北京2019中考英语大题训练之阅读理解

北京2019中考英语精选大题训练之阅读

理解Passage1You'rewalkingdownaquietstreetandsuddenlyyouhearsomefootsteps.Undoubtedly,itmeansthatthere'ssomeonearound.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhyithappenstousthatit'ssomeoneelse'sfootsteps,notours?AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinSeptember,thissituationresultsfromaroleinourbraintoleaveoutthenoiseswemakeourselves.Inordertostudyhowourbraindoesthis,agroupofscientistsfromAmericacarriedoutanexperimentwithmiceatDukeUniversity.Intheexperiment,researcherscontrolledthesoundsagroupofmicecouldhear,reportedScienceDaily.Duringthefirstseveraldays,themicewouldhearthesamesoundeachtimetheytookastep.Thiswasjustlike“runningonatinypianowitheachkeyplayingexactlythesamenote”.Scientistsfoundthattheirauditorycorte（x听觉皮层）—theareaofthebrainthatprocessessound—becameactiveatfirstbutdecreaseditsreplytothesoundaftertwoorthreeminuteswhenthemicebecamefamiliarwithit.“It'salmostliketheywerewearingspecialheadphonesthatcouldfilter（过滤）outthesoundoftheirownmovements,”DavidSchneider,aprofessoratDukeUniversity.Butoncethesoundchanged,theirauditorycortexbecameactiveagain.Thissuggeststhatthe“filter”inamouse'sbraincouldhelpitfindnewsoundsorstrangenoiseintheenvironmenteasilyafterturningofffamiliarsounds,accordingtoScienceDai.ly“Formice,thisisreallyimportant,”saidSchneider.“Micereallyneedtobeabletolistenforacatgettingclosetothem,evenwhenthey'rewalkingandmakingnoise.”Asimportantasitisformicetolivemoresafely,theabilitytoleaveoutmovement-relatednoisesisalsousefulforhumanswhenitcomestocomplex（复杂的）tasks.Theabilitytoleaveouttheexpectedconsequences（结果影响）ofourmovementgivesustheextra-coolabilitytofind

outwhenwe'vegotitwrong.Forexample,ifIplaythepianojustright,Ihearit,butmyauditorycortexisprettysilent.ButwhenIplayitwrong,Igetamuchlargerreply.So,ourbraincouldbetellingus,“Hey,thatdidn'tsoundright,maybeIshouldmovemyfingersalittledifferentnexttime.”A.B.C.D.1-Thepurposeofthestudywas.A.B.C.D.tostudyhowourownnoisewereproducedtofindoutwhyourbrainscanleaveoutourownnoisetoexplainwhatroleourbrainsplayedinmakingnoisetocomparehumanswithmiceindealingwithnoise2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreased”probablymeaninParagraph4?liftupB.cutdownC.findoutD.lookfor3.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?TheadvantagesofmakingnoiseTheimportanceofstudyingnoiseThespecialsoundskillofbrainThetipsofkeepingbrainhealthy4-Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof.AhealthmagazineB.AhistorytextbookC.AnewsreportD.AnadvertisementPassage2LearningEnglishischallengingbecauseofthevariousrulesandexceptionstotherules.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistohearitspokenandrepeatthewordsasyouhearthem.ConstantrepetitionisthekeytorememberingwordsinEnglish.YoushouldlearnhowtomakeEnglishadailypartofyourlifeinordertolearntospeakitquickly.HerearesomegoodwaystomakeEnglishadailypartofyourlife.LearntheEnglishalphabet字母表）.AskafriendtohelpyouwritelettersofEnglishalphabetonindexcards.Youcanwritethe26lettersofEnglishalphabeton26cards.Practisethelettersbymixingupthecardsandspeakingtheletters.Youcanalsoaskyourfriendtohelpyoupronouncethelettersandtestyouonyourknowledge.MakeyourownvideosinEnglish.Keepwatchingandimproving.Ifyouhaveavideocamera,youcantapeyourselfspeakingEnglishandpracticealongwithyourownvideos.Youcanmakeaplayinwhichyouandafriendarehavingasimpleconversation.Watchyourvideosdaily,andrepeatwhatisbeingsaid.Getaprivatetutor.Thiswillbeveryhelpfulforyourstudy.AprofessionalEnglishinstructorcangiveyouone-on-oneinstructionthatwillhelpyouunderstandtherulesofEnglish.YourinstructorcanalsoteachyouhowtowriteandspeakEnglish.YoucanfindanEnglishtutorbyplacinganadvertisementinyourlocalnewspaper.Youcanalsoinquireatyourlocalcommunitycollege.WatchmovieswithEnglishsubtitles字幕）.Understandforeignpeople'swayofthinkingthroughtheirdialogues.WhenwatchingamovieinChinese,usetheEnglishsubtitlessoyouwillunderstandtheconnectionbetweenChineseandEnglish.UseeveryopportunitytospeakEnglish.It'saveryimportantsteptodaretosayit.Youwillmakemistakes,andthatisOK.YouneedtopracticeEnglishasmuchaspossibleinordertoquicklylearntospeakthelanguagefluently.1.YoucandothefollowingthingswithaA.

A.

B.

C.D.tapingyourownspeakingEnglishwatchingamovieinChinesepracticingalongwithvideosmakingaplaywithafriend2.厶Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.A.EnglishistoodifficulttolearnusingEnglishasmuchaspossibleisimportantmakingmistakesshouldbeavoidedwhenspeakingEnglishD.findingaEnglishinstructorisn'teasy3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Englishisdifficulttolearn.Englishisimportantforeveryone.Justthinkasforeignpeople.SomewaystolearnEnglish.阅读理解Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究表明，大脑有一项功能，即忽略我们自身发出的声音。1.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这个研究的目的。根据DukeUniversity.呵知这个研究的目的是弄清楚大脑怎样能够忽略我们自己发出的声音，故选B。2.B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段划线单词decreased的意思可能是什么？根据后文“It'salmostliketheywerewearingspecialheadphonesthatcouldfilter（过滤）outthesoundoftheirownmovements”可知，刚开始我们的大脑对于声音的反应很活跃，等熟悉了声音之后，就会降低对声音的反应，就像是它们戴上了特制的耳机，过滤掉了自己活动的声音，故选B。3.C【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为:这篇文章最好的标题是什么？通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究表明，大脑有一项功能，能忽略我们自身发出的声音，即大脑的特殊的声音处理技能，故选Co4.C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能来自。通读全文，本文介绍的是最新的科学研究，结合文中eportedScienceDaily”可知，本文可能来自于新闻报道，故选C。Passage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学习英语的方法。1.B【解析】细节理