcountryintheworldthatcanbuildanaircraftcarrierbyitself,aftertheUSA,Russia,England,France,ItalyandSpain.InwhichyeardidChina'sfirsthomemadeaircraftcarrierhitthewater?A.In2017. B.In2016.C.In2018.D.In2019.

What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?AnAirportontheSeaChinaHasBoughttheSecondAircraftCarrierChina'sHomemadeAircraftCarrierTheSixthCountrytoBuildanAircraftCarverWhatisnotneededtobuildtheaircraftcarrier?A.specialmaterialsB.technologiesC.steel D.woodHowmanyaircraftcarriersdoesChinahaveaccordingtothepassage?A.one B.twoC.three D.fourHowdoesthewriterfeelaboutthehomemadeaircraftcarrierinChina?A.proud B.worriedC.upset D.hopelessACDBAavoidingtrafficlightsandbusyavoidingtrafficlightsandbusyWhatwilltheworldofthefuturebelike?Thereareplentyofpeoplewhoarehappytogivetheiropinionofwhatwewillbedoingin2050.Herearetwopredictionsabouttheworldoftomorrow.Whenwedreamaboutthefuture,manyliketothinkofowningapersonalflyingcar.Theadvantagesareobvious.Thistechnologywouldallowtotalfreedomofmovement.Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,roads.However,somepeoplebelievetherewillbeproblemswithtrafficcontrol.Ifthecarsbecomepopular,thereislikelytobeairtrafficjam.Anotherbigproblemismechanicalfailure.Whatwillhappenifthecarsstopworking?Theseareproblemswemustexpectifflyingcarsbecomeareality.Three-dimensionalprintingisanothernewtechnologywithexcitingpossibilities.3DprintersareusedtobuildanobjectwithliquidplasticTheybuildtheobjectlayerbylayeruntilitiscomplete.Carcompaniesalreadyuse3Dprinterstomakelife-sizemodelsofcarparts,andmedicalcompaniesusethetechnologytomakeman-madebodyparts.Aswemoveintothefuture,3Dprintingwillrevolutionizethewayweshop,thewaywemanufactureandthewaywetreatsickpeople.Thedisadvantageisthatsuchequipmentwillbeextremelyexpensive.Sointhefuture,wemightbeabletoflytoworkorprintoutnewshoes.Althoughtherearesomeproblemstosolvebeforethiswillbepossible, wecancertainlydreamofaworldwheretechnologymakeslifeeasierandsaferformillionsofpeople..Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Environmentalprotection.B.Theworldoftomorrow.C.Advantagesoftechnology..Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?A.SomepeoplethinktechnologydevelopmentmaybringnewproblemsB.3Dprintingcanbringgreatchangestoourlifeanditsequipmentischeap.C.Theflyingcarswon'tbringairtrafficjamevenwhentheybecomepopular..Whatisthecorrectstructureofthepassage?（P1=Paragraph1）.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"referto?A.Carcompanies.B.3Dprint.C.Bodyparts.5.Wecaninferthatthewriteraboutthefuturelifewithtechnology.A.doesn'tcareB.feelshopefulC.feelsdisappointed1-5BAABB（六）（10分）Doyouknowwhenandwhereicecreamwascreated?Ithasalongandinterestinghistory.TheearliesticecreamwaseateninChinamanycenturies ago.Peopleatthattimewouldputorangejuiceontheiceorgetsomethingcooltodrink .Later,thisideatraveledtoItaly .Around1660,itwaspopulartoserveicecreamincoffeeshopsinParis.MostoftheshopswereownedbyItalians.Amongthem,thefirstsuccessfulonebelongedto （属于）amannamedFrancescoProcopius.IcecreamwasbroughttoAmericaintheearly1700s ,anditquicklybecamethefavoriteofAmericans.PresidentGeorgeWashingtonhadicecreampots(罐)andmachinesinhiskitchen.DollyMadison,thewifeofPresidentMadison,wasthefirstonetoserveitintheWhiteHouse.Shemadeherguestsveryhappywhensheservedsuchdesserts(甜品).Beforeicecreamwassoldinstores .itwasmadeandkeptataverylowtemperaturefirst.Ittookalotofworktomixcream,eggs,fruitandice.NancyJohnson,anAmericanwomanwhowasgoodatmachines,inventedtheicecreamfreezerin1846.Fiveyearslater.JacobFlusellopened thefirsticecreamfactoryinBaltimore,Maryland.Herbusinessquicklycametootherstates .Today intheUnitedStates,icecreamisnotonlyakindoffood,butalsoawayoflife.TheearliesticecreamwastheicewithonorsomethingcooltodrinkorangejuiceapplejuicewatermelonjuiceTheownerofthefirstsuccessfulcoffeeshopin Pariswasa(n)FrenchmanAmericanItalianTheunderlinedword"freezer"meansinChinese.A.品种B.冰柜C.配方WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?In1700.icecreamcametotheWhiteHouse .In1846,manyicecreamfactoriesopenedTodayicecreammeansalottoAmericansThebesttitleforthispassageis" ".theHistoryofIceCreamIceCreaminAmericaBusinessonIceCream(1)A.(2)C. (3)B.(4)C. (5)A.（七）Whatareyouholdinginyourhandwhileyouaretakingtheexamination?Right.Apen.Thoughitissmall,thepenhaschangedthehistory,improvedthetradeofcountries,recordedevents,carriednews,anddonefarmoreworkforhumanbeingsthanallothertools.Progresswithoutitwouldhavebeenalmostimpossible.Theinventionofthewheels,theintroductionofsteamengine（蒸汽机）,theuseofelectricity,allthesehavechangedthelivesofmillionsofpeople,butthepenhasdonemore.Ithastakenawaymountains,andithaspreparedthewayforallprogressanddevelopmentofthesociety.Inthepastthependidalltheworkifyouwantedtokeepanywriting forsometime.Thelawyerstookuptheirpensandwrotethelawofthecountryfromthedayswhenpapyrus（名氏莎草名氏）wasfirstused.Themostfamouslettersintheworldwerewrittenwithapen.Itwaswithapenthatthegreatestthinkersofalltimewrotedowntheirthoughts.Thepenisveryutilitarian.Wecannotsignabillorwritealetterorbuyahousewithoutourpen.Anagreementisworthlesstillournameiswrittenwithapen.Thewritersencouragetheworldwithit.Thestudentstaketheirexaminationswithitaswell.Ourcomingintotheworldisrecordedwithapen.Beforewehavebeenatschool,ournameiswrittenonthenamelistwithapen.Wecannotbemarriedtillwehavesigned.Apenrecordstheimportanteventsinourlife.Letusrememberthatweholdinourhandthemostpowerfulinstrumentwhichmanowns.Thepenisamagictool.Wheneveryouuseit,enjoyit.Whatisthewritertryingtodointhispassage?A.Describewhatapenlookslike. B.Introducethehistoryofthepen.C.Advisepeopletoprepareanewpen. D.Showtheimportanceofthepen.Theword“mountains"inthethirdparagraphrefersto（指代）"somethingto

explaintheuseofelectricitylowerthestudentsscoresstopthesocialdevelopmentchangethelawofthecountryThelawyersstartedtowritethelawofthecountrybeforetheirthoughtswerechangedwhenpapyruswasfirstusedassoonastheyrecordedtheirnamesaftertheytookanimportantexamTheunderlinedwordautilitarian"inthepassagemeansA.cheapB.boringC.specialD.usefulWhatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.APowerfulToolB.AnImportantLawC.AValuableRecordexplaintheuseofelectricitylowerthestudentsscoresstopthesocialdevelopmentchangethelawofthecountryThelawyersstartedtowritethelawofthecountrybeforetheirthoughtswerechangedwhenpapyruswasfirstusedassoonastheyrecordedtheirnamesaftertheytookanimportantexamTheunderlinedwordautilitarian"inthepassagemeansA.cheapB.boringC.specialD.usefulWhatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.APowerfulToolB.AnImportantLawC.AValuableRecordD.AnExcitingEvent1-5DCBDA（八）Thousandsofyearsago,Britainwascoveredbythickforests,hometomanyanimalswhichnolongerliveintheUnitedKingdom.Therewerewolvesandbears,manydifferentkindsofdeerandlargewildcows.Therewerelessthanfourmillionpeople.Theylivedinsmallvillagesprotectedbywoodenwallsfromtheanimalsoutside.Allthishaschanged,ofcourse.NowthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomhasincreasedtosixty-fivemillion.Three-quartersofBritainiscoveredwithfields,townsorcities. Although25percentoflandiscountryside,newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore.TheUnitedKingdomisoneofthefewcountriesintheworldthatdoesnothavea

largewildanimalthateatsmeat.InScotlandthereareonly400wildcats,butthesearemuchsmallerthanwolves.Somepeoplewouldliketochangethings,however!SomeorganizationsandwriterssaythatBritainneedstobecomemorenaturalagain.TheysuggestthattreesandplantsthatgrewintheUKbeforetownsandcitieswerebuiltshouldbeallowedtogrowagain.TheyevensaythatlargewildanimalswhichhavenotlivedintheUKshouldbehelpedtoreturnandlivewild.TheycallthisrewildingNoteveryoneagrees.Inthelasttwentyyears,overonemilliontreeswhichat)WordBankorganization)WordBankorganization组织attack 攻击opinion 观点Scotlandhavebeenplantedandthereareplansformore—butwildanimals?Somepeopleaskifwolveswillattacksheeporevenhumans.Theyarealsoangrythatrewildingmightmeananendtowalkinginthehillswhichsomanypeopleenjoy.SofartherearenowolvesorbearsinBritain'sforests—butsoontheremightbe!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。.WhatwasthepopulationoftheUKthousandsofyearsago?About25million.Over65million.About25million.Over65million.C.Morethan61million.C.Morethan61million.D.Notmorethanfourmillion..WhyaretherefewerbirdsandsmallanimalsinfieldsintheUK?a.Becausemoretreeshavebeenplanted.Becausetherearemorelargewildanimals.Becausepollutionismuchworsethanbefore.d.Becausepeopleusenewmethodsoffarming.Whichparagraphgivesopinionsfrom“rewilding"supporters?A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3.D.Paragraph4..Whataresomepeopleagainst?Livingclosertonature.Plantingmoreandmoretrees.C.Helpinglargewildanimalsreturn.d.Buildingmorevillagesandtowns..What'sthebesttitleforthetext?MakingBritainwildagainC.AnintroductiontoBritain

1-5DDCCA（D）Doyouoftenrunoutdoorstokeephealthy?HaveyoueverthoughtabouthowrunningSometimesacreativehelpstocleanuptheearth?Plogging,mindcanbringanewwaytoexercise,plogging"comesfromusawin-win（双赢）situation.beganinSweden（瑞典）.Thenametwowords—theSwedish（瑞典的）word“plocka",whichmeans”topick up（1-5DDCCA（D）Doyouoftenrunoutdoorstokeephealthy?HaveyoueverthoughtabouthowrunningSometimesacreativehelpstocleanuptheearth?Plogging,mindcanbringanewwaytoexercise,plogging"comesfromusawin-win（双赢）situation.beganinSweden（瑞典）.Thenametwowords—theSwedish（瑞典的）word“plocka",whichmeans”topick up（捡起）”,andtheword“jogging”,whichmeans"torunslowly".ASwedishmancalledErikstartedthemovement.Hesawrubbishhereandtherewhenridingtoworkeachday.Hebecameworriedaboutthedirtyhebegantoruntoworkenvironmentanddecidednottohebegantoruntoworkgotoworkbybikeanymore.Instead,erallaround.Butifandpickuptherubbishatthesametime.Tohisjoy,moreandmorepeoplefollowedhimandandpickuptherubbishatthesametime.Tohisjoy,moreandmorepeoplefollowedhimandsoonploggingbecamepopular.soonploggingbecamepopular.Manypeoplechooseplogginginsteadofjustjoggingbecausetheythinkploggingisagoodwaytohelpcleanuptheearth.SometimesrubbishisdifficulttocollectbecauseitmayManypeoplechooseplogginginsteadofjustjoggingbecausetheythinkploggingisagoodwaytohelpcleanuptheearth.Sometimesrubbishisdifficulttocollectbecauseitmayscatttherunnerspickuptherubbishontheway,itisquitedifferent.Afterall,manyhandsmakelightwork.Anotherreason isthat plogging burnsmorecalories（卡路里）.Accordingtoaresearch,logging for10minutesburns48calories,whileusualjoggingfor10minutesburnsabout39calories.Everyone on theearthshouldplay apartincleaningitup!Itstimefor us totake action together.Soready?Letsplogtomorrow!根据短文内容选择最佳答案。答案：46—50CACAC()1.Theunderlined(划线的)word"scatter"in()1.Theunderlined(划线的)word"scatter"inthepassagemeansinChinese.A.爆炸B.集中C.散落()2.AfterEriksawmuchrubbish,A.hebecameworriedB.hekeptridingtoworkeverydayC.hedidn'tcareanddidnothingaboutit(3.PeopleA.爆炸B.集中C.散落()2.AfterEriksawmuchrubbish,A.hebecameworriedB.hekeptridingtoworkeverydayC.hedidn'tcareanddidnothingaboutit(3.PeoplechooseploggingbecauseA.therearetoomanybikesinthecityA.therearetoomanybikesinthecityB.ridingbik